The New Blue Economy: Kusamalira nyanja kuti itithandizire

[Zosinthidwa kuchokera ku mawu ofunikira “Nyanja Zachidziwitso” ku Royal Institution yoyendetsedwa ndi Institute of Marine Engineering, Science & Technology pa Novembara 20, 2019]

Kuyika ndalama ndi kudalira chuma cha m'nyanja ndi chakale kwambiri monga momwe anthu amakhalira. Ndiye n’chifukwa chiyani tikulankhula ngati kuti pali china chatsopano? N'chifukwa chiyani tikugwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "blue economy"? Chifukwa chiyani tikuganiza kuti pali mwayi watsopano wakukula kuchokera ku "blue economic"? Ndipo tikutanthauza chiyani tikamakamba za "chuma chatsopano cha buluu"? Chuma cha panyanja chinalipo nthawi zonse pazamayendedwe ndi malonda, kuchotsa zida, komanso zachisoni pakutaya zinyalala (zonse mwadala komanso mwangozi). Ngakhale anthu asanakhalepo, nyanjayi inkanyamula zinthu monga nyama, zomera, ndi mbewu zoyendetsedwa ndi mphepo, mafunde, ndi mafunde.

Anthu anapita kunyanja msanga. Chuma cha panyanja chinayamba ndi kukolola nyama ndi zomera zapafupi ndi gombe kuti zipezeke. Posapita nthaŵi, asodzi oyambirira anachoka m’mphepete mwa nyanja atanyamula ngalawa kapena mabwato kukafunafuna nsomba zambiri. M’kupita kwa nthawi, asodzi anayamba kusiya kupha nsomba n’cholinga choti azipeza zofunika pamoyo wawo ndipo anayamba kuchita malonda. Umboni woyamba wa malonda apanyanja unayamba mu 2000 BCE ku Indian Ocean. Malonda a mayiko akupitirizabe kukhala ofala kwambiri m'madera kwa zaka zikwizikwi ndipo anakula pang'onopang'ono pamene kupita patsogolo pakupanga zombo ndi kuyenda kwanyanja kunapangitsa kuyenda panyanja kudutsa mtunda wautali komanso kumtunda. Pofika m’zaka za zana loyamba, malonda a “njira za silika” anali atakhazikitsidwa ndipo malonda anali kuyenda bwino pakati pa madoko a ku Asia, Africa, ndi Ulaya. Zaka mazana angapo pambuyo pake, gulu lankhondo la pamadzi la Ufumu wa Roma linathandizira kugonjetsa ufumuwo ndipo linachirikiza Ufumuwo kupyolera mu malonda apanyanja. Ulamuliro uliwonse kuyambira pamenepo, kuphatikiza Britain, Dutch, Portuguese, Spanish, ndi ena, wadalira malonda apanyanja kuti ukhale ndi moyo komanso chuma chake.

Poyambirira, maboma adazindikira kuti katundu wofika pamtunda, katundu wobwera kudoko kuchokera kwina, amapeza ndalama zogulira katundu, ndipo motero, analipiridwa msonkho. Pamene misonkho yochokera kunja inayambika, momwemonso inayamba bizinesi yapanyanja yolemekezeka kwanthaŵi yaitali yozembetsa. Pofuna kukulitsa magwero awo a zinthu zopangira zinthu ndi kupeza misika yatsopano, maboma anaika ndalama m’maulendo ofufuza zinthu. Zitsanzo zina zodziwika za ofufuza omwe amatsogolera maulendowa ndi Christopher Columbus ndi John Cabot, omwe adayenda panyanja m'zaka za m'ma 15.^th zaka zana za maboma a Spain ndi England motsatana. Palibe amene adafika komwe akufuna kupita ku China, koma adakafikira ku America, zomwe zidapindulitsa kwambiri maboma omwe adayimilira.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 16^th M’zaka za m’ma 17, asodzi a ku France ankapha nsomba m’mphepete mwa nyanja ku Newfoundland m’chilimwe, n’kumaumitsa nsombazo, kenako n’kuzibweza ku France m’chilimwe. Asipanya anali atalamulira mbali zambiri za Caribbean komanso mbali ina ya North & South America. Kumayambiriro kwake, ufumu wa Portugal umene ukanadzakhala ufumu wa Portugal unali utamanga kale madera akutali opereka zipangizo, katundu, ndi misika kuchokera ku Indonesia kupita ku Brazil mpaka ku Angola. Pakati pa XNUMX^th m'zaka za zana, malonda apadziko lonse lapansi anali apadziko lonse lapansi, oyendetsedwa ndi liwiro lalikulu, ma galleons aku Spain oyendetsedwa bwino, ma Dutch fluyts, ndi zombo zina zamalonda zochokera kumayiko onse aku Europe (zonse zomangidwa ndi zinthu zachilengedwe). Kunali chiyambi cha nthawi, nthawi yomwe malonda anali padziko lonse lapansi komanso chuma cha m'nyanja chikuyenda bwino, komabe pamlingo womwe unali wosasunthika kuchokera ku kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka zinthu, ngakhale ufumu wa imperialism unali wosakhazikika komanso wosasamala.

Maufumu ankadalira kagawidwe ka zinthu zachilengedwe kuchokera ku mayiko olamulidwa ndi atsamunda ndi olamulidwa, kupanga ndi kunyamula mbewu, kutumiza ndi kugulitsa anthu ogwira ntchito kuti apeze zinthuzo, komanso malonda otsatizana nawo a malonda ogula. Zochita zapanyanja monga, zankhondo, zamalonda, ndi usodzi (kuphatikiza whaling), zinali njira zomwe maulamuliro adalimbikitsira ndikudzilemeretsa.

Pamene malonda odutsa panyanja ankakula, maboma anali ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chazachuma mpaka kuyika ndalama m'magawo a katundu wapamadzi amalonda kudakhala njuga yokongola kwambiri yachinsinsi. Mu 1636, Lloyds wa ku London anakhazikitsidwa kuti achite zimenezo. Chuma cha osunga ndalama, ongoyerekeza, ndi makampani a inshuwaransi omwe adangoyamba kumene, zonse zidamangidwa chifukwa chochita nawo malonda apanyanja padziko lonse lapansi afodya, mowa, nsalu, chinaware, zonunkhira, mafuta a whale, zitsulo zamtengo wapatali, ndi anthu akapolo. Ndiponso, malondawo analola kusinthanitsa malingaliro ndi chidziŵitso chimene chinayambitsa zatsopano m’mbali zonse za sayansi ndi luso lazopangapanga. Malonda a mayiko ena analinso ndi zotsatirapo zoipa. Kuwonjezeka kwa malonda a mayiko kunathandiza kufalikira kwa zamoyo ndi matenda osiyanasiyana, kulimbikitsa malonda a anthu, ndipo, m'madera ena, kusintha khalidwe la nyama, kugawidwa, ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu.

Kumayambiriro kwa Revolution Revolution, kupanga sikukadachulukirachulukira kudzera pamakina popanda mafuta osiyanasiyana ochokera ku nyama zam'madzi, makamaka mafuta a spermaceti omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kupaka makina. Pamene kusintha kwa mafakitale kukuyenda bwino, tinawona kuyamba kwa kudyetsedwa kwa nyanja pa dziko lonse lapansi. Kuwonjezeka kosalekeza kwa kukumba zinthu ndi ntchito zina, zomwe zinathandizidwa ndi kubwera kwa injini za nthunzi ndi zombo zoyendetsedwa ndi malasha ndi mafuta, ndipo pamapeto pake chuma cha padziko lonse chodalira mafuta, chinalimbikitsidwa ndi chikhulupiriro chakuti chuma cha m'nyanja chinali chosatha.

M’mbiri yakale, zochita za anthu zinali zozikidwa pa bodza lakuti nyanja inalibe malire m’kuthekera kwake kutipatsa ndi kutichirikiza, komanso kutenga zotuluka m’zachuma chathu – zinyalala zamtundu uliwonse. Pazaka makumi angapo zapitazi, tawona mtengo wa nthanoyo mu kuchuluka, kuthamanga, ndi kusintha kwakusintha komwe tikuwona m'nyanja zomwe zingakhudze chuma chonse cha m'nyanja.

Nyanja ikuchulukirachulukira mosadziwikiratu m'njira zambiri. Chiyambireni Industrial Revolution, nyanja yakhala acidic 30% ndipo ikupitilizabe kukhala acidity kuposa kale. Kusinthasintha kwatsopano kwa nyengo ndi nyengo kudzapitirizabe kukhudza njira zoyendera zamitundu yonse kwa zaka zosachepera zaka zana zikubwerazi, kusokoneza njira zokhazikika zomwe malonda amadalira. Pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu amakhala mkati mwa 100 km kuchokera m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndipo motero akukhudzidwa kale ndi kukwera kwa nyanja ndi mvula yamkuntho, zomwe tikudziwa kuti zidzaipiraipira. Madzi ofunda akusintha kagawidwe ka nsomba komanso kuthekera kwa ulimi wa m’madzi, zomwe zikuwopseza chuma cha asodzi. Maluwa owopsa a algal amachitika pafupipafupi ndipo amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali - amakhudza thanzi la anthu ndi nyama zam'madzi - komanso zimakhudzanso chuma cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Mofananamo, chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa michere ndi madzi ofunda, madera otsika a oxygen m’nyanja akuchulukirachulukira, kutalika kwake, ndi kuchuluka kwake, zomwe zikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa nsomba komanso kuwononga masamba azakudya.

Nyanja si mmene inalili ngakhale zaka 60 zapitazo, ndipo ndithudi osati momwe zinaliri zaka 250 zapitazo. Mawerengedwe akale a chuma cha m'nyanja zakale ndi zomwe nyanja imatichitira sizinayese zomwe nyanja imatichitira. Pambuyo pazaka masauzande akuzunzidwa, mwina ndi nthawi yomwe idatero.

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Ndiye kodi nyanja imatichitira chiyani? Nyanja imapanga zinthu zachuma zomwe zingakhale zovuta kuziwerengera; izi zili choncho, mtengo wa dollar wa mpweya wina uliwonse womwe timatenga ndi chiyani? Kodi timawerengera bwanji mtengo wa kuwongolera kwanyengo ndi kutentha, kupanga mpweya wa okosijeni, ndi kuyamwa kwa mpweya? Kodi timawerengera bwanji mtengo wa kusefera kwake koipitsa ndi kukonza zinyalala? Kodi tingawerenge bwanji chikhalidwe cha nyanja, kukongola, zosangalatsa, zosangalatsa, ndi kudzoza?

Mwa izi, timangowerengera zochitika zachuma zachindunji, osaganizira pang'ono za mtengo wosawoneka wa ntchitozo, ndipo timanyalanyaza ubwino wa ena onse. Komabe, kuwerengera mapinduwa sikofunikira, bola ngati tikuwavomereza. Tiyenera kuvomereza kuti zikhalidwe zopangidwa ndi nyanjazi zikuwopsezedwa ndi kuchuluka kwa zochita za anthu. Maphunziro asayansi omwe adatulutsidwa kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2019 amatsimikizira kuti zovulaza zomwe zidachitika kale ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa momwe timaganizira. Zoyipa zopangidwa ndi anthu izi ndi zambiri kuphatikiza, CO₂ kutulutsa mpweya, kusodza mochulukirachulukira komanso kupha anthu mwangozi, kuyipitsa phokoso lochokera kuzombo, hypoxia yochokera ku deoxygenation, kutsitsa kuyipitsidwa kwa pulasitiki, mchere ndi mafuta a petroleum, maluwa owopsa a algal omwe amakula chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa michere, komanso kuwonongeka kwa madambo a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, mangrove, udzu wa m'nyanja, ndi kotentha ndi kozama, coral madzi ozizira.

Komabe, tikhoza kunena mwachidule zomwe zili zolakwika m'masentensi awiri. Timachotsa zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuchokera m'nyanja. Timayika zinthu zoipa kwambiri m'nyanja. Mchitidwewu uyenera kusiya. Tiyenera kubwezeretsa kuchulukira kwa nyanja yathu ndikukonza zovulaza momwe tingathere. Titha kuyamba ndikusintha malingaliro athu ku gawo laling'ono lomwe lili m'nyanja yamchere yomwe ili yokhazikika. Ndi izi, kuwonetsetsa kuti zotayika zachuma ndi zina zomwe zimabwera chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito mosakhazikika (ndi nkhanza) za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi zam'madzi kuyenera kutengedwa pakuwunika kulikonse pazachuma.

Mu 2016, mayiko 193 adadzipereka ku United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) pothandizira chuma chatsopano cha buluu chomwe chimaganizira momwe mibadwo yamtsogolo idzakhudzidwira ndi kasamalidwe kazinthu zamakono. Mwa ma SDG khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri onse, SDG14 idakhazikitsa kufunikira kwa "Kusunga ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mokhazikika Nyanja, Nyanja ndi Zida Zam'madzi Kuti Chitukuko Chokhazikika," ndikuthandizira mwachindunji 10 mwa ma 16 SDG ena kuphatikiza omwe athetse umphawi ndi njala.

Kuti tikwaniritse SDG14, tikuyenera kukulitsa gawo lazachuma chonse la m'nyanja zomwe zili zokhazikika. Kuyesetsa koteroko kumatichotsa kumagulu abizinesi omwe amawononga zinthu zam'nyanja, kusokoneza ntchito zake, kuwononga chuma chathu, ndikuwonongera anthu ntchito. Izi ndi zomwe Dr. Jane Lubchenco amatcha kusuntha kuchokera ku Ocean 1.0 nkhani yakuti nyanja "idali yaikulu kwambiri kuti isalephereke" ku nkhani ya Ocean 3.0, "yaikulu kwambiri kuti iwonongeke." Motero, tiyenera kukhala ndi moyo ngati kuti kusintha kwa nyengo n’kochitikadi ndipo tingathe kuchitapo kanthu.

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Chuma chatsopano cha buluu chili pafupi kulamulira, osati kusiya kukhazikika. Chuma cham'nyanja "chakale" chiyenera kubweretsedwa chatsopano 21^st Miyezo yazaka zana zomwe zimavomereza kusatetezeka kwaumoyo wapadziko lonse lapansi komanso kudalira kwathu pakubwezeretsanso. Zitsanzo za "zakale" za chuma cha m'nyanja zikuphatikizapo mafuta a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi gasi, nsomba zachisangalalo ndi zamalonda, ulimi wamadzi otseguka, zombo, chitukuko cha m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi mauthenga a telefoni.

Magawo ena azachuma akale am'nyanja akupita patsogolo kukhazikika kapena akhoza kukhala ndi ndalama zoyenera. Mwachitsanzo, kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo kwathandizira kuyang'anira bwino komanso kumvetsetsa bwino zachuma za usodzi wapanyanja, zomwe zimachitika mu 2/3 ya nyanja yathu yomwe ili kunja kwa ulamuliro wadziko lililonse. Kafukufuku wa 2018 adawonetsa kuti kusodza koteroko sikungapindule popanda thandizo lalikulu la boma (zambiri zomwe sizololedwa). Poganizira kuwonongeka kwa chilengedwe komanso mbiri yokayikitsa yausodzi wa anthu wamba, kuthetsa ndalama zonse zoperekedwa ndi maboma kungapangitse kuti ntchito yosodza ikhale yopindulitsa kwambiri, motero kuchulukitsa kuchuluka.

Kuchokera pakuwona kwake kwa carbon footprint ndi kulemera ndi mtunda, kutumiza ndi njira yabwino kwambiri yosunthira katundu, koma makampani ayenera kukumbatira ndi kutengera mafuta oyera, mpweya woyera ndi njira zochepetsera phokoso, ndipo mwinamwake apa ndipamene ndalama zothandizira nsomba zosaloledwa ziyenera kukhala. anaikanso mwalamulo. Pali mafakitale atsopano omwe akuwonetsa kusintha kwazachuma zam'nyanja monga mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa zam'nyanja zam'madzi, migodi ya pansi pa nyanja, njira zothetsera chilengedwe (kubwezeretsa ndi kuteteza mpweya wa buluu), ukadaulo wa buluu ndi sayansi yazachilengedwe, komanso zakudya ndi zakudya zopatsa thanzi. Magawo omwe akubwerawa, ena akadali owonjezera (monga migodi ya pansi pa nyanja) ndipo ena amayang'ana kwambiri kusintha (malingaliro atsopano okhudzana ndi kayendetsedwe ka zombo) akuyenera kuwunikidwa pamtengo wake pachuma chatsopano cha buluu. Chilichonse cha izi chingathe kulowa mu sayansi ndi zamakono zomwe zilipo kale ndikugwiritsa ntchito chidziwitso chogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti chithandizire ntchito zabwino ndikuchepetsa zotsatira zoipa.

Pochita izi, mnzanga Alexandra Cousteau akuwonetsa kuti kuchuluka kuyenera kukhala cholinga chathu chonse. Izi zikutanthawuza kukhazikitsa ntchito zabwino za ridge-to-reef komanso zochitika zapamtunda ndi nyanja. Kumatanthauza kuchepetsa kuvulaza kwa zochita za anthu kuti chilengedwe cha m'nyanja chidzichiritse. Zikutanthauza kuti ulamuliro uyenera kuyembekezera kusintha komwe kungachitike muzinthu zambiri ndikupanga madzi ochereza alendo kuti akhale ochuluka. Izi zimafuna kuti pakhale ndalama zogulira mitengo ya mangrove yathanzi, udzu wa m'nyanja, ndi madambo; komanso njira zamadzi zomwe zili zoyera komanso zopanda zinyalala.

Kuchulukirachulukira ndi biomass kuyenera kukhala koyang'anira ntchito zotsitsimutsa kuti zithandizire kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu komanso kuthandizira chuma. Izi sizokhudza kusankha zodzitchinjiriza motsutsana ndi chuma. Kusamalira, kuteteza, kukakamiza, ndi kusunga ndi zabwino, zimagwira ntchito, ndipo zimathandizira ntchito zachuma. Koma sitingathe kumangokhalirabe pomwe tili poyang'anizana ndi zofuna zomwe zikuchulukirachulukira zomwe zikusintha mwachangu. Sitingathe kuzitcha kuti kusungirako ngati tipitiriza kulola kuti zakudya ndi zowononga zina zilowe m'nyanja popanda kutetezedwa. Kuchuluka kuyenera kukhala cholinga chathu pachitetezo cha chakudya komanso malo okhala ndi moyo wathanzi, izi zitithandiza kupita patsogolo pa kukwera kwa chiwerengero cha anthu komanso kufunikira kochulukirachulukira kwazinthu zonse. Chofunikira chathu chiyenera kusintha kuchoka pa "kusunga mzere" kupita ku "kubwezeretsa zochuluka" ndipo ziyenera kugwirizanitsa onse omwe ali ndi chidwi omwe akufuna kugwira ntchito kuti akhale ndi tsogolo labwino komanso lopindulitsa.

Kupanga chuma chatsopano cha buluu kumafuna mabwenzi osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza ma NGOs omwe ali pansi, asayansi omwe amafufuza zachitetezo cha chilengedwe, maloya omwe amafotokozera zomwe akufuna, akatswiri omwe akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito matekinoloje atsopano pakuwunika ndi mayankho, mabungwe azachuma ndi othandizira omwe akuthandiza kubweretsa njira zachuma ndi ndalama zogwirira ntchito, komanso pogwira ntchito mwachindunji ndi maunduna azachuma, zachilengedwe, ndi zachilengedwe, mabungwe, ndi madipatimenti. Othandizana nawo ambiriwa akuzindikiritsa magawo omwe akutsogolera komwe ndalama zanzeru zitha kuwonetsetsa kuti zachilengedwe ndi zolimba ndizotetezedwa kuti zitsimikizire mpweya wabwino ndi madzi, kulimba kwa nyengo ndi dera, chakudya chathanzi, mwayi wopezeka zachilengedwe, ndikupita patsogolo pakubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa ana athu ndi zidzukulu zathu. chosowa.

Magombe ndi nyanja zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi gawo lamtengo wapatali komanso losakhwima la likulu lathu lachilengedwe, koma "tengani zonse tsopano, iwalani zamtsogolo" chitsanzo chazachuma chomwe chilipo chikuwopseza osati zachilengedwe zam'madzi komanso madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, koma ntchito za pulaneti lathu limene zamoyo zonse zimadalira. Nyanja si yaikulu kwambiri kuti ikonzedwe. Sitingathe kulola kulephera. Dziko lapansi lidzakhalapo ngakhale nyanja itakhala yotentha, yopanda mpweya, komanso acidic. Koma malo oterowo sadzakhalako wathu blue planet. athu blue planet ndi chomwe chuma chatsopano cha buluu chilipo.

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Kuti tifike ku chuma chatsopano cha buluu, tifunika kuphatikizirapo kufunika kwa zachilengedwe zam'nyanja ndi zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi ntchito m'malingaliro athu okhudzana ndi chitetezo, chuma, komanso thanzi lapadziko lonse lapansi. Chuma chamitundu yonse chikugwirizana. Tiyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti dziko lililonse loyenda panyanja likuwongolera kaimidwe kawo pa Global Illicit Trade Environment Index (muyeso wa momwe mayiko amapewera kapena kupangitsa malonda osaloledwa) chifukwa ntchito zoletsedwa ndi chopinga chimodzi chachikulu panjira yachuma chatsopano cha buluu. Zopinga zina ziyeneranso kuthetsedwa, kuphatikizapo inertia, kulingalira kwa chuma cha m'nyanja zakale, ndi kuumirira kukhala ndi mayankho onse tisanachitepo kanthu.

Tiyenera kuzindikira kuti kubwezeretsa, kuteteza, ndi kulimbikitsa zonse ndizochitika zachuma zomwe zimathandizira mbali zina za chuma chathu ndi chitetezo. Ndondomeko za ndondomeko ziyenera kupangidwa zomwe nthawi imodzi zimalimbikitsa thanzi la nyanja ndi kukula kwachuma, m'njira yogwirizana ndi mfundo za chikhalidwe cha anthu, kuphatikizidwa, ndi chilungamo. Ma Agenda omwe amathandizira kukonza moyo wabwino wa anthu komanso kuyanjana kwa anthu, komanso kuchepetsa kuopsa kwa chilengedwe ndi kuperewera kwa chilengedwe, ndizinthu zomwe zimathandizira pazachuma. Tiyenera kuthana ndi kusowa kwa ndale kuti tichite zoyenera kaya ndi boma kapena makampani. Pali kusamvetsetsana mwadala za chuma cha buluu chomwe chiyenera kusinthidwa, makamaka kuti kukula chifukwa cha kukula sikukhazikika ndipo sipadzakhalanso chuma chatsopano cha buluu ngati tipitirizabe kutenga zinthu zabwino kwambiri kuchokera kunyanja ndikutaya zoipa kwambiri. zinthu mu.

Kuti tibwerere ku zochulukira, choyamba tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti kubwezeretsanso kuchuluka sikutanthauza kuchepetsa khalidwe loipa. Tiyenera kukhala osamala kwambiri pokhazikitsa maziko omwe tingayezere kupita patsogolo.

Chachiwiri, tikudziwa kuti pali chiwongola dzanja chamkati (chandalama) ngati biomass ikuchira. Tiyenera kuwonetsetsa kuti njira zachuma zoyamikirira polojekiti zimachokera pamaganizidwe a machitidwe onse. Komabe, monga momwe zimakhalira ndi zamankhwala ndi mafakitale ena ozama komanso otukuka, mtengo wake uli patsogolo, ndipo kubweza sikofulumira kwambiri. Ndiye, mumayika bwanji ndalama ndikuchepetsa chiwopsezo pazachilengedwe? Njira zonse zachindunji komanso zosalunjika zoyendetsera ndalama ziyenera kutsatiridwa. Mwachitsanzo, izi zingatanthauze kuteteza mwala kapena kukonzanso mitengo ya mangrove, ndi kuyang'anira zonyansa za m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ndi kuwononga chilengedwe kuti kupita kunsi kwa mtsinje kusapitirire kumtunda. Maboma odziyimira pawokha akuyenera kuyika ndalama poyambira kafukufuku ndi chitukuko kuti ukadaulo ufike pagulu lazachuma, momwe timapezera GPS, intaneti, zowonera, ndi ma microchip.

Zatsopano ziyenera kulimbikitsidwa kuti zikwaniritse zosowa zomwe zikukula. Chofunikira chimodzi ndi gawo loyang'anira ndi kutsata kuti amvetsetse njira za m'nyanja ndi kupewa kuwonongeka kwa zomangamanga, pakati pa ntchito zina. Zina zofunika kwambiri ndi njira zochotsera zinyalala zowononga mphamvu zochepetsera kutaya malo omwe ali pachiwopsezo, kuonjezera mtengo wa magombe, ndikuwonjezera ufulu wodziyimira pawokha pazilumba zazing'ono; mpweya wa madzi a m'nyanja kudzera pazitsulo zotentha; ndi kutembenuka kwa mphamvu zotentha za m'nyanja, komanso mphamvu zowonjezereka zowonjezereka. Pokhala ndi ndondomeko yoyenera, ndalamazi zimakhala zokopa. Tikhoza kulenga izo.

Ocean Foundation (TOF) idadzipereka pakuzindikira ndikuyika ndalama pazinthu zomwe zimapanga chuma chatsopano. Timalingalira tsiku limene tidzayesa zochitika ndi kuona ngati zili zabwino kwa nyanja ndikumvetsetsa kuti "zabwino panyanja" zimatanthauza zabwino kwa tonsefe. TOF ndi Center for Blue Economy akugwira ntchito kuti athandizire mgwirizano wamayiko osiyanasiyana pakuzindikiritsa chuma chatsopano cha buluu pogwiritsa ntchito njira zomwe mwagwirizana, ma code amakampani, ndi zina zotero. TOF ilinso gawo la Advisory Network for High-Level Panel for Sustainable Ocean Economy, ndipo sitinanyalanyaze misika. Pazaka zopitilira zisanu ndi ziwiri, tidawunikanso makampani masauzande ambiri omwe akufunafuna zinthu ndi ntchito zomwe "zabwino kwambiri panyanja," tikuwona kuti zitha kukhala zabwino kwambiri. Kenako tidapita kukafunafuna mnzawo wowona zamalonda, yemwe tidapeza ku Rockefeller Capital Management-kampani yomwe inali kale ndi mbiri yamakampani omwe amagulitsa bwino komanso kuwunika pogwiritsa ntchito njira za CSR/ESG.

Mu 2012 tinayambitsa co- Rockefeller Ocean Strategy, monga ndalama zapadziko lonse lapansi, zonse zokhala ndi zitetezo zokhazikika, zomwe zagulitsidwa kwanthawi yayitali. Pofuna kusunga ndalama za thumba "zabwino panyanja," TOF imayang'ana kampani iliyonse ndikupereka Rockefeller Capital Management chidziwitso chapadera ndi kafukufuku pazochitika zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi nyanja, zoopsa, ndi mwayi. Malingaliro athu azachuma panjirayi atsimikiziridwa ndi magwiridwe ake amphamvu. Kutanthauza kuti zomwe zili zabwino kwa nyanja ndi zabwino kwa tonsefe. Tsopano tikuyenda kuti tiwonjezere ndalama zomwe zili pansi pa kasamalidwe mpaka $ 1b ndikuyang'ana kwambiri. "Ndalama zomwe sizinachitikepo zandalama zam'nyanja zam'madzi" zimakhala mu ofesi ya banja la baron wotchuka yemwe banja lake tsopano lasiya zonse zomwe zili ndi mafuta ndi gasi. Kusintha nkotheka.

Mabungwe omwe amatithandiza kuchita bwino - kuyang'anira, kulimbikitsa, kubwezeretsa-ndizofunika kwambiri pa kuchulukira kwa nyanja yathu. Chifukwa chake, ndikukupemphani kuti mugwiritse ntchito kafukufuku ndi chitukuko, ma accelerator, zofukizira, ndi makampani omwe ali ndi chinthu kapena ntchito yomwe ili yabwino kunyanja. The gawo la chuma chonse cha m'nyanja zisathe chifukwa ipanga phindu, imathandizira osunga ndalama kuti apeze ndalama, ndikuthandizira ku gawo latsopano… nyanja yathanzi.

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Mawu awa adasinthidwa kuchokera ku mawu ofunikira “Nyanja Zachidziwitso” ku Royal Institution yoyendetsedwa ndi Institute of Marine Engineering, Science & Technology pa Novembara 20, 2019.