A Public Trust, A Hoohiki i na Amelika e hiki mai ana

I loko o kahi memo iā Pelekikena Trump, ua manaʻo ke Kakauolelo Kalaiaina ʻo Ryan Zinke e hoʻemi i ʻeono o kā mākou mau monuments aupuni, a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka hoʻokele no nā kiaʻāina ʻehā. ʻEkolu o nā monuments aupuni i hoʻopilikia ʻia e pale i nā wahi koʻikoʻi ma nā kai US. He mau wahi moana kēia no ʻAmelika a paʻa i ka lima o ko kākou aupuni federala ma ke ʻano he hilinaʻi lehulehu i mālama ʻia nā wahi ākea a me nā waiwai maʻamau no nā mea a pau, a no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana. No nā makahiki he mau makahiki, ua haʻi aku nā Pelekikena ʻAmelika mai nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua i nā monuments aupuni ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā ʻAmelika āpau a ʻaʻole i manaʻo mua kekahi Pelekikena e hoʻohuli i nā inoa i hana ʻia e nā hoʻokele mua.

Ma mua o kēia makahiki, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Kākau'ōlelo Zinke e loaʻa ana kekahi mau monuments mai nā makahiki i hala aku nei i kahi loiloi ʻike ʻole ʻia, piha me nā manawa ʻōlelo lehulehu. A pane mai ke keiki i ka lehulehu—he mau kaukani manaʻo i ninini ʻia, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e ʻike i ka hoʻoilina kupaianaha o ka ʻāina a me ke kai a nā Pelekikena mua i pale ai.

No ka laʻana, ua koho ʻo Pelekikena George W. Bush i ka pae ʻāina komohana ʻākau o Hawaiʻi ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo ʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo Papahānaumokuākea i ka makahiki 2009. I ka makahiki 2014, ma muli o nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo loea a me nā kūkākūkā me nā mea kuleana nui, ua hoʻonui ʻia kēia kia hoʻomanaʻo Hawaiʻi e Pelekikena Obama i ka makahiki 2014. ʻO nā Peresidena ʻelua, ʻo ka mea nui ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka lawaiʻa kalepa ma loko o nā monuments—no ka pale ʻana i nā wahi noho nui a hāʻawi i kahi puʻuhonua no nā mea hihiu āpau o ke kai.   

He laʻa ʻo Papahānaumokuākea no nā ʻano ʻano he nui, ʻo ia hoʻi nā ʻano ʻano make e like me nā koholā polū, nā ʻalbatros huelo pōkole, nā honu kai, a me nā sila mōneka Hawaiʻi hope loa. ʻO ke kia hoʻomanaʻo ka home o kekahi o nā ʻākoʻa ʻākau loa a maikaʻi loa o ka honua, i manaʻo ʻia i waena o nā mea e ola ana i nā wai mehana. Noho ʻia nā puʻu kai a me nā mokupuni ʻeleʻele o kona mau wai hohonu e nā ʻano ʻano ʻoi aku ma mua o 7,000, me nā holoholona kahiko loa ma ka Honua—ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele i ola ma mua o 4,000 mau makahiki.   Wahi a National Geographic, "Ma ka huina, ʻaʻole loaʻa kahi hapaha o nā mea ola i loko o ka monument ma kahi ʻē aʻe. ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā mea ʻē aʻe - e like me kahi heʻe keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo, ʻike ʻia i kēia manawa, ua kapa ʻia e nā ʻepekema ʻo Casper. 

I mea e hōʻino ʻole ʻia ai kēia mau mea ola kūikawā (a me ka ʻākoʻa a me nā ʻōnaehana ʻē aʻe a lākou e noho nei) e ka lawaiʻa kalepa a me nā hana ʻē aʻe, ua ʻae ʻia kahi ʻaelike kūkākūkā i nā lawaiʻa mai Kauai a me Niihau e hoʻomau i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kā lākou mau wahi lawaiʻa kuʻuna. i loko o ka ʻĀina Kūikawā Kūikawā, akā e pāpā ʻia mai nā wahi pilikia ʻē aʻe. Akā naʻe, no ke kia hoʻomanaʻo o ka mokupuni ʻo Hawaiʻi komohana ʻākau (Papahānaumokuākea), ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kakauolelo Zinke e wehe hou i ka wahi no ka lawaiʻa kalepa a hoʻemi i kona nui ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kona mau palena.

ʻO kekahi kia hoʻomanaʻo a ke Kakauolelo Zinke i ʻōlelo ai no ka hoʻemi ʻia ʻana o ka palekana, ʻo ia kahi ʻāpana o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika i kapa ʻia ʻo Rose Atoll, i hana pū ʻia e Pelekikena Bush i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 2009. Ma kahi o 10,156 mau mile nautical square o ka kaiaola kai ma Rose Atoll i pale ʻia ma ke ʻano he ʻehā o Marine National. ʻO nā moʻomanaʻo hoʻomanaʻo ma waena o ka Pākīpika e pale ana i nā kaiaola kai like ʻole a me nā miliona o nā holoholona hihiu e hilinaʻi ana i ka Pākīpika Waena, e like me ka US Fish & Wildlife Service. Ma keia hihia, ke paipai nei ke Kakauolelo Kalaiaina a ka Peresidena Trump e hoemi i na palena o keia kia hoomanao, a e ae hou ana e hana i ka lawaia kalepa.

ʻO ke kolu, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka Northeast Canyons a me Seamounts Marine National Monument e ka Pelekikena Obama ma 2016 ma hope o nā makahiki o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me nā loea o nā ʻano āpau. ʻO ka wahi i uhi ʻia e ka monument hou, e pau ana ma ka lihi o ka ʻāpana waiwai kūʻokoʻa, 200 mau mile mai ka ʻāina, ua ʻike ʻia no ka nui o nā ʻano ʻano a me nā wahi noho maʻemaʻe ma waena o nā ʻano wela a me nā hohonu. E ʻai ana nā kohola sperm ʻĀkau ʻĀkau e pili ana i ka ʻili. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā canyons me nā koʻa ʻohe lālā e like me ka nui o nā hale haʻuki nahele. 

Hoʻokahi ʻāpana o kēia kia hoʻomanaʻo e holo ana ma ka lihi o ka papa ʻāina, no ka pale ʻana i ʻekolu canyons nui. Ua uhi ʻia nā paia canyon i nā ʻākoʻa wai hohonu, nā anemone, a me nā ʻōhuʻu e like me ka hele wāwae ʻana ma ka māla o Kauka Seuss. wahi a Peter Auster, ʻepekema noiʻi kiʻekiʻe ma ka Mystic Aquarium a me ke kaukaʻi noiʻi emeritus ma ke Kulanui o Connecticut.  

ʻO ka Bea, Retriever, Physalia, a me Mytilus nā mauna kai ʻehā i hoʻomalu ʻia ma ka hema o ka papa ʻāina, kahi e hāʻule ai ke kai i loko o ka hohonu. Ke piʻi aʻe nei ma mua o 7,000 kapuaʻi mai ka papahele o ka moana, he mau lua pele kahiko lākou i hoʻokumu ʻia i hoʻokahi haneli miliona mau makahiki i hala e nā pelemaka wela like i hana i nā Mauna Keʻokeʻo o New Hampshire.   

Ua hoʻokoe ka Pelekikena Baraka i nā pāpaʻi ʻulaʻula kalepa a me nā lawaiʻa ula ʻAmelika i loko o kēia kia hoʻomanaʻo, a makemake ʻo Kakauolelo Zinke e wehe holoʻokoʻa i nā ʻano lawaiʻa kalepa āpau.

ʻO nā hoʻololi i manaʻo ʻia i nā monuments aupuni i ʻōlelo ʻia e ke Kakauolelo e hoʻopiʻi ikaika ʻia i ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo ma ke ʻano he uhaki i ke kānāwai a me nā kulekele e pili ana i nā kuleana a me ka mana o ka pelekikena. E hoʻopiʻi nui ʻia lākou no ka hōʻino ʻana i ka lehulehu e hōʻike ʻia ma o nā kaʻina manaʻo lehulehu i ka manawa o kā lākou koho ʻana a ma ka loiloi Zinke. Hiki iā mākou ke manaʻolana e hiki ke mālama ʻia nā pale, no kēia mau wahi liʻiliʻi o ko mākou mau wai āpau ma ke kau ʻana i ke kānāwai.

No nā makahiki, ke alakaʻi nei ke kaiāulu mālama i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e ʻike a hoʻokaʻawale i kahi pākēneka haʻahaʻa o ko mākou kai moana ʻāina ma ke ʻano he mau wahi i hoʻomalu ʻia, ʻaʻole wale kekahi o ia mau lawaiʻa. ʻIke mākou i kēia he mea pono, pragmatic, a me ka precautionary. Kūlike ia me nā pahuhopu honua, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ke ola kai hoʻomau i kēia manawa a no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana.

No laila, ʻaʻole kūlike nā ʻōlelo a ke Kakauolelo Zinke me ka ʻike hohonu o ka lehulehu o ʻAmelika i ka waiwai o ka pale ʻana i nā ʻāina a me nā wai no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana. Ua hoʻomaopopo ka lehulehu o ʻAmelika ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēia mau inoa e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hiki o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa e hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu palekana meaʻai no nā hanauna e hiki mai ana ma o ka lawe ʻana i nā pale i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻihoʻi a hoʻonui i ka huahana no nā lawaiʻa kalepa, nā lawaiʻa akamai, a me nā lawaiʻa ola.

Ua manaʻo lōʻihi ka Ocean Foundation ʻo ka pale ʻana i ke olakino o ke kai a me kāna mau mea ola he mea nui ʻole ka honua. ʻAʻole paʻa ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻokele no kēlā me kēia mau kiaʻāina, a hiki i ka lehulehu ke komo i loko o nā palena o ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka Pelekikena. ʻAʻole like me kēlā me kēia Pelekikena mai Theodore Roosevelt a hiki iā Barack Obama nāna i hana i kahi kia hoʻomanaʻo i ala aʻe i kekahi kakahiaka a hoʻoholo wale e hana pēlā ma ka ʻaina kakahiaka. E like me ko lakou mau mua, ua hana pono ka Peresidena Bush a me ka Peresidena Obama ma mua o ka hana ana i keia mau inoa. Ua hōʻike aku nā tausani o ka poʻe iā Kakauolelo Zinke i ke koʻikoʻi o nā monuments aupuni iā ​​​​lākou.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo Dr. Sylvia Earle lālā o TOF Board of Advisors ma ka nūpepa Time 18 September no kāna alakaʻi ʻana i ka ʻepekema moana a me ka palekana moana. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo ia, pono kākou e mālama pono i nā wahi nui o ka moana i mea e kākoʻo ai i ka hana hoʻomau o ke kai.

Ua ʻike mākou ua hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe a pau e mālama ana i ke kai a me kona olakino e pono mākou e hoʻokaʻawale i nā wahi kūikawā no ka pale ʻana i ke ola moana, a e ʻae i kēlā mau wahi e hoʻololi i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kemika moana, ka mahana, a me ka hohonu me ka liʻiliʻi o ke keakea ʻana mai ka hana kanaka. Pono nā kānaka a pau e mālama i ke alakaʻi o ko kākou lāhui ma kēlā me kēia pae no ka pale ʻana i nā kia hoʻomanaʻo aupuni e like me ka hana ʻana. Pono ko kakou mau Peresidena i hala e pale aku i ko lakou hooilina—a e pomaikai ana ka kakou mau moopuna i ko lakou ike mua a me ka naauao i ka pale ana i ko kakou mau waiwai lehulehu.