Mchere Wozama wa Seabed Sangathe Kuthandizira Kusintha kwa Green: Gawo 1

Makampani amigodi ali kukankhira pansi pansi pa nyanja (DSM) ngati kuli kofunikira pakusintha kobiriwira. Iwo akufuna kuchotsa mchere monga cobalt, mkuwa, faifi tambala, ndi manganese, ponena kuti mcherewu ndi wofunika kuthana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo ndi kusintha kwa chuma chochepa cha carbon. 

Kunena zowona, nkhaniyi ikuyesera kutitsimikizira kuti kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zakuzama kwa nyanja ndi zoyipa zofunika panjira yopita ku decarbonization. Galimoto yamagetsi (EV), mabatire, ndi opanga zamagetsi; maboma; ndipo ena ongoganizira za kusintha kwa mphamvu amatsutsana kwambiri. M'malo mwake, kudzera mwaukadaulo komanso mgwirizano wopangira zinthu, akupanga njira yabwinoko: Kupita patsogolo kwaposachedwa pakupanga mabatire kukuwonetsa kusunthika pakuchotsa mchere wam'madzi akuya, ndikupanga chuma chozungulira chomwe chidzagonjetse kudalira kwadziko lapansi pamigodi yapadziko lapansi. 

Kupita patsogolo kumeneku kukuchitika limodzi ndi kuzindikira komwe kukukulirakulira kuti kusintha kosasunthika kwa mphamvu sikungamangidwe pamtengo wotulutsa mafakitale opangira zinthu, okonzeka kuwononga zachilengedwe zomwe sizimamveka bwino padziko lapansi (nyanja yakuya) pomwe zikusokoneza ntchito zofunika zomwe amapereka. United Nations Environment Program Finance Initiative (UNEP FI) idatulutsidwa lipoti la 2022 - zolunjika kwa anthu omwe ali m'gawo lazachuma, monga mabanki, ma inshuwaransi, ndi osunga ndalama - pazachuma, zachilengedwe, ndi zoopsa zina zamigodi yakuya. Lipotilo likuti "palibe njira yodziwiratu momwe ndalama zogwirira ntchito zamigodi m'nyanja zakuya zingawonedwe ngati zogwirizana ndi Mfundo Zachuma Zokhazikika za Blue Economy.” Ngakhale The Metals Company (TMC), m'modzi mwa omwe amalankhula mokweza kwambiri ku DSM, amavomereza kuti matekinoloje atsopano sangafune migodi yakuya, komanso kuti mtengo wa DSM ukhoza amalephera kulungamitsa ntchito zamalonda. 

Ndi maso omwe akuyang'ana pa chuma chobiriwira chamtsogolo, luso lazopangapanga likukonza njira yopitira patsogolo popanda mchere wakuya wakuya kapena zoopsa zomwe zimapezeka mu DSM. Taphatikiza mabulogu a magawo atatu, ndikuwunikira kupita patsogolo kumeneku m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Kusintha kwa batri kukuposa kufunika kwa mchere wa m'nyanja zakuya

Ukadaulo wa batri ukuyenda ndikusintha msika, ndi zatsopano zomwe safuna kapena nickel pang'ono kapena cobalt: Awiri mwa minerals omwe angakhale ochita migodi angayesere kuchoka pansi pa nyanja. Kuchepetsa kudalira ndi kufunikira kwa mcherewu kumapereka njira yopewera DSM, kuchepetsa migodi yapadziko lapansi, ndikuletsa nkhawa za geopolitical mineral. 

Makampani akugulitsa kale ndalama zina m'malo mwa mabatire a nickel- ndi cobalt, akulonjeza njira zatsopano zopezera zotsatira zabwino.

Mwachitsanzo, Clarios, mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse paukadaulo wa batri, adalumikizana ndi Natron Energy Inc. kuti apange mabatire ambiri a sodium-ion. Mabatire a sodium-ion, njira yodziwika bwino yosinthira mabatire a lithiamu-ion, mulibe mchere monga cobalt, nickel, kapena mkuwa. 

Opanga ma EV akugwiritsanso ntchito matekinoloje atsopano kuti achepetse kufunikira kwawo kwa mchere wakuya wakuya.

Tesla akugwiritsa ntchito pano batire ya lithiamu iron phosphate (LFP). m'magalimoto onse a Model Y ndi Model 3, osafunikira faifi tambala kapena cobalt. Momwemonso, wopanga magalimoto amagetsi a 2 padziko lonse lapansi, BYD, adalengeza mapulani kusamukira ku mabatire a LFP komanso kutali ndi mabatire a nickel-, cobalt-, ndi manganese (NCM). SAIC Motors idapanga ma ma EV oyambirira a haidrojeni apamwamba kwambiri mu 2020, ndipo mu June 2022, kampani yaku UK ya Tevva idakhazikitsa galimoto yoyamba yamagetsi ya hydrogen cell. 

Kuchokera kwa opanga mabatire kupita kwa opanga ma EV, makampani akupanga mayendedwe kuti achepetse kudalira kwa minerals, kuphatikiza omwe akuchokera kunyanja yakuzama. Pofika nthawi yomwe oti akakhala ochita migodi atha kubweretsa zinthu kuchokera kuya - zomwe amavomereza sizingakhale zotheka mwaukadaulo kapena mwachuma - mwina sitingafune iliyonse ya izo. Komabe, kuchepetsa kumwa kwa mcherewu ndi gawo limodzi chabe la zovuta.