Nā ʻAina ʻaina Sushi a me ke Ola Hoʻohānau Wahine

Ma kahi noiʻi 2016, 3 i 10 mau wahine hāpai i loaʻa nā pae mercury ma mua o ka palena palekana EPA.

No nā makahiki, ua hoʻolaha ʻia ka iʻa iʻa ma ke ʻano he koho meaʻai olakino no ka lāhui. Ma ka 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, ua kuhikuhi ka Food and Drug Administration (FDA) e ʻai nā makuahine i ʻelua a ʻekolu mau lawelawe (8-12 oz) o ka iʻa i kēlā me kēia pule, me ka manaʻo nui i nā ʻano mea haʻahaʻa i ka mercury a kiʻekiʻe i ka omega-3. nā ʻakika momona, ʻāpana o ka ʻai kaulike.

I ka manawa like, ua puka mai ka nui o nā hōʻike federal e hōʻike ana i ka nui o nā pilikia olakino e pili ana i ka ʻai iʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā wahine. Wahi a he 2016 like alakaʻi ʻia e ka Environment Working Group (EWG), e manaʻo ana i nā makuahine e hahai ana i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo meaʻai a ka FDA e loaʻa mau i nā pae palekana o ka mercury i ko lākou koko. ʻO nā wahine hāpai 254 i hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka EWG nāna i ʻai i ka nui o ka iʻa i ʻōlelo ʻia, hoʻokahi o ʻekolu mau mea komo i loaʻa nā pae mercury i manaʻo ʻia ʻaʻole palekana e ka Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). I loko o ka pule hope loa ma lalo o ke aupuni Obama, ua hoʻopuka ka FDA a me EPA i kahi hoʻoponopono hou ʻia o nā alakaʻi, me ka papa inoa lōʻihi loa o nā ʻano ʻano e ʻalo loa i ka hāpai ʻana.

ʻO nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo kūʻē a ke aupuni pekelala i hoʻoulu ai i ka huikau ma waena o nā mea kūʻai aku ʻAmelika a waiho i nā wahine i pilikia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i nā mea make. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo kēia hoʻololi ʻana i nā ʻōlelo aʻo meaʻai i nā makahiki e hōʻike ana i ka loli ʻana o ke olakino o kā mākou kaiaola kai, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe.

No ka nui a me ka mana, ua like ka moana ma waho o ke aupuni o ka mana a i ʻole ka mana kanaka. Ma ka mōʻaukala, ua manaʻo ka poʻe ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke lawe i nā waiwai kūlohelohe he nui loa mai loko mai, a i ʻole e hoʻokomo i ka ʻōpala i loko o ke kai. Pehea ko makou hewa. ʻO nā makahiki o ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ko mākou honua polū ua lawe i kahi pōʻino. I kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o 85% o nā lawaiʻa o ka honua i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohana piha a hoʻohana nui ʻia paha. I ka makahiki 2015, ua ʻike ʻia he 5.25 trillion mau ʻāpana plastic, ʻoi aku ma mua o 270,000 metric tons, e lana ana ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka honua, e hoʻopio ana i ke ola kai a hoʻohaumia i ka pūnaewele meaʻai honua. I ka pilikia o nā kaiaola kai, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o ka pili pono ʻana o ka pono o ke kanaka a me ke ola kai. ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka moana he mea pono kanaka. A i ka wā e pili ana i ka iʻa, ʻo ka hoʻohaumia ʻana o ke kai ka mea nui i ka hoʻouka ʻana i ke olakino wahine.

ʻO ka mea mua, hana ʻia ka plastic me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika e like me phthalates, flame retardants, a me BPA - ua pili kēia mau mea āpau i nā pilikia olakino kanaka. ʻO ka mea nui, ua ʻike ʻia kahi ʻano noiʻi noiʻi i hana ʻia ma 2008 a me 2009 a hiki i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o BPA ke hoʻololi i ka ulu ʻana o ka umauma, hoʻonui i ka maʻi kanesa o ka umauma, pili pū me ka hāʻule mau ʻana, hiki ke hōʻino mau i nā ovaries wahine, a hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka ulu ʻana o nā kaikamahine ʻōpio. Hoʻonui wale ʻia nā pōʻino e pili ana i kā mākou ʻōpala i ka wai kai.

I ka manawa i loko o ka moana, hana ka ʻōpala plastik ma ke ʻano he puna no nā mea haumia ʻino ʻē aʻe, e like me DDT, PCB, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i pāpā ʻia mai ka wā lōʻihi. ʻO ka hopena, ua ʻike nā haʻawina e hiki ke lilo i hoʻokahi miliona mau mea ʻona ma mua o ka wai kai a puni. Loaʻa i nā microplastics lana nā mea hoʻopau endocrine i ʻike ʻia, hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā pilikia o ka hānau ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ke kanaka. ʻO nā mea kemika, e like me DEHP, PVC, a me PS, i loaʻa maʻamau i loko o ka ʻōpala kai plastik ua pili i ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai, infertility, nā hemahema o ke kino, nā maʻi neurological, a me ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka wā ʻōpio i nā wahine. I ka ʻai ʻole ʻana o ke ola kai i kā mākou ʻōpala, hele kēia mau meaʻawaʻawa i ko lākou ala ma ka pūnaewele meaʻai moana nui, a hiki i ka pau ʻana i kā mākou mau papa.

Nui ka nui o ka haumia o ka moana, ua haumia ke kaumaha o ke kino o kēlā me kēia holoholona kai. Mai ka ʻōpū o ka salmon a hiki i ka blubber of orcas, ua bioaccumulated nā mea make i hana ʻia e ke kanaka ma kēlā me kēia pae o ke kaulahao meaʻai.

Ma muli o ke kaʻina hana o ka biomagnification, lawe ka poʻe predator kiʻekiʻe i nā ukana toxin nui aʻe, kahi e hoʻopilikia ai ka ʻai ʻana i kā lākou ʻiʻo i ke olakino kanaka.

Ma ka Dietary Guidelines for Americans, ʻōlelo ka FDA i nā wahine hāpai ʻaʻole e ʻai i ka iʻa me ka mercury-kaumaha, e like me ka tuna, swordfish, marlin, e noho ma luna o ke kaulahao meaʻai. ʻO kēia manaʻo, ʻoiai he maikaʻi, mālama ʻole i nā ʻokoʻa moʻomeheu.

ʻO nā ʻohana ʻōiwi o ka Arctic, no ka laʻana, hilinaʻi i ka ʻiʻo momona, momona a me ka blubber o nā mammals moana no ka ʻai, wahie, a me ka mahana. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka vitamina C i loko o ka ʻili narwhal i ka kūleʻa ola holoʻokoʻa o ka poʻe Inuit. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ma muli o kā lākou ʻai mōʻaukala o nā mea ʻaihue kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ka poʻe Inuit o ka Arctic e ka pollution moana. ʻOiai ua hana ʻia he mau tausani mile ka mamao, ua hoʻāʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻohaumia kūlohelohe (e laʻa me nā pesticides, nā kemika ʻoihana) he 8-10 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe i loko o nā kino o Inuit a ma ka waiu hānai o nā makuahine Inuit. ʻAʻole hiki i kēia mau wahine ke hoʻololi maʻalahi i nā alakaʻi hoʻololi a ka FDA.

Ma ka hikina hema o Asia, ua ʻike ʻia ka sopa manō he mea ʻono maikaʻi loa. Kūlike ʻole i ka moʻoʻōlelo e hāʻawi ana lākou i ka waiwai meaʻai kūʻokoʻa, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mercury i nā ʻili manō a hiki i 42 mau manawa kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka palena palekana i nānā ʻia. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻai ʻana i ka sopa manō he mea weliweli loa, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā keiki a me nā wahine hāpai. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka holoholona ponoʻī, aia kahi ao paʻa o ka ʻike kuhi hewa e pili ana i nā ʻili manō. Ma nā ʻāina ʻōlelo Mandarin, kapa pinepine ʻia ka sopa ʻēheu manō ʻo "ka ʻēheu iʻa" - ʻo ka hopena, ma kahi o 75% o ka poʻe Pākē ʻaʻole maopopo i ka sopa manō mai ka manō. No laila, inā paha e huki ʻia nā manaʻo moʻomeheu o ka wahine hāpai e mālama i ka FDA, ʻaʻole paha ʻo ia ka ʻoihana e pale aku i ka ʻike. ʻIke paha i ka pilikia a ʻaʻole paha, hoʻopunipuni nā wahine ʻAmelika e like me nā mea kūʻai aku.

ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kekahi pilikia e pili ana i ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa ma ka pale ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano, hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia kēlā hopena e ka pilikia e puka mai ana o ka hoʻopunipuni iʻa. ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā lawaiʻa honua i alakaʻi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻopunipuni iʻa, kahi i kuhi hewa ʻia ai nā huahana iʻa e hoʻonui i ka loaʻa kālā, pale aku i ka ʻauhau, a i ʻole ka hūnā ʻana i ke kānāwai. ʻO kahi laʻana maʻamau, ʻo nā iʻa i pepehi ʻia i ka bycatch i hoʻopaʻa mau ʻia e like me ka tuna hiki. Ua ʻike ʻia kahi hōʻike noiʻi 2015 he 74% o ka iʻa i hoʻāʻo ʻia ma nā hale ʻaina sushi a me 38% ma nā hale ʻaina non-sushi ma US ua kuhi hewa ʻia. I loko o kekahi hale kūʻai meaʻai ma New York, ua kapa inoa ʻia a kūʻai ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he "red snapper" a me ka "Halibut Alaska" a ka FDA. Ma Santa Monica, Kaleponi, ua hopu ʻia ʻelua mau mea kuke sushi e kūʻai aku ana i nā mea kūʻai aku i ka ʻiʻo kohola, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana he tuna momona. ʻAʻole hoʻopunipuni wale ka hoʻopunipuni iʻa i nā mākeke a hoʻololi i nā manaʻo o ka nui o ke ola kai, he pilikia koʻikoʻi ke olakino i nā mea kūʻai iʻa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

No laila… ʻai a ʻaʻole ʻai?

Mai nā microplastics ʻona a hiki i ka hoʻopunipuni maoli ʻana, ʻo ka ʻai ʻana i ka iʻa no ka ʻaina ahiahi i kēia pō e hopohopo paha. Akā, mai hoʻoweliweli iā ʻoe mai ka pūʻulu meaʻai a mau loa! Kiʻekiʻe i ka omega-3 fatty acids a me ka lean protein, piha ka iʻa i nā pono olakino no nā wahine a me nā kāne. ʻO ka mea i hoʻoholo maoli ʻia i ka meaʻai ʻo ia ka ʻike kūlana. He lepili kaiaola paha ka huahana iʻa? Ke kūʻai nei ʻoe i ka ʻāina? Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano he kiʻekiʻe i ka mercury? E ʻōlelo maʻalahi: ʻike ʻoe i kāu mea e kūʻai nei? E hoʻopaʻa iā ʻoe iho me kēia ʻike e pale aku iā ʻoe iho i nā mea kūʻai aku. He mea nui ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo.