TOF ga-anabata Ọzụzụ Acidification Ocean maka Senate nke Mexico

Kedu ihe bụ Ocean Acidification (OA)?
A kọwapụtara OA dị ka mbelata na-aga n'ihu na ọkwa pH nke oke osimiri ụwa, nke mbute carbon dioxide sitere na ikuku. Mmetụta nke OA na-enwe mmetụta na-agbawa obi n'agbụ nri mmiri, na-ebuga mmetụta dị egwu n'ahịa zuru ụwa ọnụ, na mgbakwunye na iyi egwu ọ na-etinye na gburugburu ebe obibi ndị nwere mmetụta nke ndụ mmadụ dabere na ya.

Site na omimi ruo na omimi nke nnukwu osimiri anyị, nsogbu na-eme. Ka CO2 na-agbaze n'ime oke osimiri, ọ na-agbanwe kemịkalụ ya - oke osimiri dị 30% karịa acidic karịa ka ọ dị afọ 200 gara aga, ọ na-agbakwa ngwa ngwa karịa oge ọ bụla n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke ụwa. OA nwere ike ghara ịhụ ya mana ọ dị nwute na mmetụta ya anaghị ahụ ya. Site na shellfish na coral, ruo azụ na shark, anụmanụ nke oké osimiri na obodo ndị na-adabere na ha, nọ n'ihe ize ndụ. Mgbe carbon dioxide (CO2) na-agwakọta na molekul mmiri (H2OỌ na-emepụta carbonic acid (H2CO3) nke ahụ na-agbada ngwa ngwa n'ime ion hydrogen (H+) na bicarbonate (HCO3-), ion hydrogen ndị ahụ dị na ion carbonate ndị ọzọ na-eme ka bicarbonate dịkwuo elu. Ihe si na ya pụta bụ na ihe ndị dị n'ime mmiri nke nwere shells, dị ka mollusks, crustaceans, coral, na coralline algae, ga-etinyekwu ume iji weghachite ma ọ bụ mepụta ion carbonate dị mkpa iji mepụta calcium carbonate.CaCO3) nke na-agụnye shells ha. Yabụ, OA na-apụnara ihe ndị a dị n'ime ihe ụlọ ha dị mkpa maka uto na nlanarị ha, nke n'aka nke na-eyi gburugburu gburugburu ụwa anyị niile egwu.

IHE na-alụ ọgụ OA kemgbe 2003, na-eji usoro akụkụ anọ na-eleba anya n'okwu a site n'akụkụ niile:

1.) Nyochaa: Olee otú, ebe, na otú ngwa ngwa mgbanwe na-eme?
2.) Chegodị echiche: Olee otú o si metụta anyị ugbu a, oleekwa otú ọ ga-esi metụta anyị n’ọdịnihu?
3.) Na-etinye aka: Ịmekọrịta mmekọrịta na njikọ aka na ndị na-eme ihe n'ụwa nile
4.) Iwu: Ime iwu nke na-ebelata acidification oké osimiri ma na-enyere obodo aka ime mgbanwe

banyere Commission on Environment, Natural Resources & Climate Change: Kọmishọna nke Alaka ụlọ omebe iwu nke Mexico
Ọrụ nke Commission kwuru bụ ichebe ihe ndị sitere n'okike na gburugburu ebe obibi nke Mexico site na "ịkwado oghere, esemokwu na adịghị ike dị na iwu obodo na oke ọhịa, mmiri, ihe mkpofu, mgbanwe ihu igwe, ụdị dịgasị iche iche, mmepe obodo na-adigide na ikpe ziri ezi gburugburu ebe obibi, n'etiti ndị ọzọ, na-achọ ịdị irè na ngwa ha na nguzobe nke ntọala iwu chọrọ maka imepụta atumatu ọha kacha mma maka ihe gbasara gburugburu ebe obibi maka Mexico. "

N'ịgba mbọ irube isi n'ebumnobi mba yana ebumnuche mba ụwa, dị ka nkwekọrịta Paris, kọmiti ahụ lekwasịrị anya na ihe ndị omebe iwu anọ ndị a:

• Kwalite omume na atumatu ọha dị irè karị
• Chebe isi obodo na ụdị ndụ ndị Mexico
• Belata mmetụta ọjọọ nke mgbanwe ihu igwe
• Nye aka na nguzozi n'etiti mmepe na iji ihe ndị sitere n'okike na-adịgide adịgide

Banyere SEMARNAT: Secretary nke ngalaba Executive nke Mexico 
Ndị odeakwụkwọ nke gburugburu na akụ ndị sitere n'okike (SEMARNAT) bụ Ministri gburugburu ebe obibi na Mexico ma bụrụkwa ọrụ nchekwa, mweghachi na nchekwa nke gburugburu ebe obibi, akụ sitere n'okike, ọrụ gburugburu ebe obibi na akụ nke Mexico.  SEMARNAT na-arụ ọrụ iji kwalite mmepe na-adigide na ichekwa ebe obibi sitere n'okike n'ofe mba ahụ. Atụmatụ ndị dị ugbu a na-agụnye iwu iji luso mgbanwe ihu igwe ọgụ na ichekwa oyi akwa ozone, ọmụmụ ihe kpọmkwem banyere usoro meteorological na geo-hydrological nke mba, nhazi na nlekota nke iyi, ọdọ mmiri, ọdọ mmiri na ebe nchekwa mmiri na-echebe, na nso nso a, mgbalị iji ghọta na ileba anya n'ihe banyere mmiri ozuzo. mmetụta na-agbawa obi nke OA.

Banyere ndị ngosi: 

Dr. Jose Martin Hernández-Ayón
Onye na-agụ ihe nkiri. Schoollọ akwụkwọ nke sayensị mmiri mmiri nke Mahadum kwụụrụ onwe nke Baja California  
Oceanographer nwere ọmụmụ doctoral na Coastal Oceanography na oflọ Akwụkwọ nke Marine Sciences nke Autonomous University of Baja California na postdoctoral ibe na Scripps Institution of Oceanography na San Diego, California. Dr. Hernandez bụ Ọkachamara na Sistemụ Carbon Dioxide na mmiri mmiri na biochemistry nke mmiri. Nnyocha ya lekwasịrị anya n'ịmụ ọrụ nke mpaghara ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri na okirikiri carbon, gụnyere mmetụta nke oke acidification (OA) na gburugburu ebe obibi mmiri na mmekọrịta nke OA na ihe ndị ọzọ na-akpata nchekasị dị ka hypoxia, mgbanwe mgbanwe ihu igwe na CO2 na-asọba na mpaghara ndị dị n'ụsọ oké osimiri. . Ọ bụ akụkụ nke kọmitii sayensị nke AKWỤKWỌ Mmemme (Mexican Research of the Current of California), ọ bụ onye otu Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON), bụ onye nnọchiteanya nke Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (SOLAS) na Mexico, na-eje ozi dị ka onye ndụmọdụ sayensị nke Mmemme Carbon Mexico (PMC), ma bụrụkwa onye isi oche nke Network Acidification Studies Latin America (PMC).LAOCA)

María Alejandra Navarrete Hernandez
Onye ndụmọdụ gbasara iwu mba ụwa, Mexico, The Ocean Foundation
Alejandra na-arụ ọrụ na mpaghara iwu gburugburu ebe obibi nke mba na nke mba ụwa kemgbe 1992. O nwere ahụmahụ na-arụ ọrụ n'akụkụ n'akụkụ ya na ndị Minista na ụlọ ọrụ nke Onye isi ala Mexico, gụnyere n'ichepụta na ntinye nke ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ onyeisi oche nke mba dị ka "Commission on Climate Change and the Seas and Coasts." Ọ bụ ya kacha nso nso a, Onye Nchịkọba Ọrụ Mba maka Ọwara Oké Osimiri Mexico Large Marine Ecosystem, a EGO Ihe oru ngo "mmejuputa mmemme nke Strategic Action Programme maka GOM LME"N'etiti Mexico na US. Ọ banyere n'ọrụ ndu a ka ọ rụsịrị ọrụ dị ka ọkachamara gbasara iwu na iwu ọha maka "Ntụle na njikwa nke Ọwara Oké Osimiri Mexico Large Marine Ecosystem." Na 2012, ọ bụ onye ndụmọdụ maka UNEP n'ihi na UNDAF nyochaa ma depụta ya dị ka onye na-ede akwụkwọ "National Environmental Summary 2008-2012 maka Mexico."

Mark J. Spalding
Onye isi ala, The Ocean Foundation
Mark bụ onye otu Board Studies Ocean nke National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (US). Ọ na-eje ozi na Sargasso Sea Commission. Mark bụ onye isi otu na Center for the Blue Economy na Middlebury Institute of International Studies. Na mgbakwunye, ọ na-eje ozi dị ka onye na-enye ndụmọdụ na Rockefeller Ocean Strategy (ego ntinye ego nke oké osimiri na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ya) ma bụrụ onye otu ọdọ mmiri nke ndị ọkachamara maka UN World Ocean Assessment. Mark bụ ọkachamara n'ihe gbasara amụma na iwu gburugburu ebe obibi mba ụwa, amụma na iwu oke osimiri, yana ọrụ enyemaka nke oke osimiri na mmiri. Ọ haziri mmemme mgbanyụ carbon na-acha anụnụ anụnụ nke mbụ. Oke oke osimiri Too. Ọrụ nyocha ya ugbu a gụnyere ichebe mammals nke mmiri na ichekwa ebe obibi ha, inye ego carbon na-acha anụnụ anụnụ na atụmatụ iji gbasaa akụ na ụba na-acha anụnụ anụnụ site n'ịbawanye ihe mkpali maka, na iwepụ ihe mgbochi, aquaculture na-adịgide adịgide, mbelata mmetọ mkpọtụ oké osimiri, nkwado njem njem, na Mbelata nke, na imeghari na, acidification oké osimiri na mmekọrịta dị n'etiti ọgba aghara ihu igwe na oké osimiri.

Maka ozi ndị ọzọ biko kpọtụrụ The Ocean Foundation:
Jason Donofrio
Onye na-ahụ maka mmekọrịta dị na mpụga
[email protected]
202.318.3178