Climate Geoengineering ndi Nyanja Yathu: Kuganizira za Ethics, Equity, and Justice

Kuphwanya Climate Geoengineering Gawo 4

Gawo 1: Zosatha Zosadziwika
Gawo 2: Kuchotsa kwa Ocean Carbon Dioxide
Gawo 3: Kusintha kwa Ma radiation a Solar

Kusatsimikizika kwaukadaulo komanso kwamakhalidwe ozungulira nyengo ya geoengineering ndikwambiri muzonse ziwiri kuchotsa carbon dioxide ndi kusintha kwa ma radiation a dzuwa ntchito. Ngakhale kusintha kwanyengo kwawona kukwera kwaposachedwa kwa ntchito zachilengedwe komanso zamakina ndi mankhwala, kusowa kwa kafukufuku wokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha polojekitiyi ndi chifukwa chodetsa nkhawa. Mapulojekiti achilengedwe a geoengineering ocean nyengo akuyang'anizananso ndi kuwunika kofananako, kukulitsa kufunikira kwa kuyesetsa kuyika patsogolo chilungamo, chikhalidwe ndi chilungamo pakuchepetsa kusintha kwanyengo. Kupyolera mu Blue Resilience Initiative ndi EquiSea, TOF yayesetsa kukwaniritsa cholingachi popanga njira zothetsera chilengedwe kuti zithandizire kupirira nyengo, kukulitsa luso la sayansi ya m'nyanja ndi kafukufuku, komanso kufananiza zosowa za anthu am'mphepete mwa nyanja.

Kusamalira ndi kubwezeretsanso mpweya wa buluu: The Blue Resilience Initiative

Zithunzi za TOF Blue Resilience Initiative (BRI) yakhazikitsa ndikukhazikitsa ntchito zochepetsera kusintha kwanyengo kuti zithandizire anthu am'mphepete mwa nyanja. Mapulojekiti a BRI amakhazikika pakubwezeretsa ndi kupititsa patsogolo zokolola za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, kuthandizira kuchotsa mpweya woipa wa mumlengalenga ndi nyanja. Ntchitoyi imagwira ntchito yolima udzu wa m’nyanja, mitengo ya mangrove, madambo amchere, udzu wa m’nyanja, ndi makorali. Zamoyo zathanzi zamtundu wa buluu zam'mphepete mwa nyanjazi zikuyerekezeredwa kusungidwa mpaka 10 kuchuluka kwake wa carbon pa hekitala kuyerekeza ndi zachilengedwe za m’nkhalango zapadziko lapansi. Kuthekera kwa CDR kwa mayankho achilengedwewa ndikwambiri, koma kusokonekera kulikonse kapena kuwonongeka kwa machitidwewa kumatha kutulutsa mpweya wochuluka wosungidwa mumlengalenga.

Pambuyo pa kubwezeretsa ndi kulima ntchito zochotsa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide, BRI ndi TOF zikuyang'ana kwambiri kugawana mphamvu ndi kulimbikitsa chilungamo ndi chilungamo pa chitukuko cha chuma chokhazikika. Kuchokera pakuchita ndondomeko mpaka kusamutsa luso ndi maphunziro, BRI imagwira ntchito yokweza zachilengedwe zam'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi anthu omwe amadalira. Kuphatikizana uku kwa mgwirizano ndi kuchitapo kanthu ndikofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti mawu a onse okhudzidwa akumveka ndikuphatikizidwa mu dongosolo lililonse la kachitidwe, makamaka mapulani monga ma projekiti a geoengineering anyengo omwe cholinga chake ndi kukhudza dziko lonse lapansi. Zokambirana zapano za geoengineering zanyengo zakhala zikusowa chidwi pazikhalidwe ndi zotsatira zomwe zingatheke pakupititsa patsogolo ntchito zachilengedwe ndi zamankhwala komanso zamakina okonza nyengo.

EquiSea: Kufikira kugawidwa kofanana kwa kafukufuku wam'nyanja

Kudzipereka kwa TOF pazambiri zam'nyanja kumapitilirabe Blue Resilience Initiative ndipo yapangidwa kukhala EquiSea, ntchito ya TOF odzipereka ku kugawa kofanana kwa mphamvu ya sayansi ya nyanja. Pothandizidwa ndi sayansi komanso motsogozedwa ndi asayansi, EquiSea ikufuna kuthandizira ndalama zama projekiti ndikugwirizanitsa ntchito zopangira mphamvu zam'nyanja. Pamene kafukufuku ndi ukadaulo zikuchulukirachulukira munyengo ya geoengineering space, kuwonetsetsa kuti mwayi wofikirako uyenera kukhala wotsogola kwambiri kwa atsogoleri andale ndi mafakitale, osunga ndalama, ma NGO, ndi ophunzira. 

Ulamuliro wa m'nyanja ndikusunthira kumayendedwe anyengo a geoengineering omwe amaganizira za nyanja

TOF yakhala ikugwira ntchito pazanyanja ndi nkhani zakusintha kwanyengo kuyambira 1990. TOF nthawi zonse imatumiza ndemanga za anthu kumayiko, mayiko, ndi mayiko kulimbikitsa kulingalira za nyanja, ndi chilungamo, pazokambirana zonse za geoengineering komanso kuyitanitsa geoengineering. Machitidwe. TOF imalangiza National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (NASEM) pa mfundo za geoengineering, ndipo ndi mlangizi yekhayo wa zanyanja zandalama ziwiri zapanyanja zokhala ndi ndalama zophatikiza $720m muzinthu zomwe zimayang'aniridwa. TOF ndi gawo limodzi la mgwirizano wapakatikati wa mabungwe oteteza nyanja kufunafuna mfundo zofanana komanso njira zogwirira ntchito zofotokozera kufunika kokhala osamala, komanso kusamala za nyanja, poganizira za momwe angagwiritsire ntchito nyengo.

Pamene kafukufuku wa geoengineering akupita patsogolo, TOF imathandizira ndikulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo a sayansi ndi makhalidwe abwino a ntchito zonse za geoengineering ya nyengo, ndi kuyang'ana kwapadera ndi kosiyana ndi nyanja. TOF yagwira ntchito ndi Aspen Institute molimbika komanso mwamphamvu chitsogozo pa ntchito za CDR za m'nyanja, kulimbikitsa kukhazikitsidwa kwa malamulo oyendetsera ntchito zama projekiti a geoengineering, ndipo adzachitapo kanthu kuti awonenso kachidindo ka Aspen Institute kumapeto kwa chaka chino. Kayendedwe kameneka kayenera kulimbikitsa kafukufuku ndi chitukuko cha mapulojekiti pokambirana ndi omwe angakhudzidwe nawo, kupereka maphunziro ndi kuthandizira pazotsatira zosiyanasiyana za polojekitiyi. Chilolezo chaulere, choyambirira, komanso chodziwitsidwa kuwonjezera pa ufulu wokana kwa omwe akukhudzidwa nawo adzawonetsetsa kuti mapulojekiti aliwonse owongolera nyengo akugwira ntchito mowonekera ndikuyesetsa kutsata chilungamo. Kayendetsedwe kabwino ndi kofunikira kuti pakhale zotsatira zabwino kuchokera pazokambirana zanyengo ya geoengineering kupita ku chitukuko cha ntchito.

Kulowa munyanja yanyengo ya geoengineering yosadziwika

Zokambirana zozungulira nyanja ya geoengineering, ukadaulo, ndi utsogoleri zikadali zatsopano, pomwe maboma, omenyera ufulu wawo, ndi omwe akuchita nawo gawo padziko lonse lapansi akugwira ntchito kuti amvetsetse zovutazo. Ngakhale kuti umisiri watsopano, njira zochotsera mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide, ndi ntchito zoyendetsera kuwala kwa dzuwa zikuyang’aniridwa, ntchito za chilengedwe zimene nyanja ndi malo ake okhala zimapatsa dziko lapansi ndi anthu siziyenera kunyalanyazidwa kapena kuiwala. TOF ndi BRI akuyesetsa kubwezeretsa zachilengedwe za m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndikuthandizira madera am'deralo, kuika patsogolo chilungamo, kutenga nawo mbali, ndi chilungamo cha chilengedwe chonse. Pulojekiti ya EquiSea ikupititsa patsogolo kudzipereka uku ku chilungamo ndikuwunikira chikhumbo cha gulu la asayansi padziko lonse lapansi kuti awonjezere kupezeka ndi kuwonekera kuti dziko lapansi lipite patsogolo. Ulamuliro wa geoengineering wa nyengo uyenera kuphatikizira ochita lendi akuluakuluwa m'ndondomeko zama projekiti zilizonse.