Puas yog koj lub tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tua Coral Reefs?

Puas yog koj tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tua coral reefs? Qhov yuav teb tau, tshwj tsis yog koj twb tau tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub-reef savvy, yog. Tom qab ntau xyoo ntawm kev tshawb fawb los tsim cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub zoo tshaj plaws, nws hloov tawm tias cov tshuaj zoo tshaj plaws tsim los tiv thaiv koj los ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov hluav taws kub hnyiab thiab cov qog nqaij hlav cancer ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog tshuaj lom rau coral reefs. Tsuas yog ib qho me me ntawm qee yam tshuaj txaus los ua rau corals rau bleach, poob lawv cov symbiotic algal zog qhov chaw thiab ua rau kis kab mob ntau dua.

Niaj hnub no cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub muaj nyob rau ob pawg loj: lub cev thiab tshuaj. Cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub lub cev muaj cov khoom siv me me uas ua raws li daim ntaub thaiv tiv thaiv lub hnub rays. Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas nqus UV teeb ua ntej nws mus txog ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Qhov teeb meem yog cov protectorates ntxuav tawm hauv dej. Piv txwv li, rau txhua txhua 10,000 tus neeg tuaj xyuas txaus siab rau cov nthwv dej, kwv yees li 4 kilograms ntawm cov pob zeb hauv av ntxuav hauv lub puam txhua hnub.¹ Qhov ntawd yuav zoo li me me, tab sis cov zaub mov no ua rau muaj kev tsim cov hydrogen peroxide, cov tshuaj pleev xim zoo nkauj, ntawm qhov muaj siab txaus los ua mob rau cov kab mob hauv hiav txwv.

Ib qho ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub feem ntau yog oxybenzone, cov khoom siv hluavtaws uas paub tias muaj tshuaj lom rau corals, algae, hiav txwv urchins, ntses thiab tsiaj txhu. Ib qho kev poob ntawm qhov sib xyaw no hauv ntau tshaj 4 lab nkas loos dej txaus txaus rau cov kab mob txaus ntshai.

Kwv yees li ntawm 14,000 tons ntawm cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tau ntseeg tau muab tso rau hauv dej hiav txwv txhua xyoo nrog kev puas tsuaj loj tshaj plaws nyob hauv thaj chaw nrov reef xws li Hawaii thiab Caribbean.

Xyoo 2015, lub koom haum Haereticus Environmental Laboratory tau tshawb fawb txog Trunk Bay puam ntawm St. John, USVI, uas muaj txog li 5,000 tus neeg ua luam dej txhua hnub. Kwv yees li ntawm 6,000 phaus tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tau tso rau ntawm lub pob zeb txhua xyoo.

Tib lub xyoo, nws pom tias qhov nruab nrab ntawm 412 phaus tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tau muab tso rau txhua hnub ntawm lub pob zeb ntawm Hanauma Bay, qhov chaw snorkeling nrov hauv Oahu uas rub tawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm 2,600 tus neeg ua luam dej hauv ib hnub.

Qee cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tuaj yeem ua rau muaj mob rau cov pob txha thiab tib neeg. Parabens xws li feem ntau siv methyl paraben thiab butyl paraben yog cov tshuaj fungicides thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas txuas rau lub txee lub neej ntawm cov khoom. Phenoxyethanol yog thawj zaug siv los ua tshuaj loog ntses loj.

Lub teb chaws Pacific archipelago ntawm Palau yog thawj lub teb chaws txwv tsis pub "reef-toxic" tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub. Tau kos npe rau hauv tsab cai lij choj thaum Lub Kaum Hli 2018, txoj cai txwv tsis pub muag thiab siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj 10 yam khoom txwv, suav nrog oxybenzone. Cov neeg ncig tebchaws uas nqa cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub rau hauv lub tebchaws yuav raug ntes, thiab cov lag luam muag khoom yuav raug nplua txog $ 1,000. Txoj cai yuav pib siv rau xyoo 2020.

Thaum Lub Tsib Hlis 1, Hawaii tau tshaj tawm tsab cai txwv tsis pub muag thiab faib cov tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj cov tshuaj oxybenzone thiab octinoxate. Txoj cai tshiab Hawaii tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub tshiab yuav siv rau Lub Ib Hlis 1, 2021.

TSEEM CEEB: Tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub yuav tsum yog koj qhov chaw so kawg

Cov khaub ncaws, xws li lub tsho, kaus mom, ris, tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj cov tawv nqaij los ntawm kev puas tsuaj los ntawm UV rays. Lub kaus kuj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj ntawm kev tshav ntuj tsis zoo. Npaj koj hnub nyob ib ncig ntawm lub hnub. Mus sab nraum zoov thaum sawv ntxov lossis yav tav su thaum lub hnub qis dua saum ntuj.

Tab sis yog tias koj tseem tab tom nrhiav qhov tan, yuav ua li cas los ntawm kev siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub?

Ua ntej, tsis nco qab aerosols. Cov khoom xyaw tshuaj raug ntiab tawm yog cov tshuaj microscopic, nqus tau rau hauv lub ntsws, thiab cov pa tawm mus rau hauv ib puag ncig.

Qhov thib ob, xav txog cov khoom uas suav nrog cov pob zeb hauv lub hnub ci nrog zinc oxide thiab titanium dioxide. Lawv yuav tsum yog "non-nano" loj kom pom tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb. Yog tias lawv qis dua 100 nanometers, cov tshuaj nplaum tuaj yeem noj los ntawm corals. Kuj xyuas cov npe ntawm cov khoom xyaw rau ib qho ntawm cov khoom noj uas twb tau hais lawm.

Thib peb, mus saib lub vev xaib ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas Kev Nyab Xeeb Sunscreen. Qhov no yog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov tuam txhab uas muaj lub luag haujlwm sib koom los kawm txog qhov teeb meem no, txhawb kev paub hauv kev lag luam tu tawv nqaij thiab cov neeg siv khoom thiab txhawb kev txhim kho thiab kev siv cov khoom xyaw zoo rau tib neeg thiab ntiaj chaw.

¹Plaub kilograms yog hais txog 9 phaus thiab yog hais txog qhov hnyav ntawm koj cov nqaij npua hnub so lossis qaib ntxhw.