Kukonzekeretsa Asayansi ndi Madera
Momwe Ocean Foundation Imamangira Kulimba kwa Nyanja ndi Nyengo Padziko Lonse Lapansi
Padziko lonse lapansi, nyanja ikusintha mwachangu. Ndipo pamene zikusintha, zamoyo zam'madzi ndi madera omwe amadalira ayenera kukhala ndi zida zosinthira.
Kuthekera kwa sayansi yam'nyanja yam'deralo kumafunika kuti athe kuchepetsako bwino. Zathu Ocean Science Equity Initiative imathandizira asayansi, opanga mfundo, ndi madera poyang'anira ndi kusanthula kusintha kwa nyanja, kucheza ndi anzawo, ndikuthandizira kukhazikitsa malamulo. Timayesetsa kupititsa patsogolo mfundo zapadziko lonse lapansi ndi zofufuza ndikuwonjezera mwayi wopeza zida zomwe zimalola asayansi kumvetsetsa ndikuyankha.
Timayesetsa kuwonetsetsa kuti dziko lililonse lili ndi njira zowunikira komanso zochepetsera, motsogozedwa ndi akatswiri amderali kuti akwaniritse zosowa zakomweko. Cholinga chathu ndi momwe timathandizira kupanga sayansi, mfundo ndi luso la akatswiri padziko lonse lapansi komanso m'mayiko omwe akuchokera.
GOA-ON mu Bokosi
The GOA-ON mu Bokosi ndi zida zotsika mtengo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potengera miyeso yanyengo ya acidity yam'nyanja. Zidazi zaperekedwa kwa asayansi m'mayiko khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi ku Africa, Pacific Small Island Developing States, ndi Latin America.
pCO2 kupita
Nyanja ikusintha, koma kodi izi zikutanthauza chiyani kwa zamoyo zomwe zimatcha kwawo? Ndipo, kodi ife timatani ndi zikhumbo zomwe tingamve ngati zotsatira zake? Pankhani ya acidization ya m'nyanja, oyster akhala ngati canary mumgodi wa malasha komanso chilimbikitso choyendetsa kupanga zida zatsopano zomwe zingatithandize kukhutira ndi kusinthaku.
Mu 2009, alimi a oyster m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumadzulo kwa US adakumanapo matenda aakulu m'malo awo obereketsa ndi ana achilengedwe.
Gulu la kafukufuku wa nascent acidification ocean acidity lidatengera nkhaniyi. Kupyolera mu kupenyerera mosamalitsa, anapeza zimenezo nkhono zazing'ono zimakhala zovuta kupanga zipolopolo zawo zoyambirira m'madzi a m'nyanja m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kuphatikiza pa kukwera kwa acidity padziko lonse lapansi, gombe lakumadzulo kwa US - ndi kukwera kwake kwa madzi otsika a pH ndi acidification yakomweko chifukwa cha zakudya zopatsa thanzi - ndi ziro kwa ena mwa acidification yofunika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Chifukwa cha chiwopsezo chimenechi, malo ena obereketsa ana anasamukira kumadera abwino kwambiri kapena anaika njira zamakono zowunika mmene madzi amakhalira.
Koma m'madera ambiri padziko lonse lapansi, mafamu a nkhono omwe amapereka chakudya ndi ntchito alibe mwayi wopeza zida zofunika kuti athetse vuto la acidity ya m'nyanja pamakampani awo.
Lowani zovuta kuchokera kwa Program Officer Alexis Valauri-Orton kupita kwa Dr. Burke Hales, katswiri wa zamadzimadzi wodziwika padziko lonse lapansi popanga machitidwe owunikira OA: pangani kachipangizo kakang'ono, kamene kamagwira m'manja kamene kamalola kuti ma hatcheries ayese chemistry ya zomwe zikubwera. madzi am'nyanja ndikusintha kuti apange mikhalidwe yabwino. Kuchokera mwa izo kunabadwa pCO2 to Go, kachipangizo kamene kamakwanira m'manja mwa dzanja ndikupereka kuwerengera pompopompo kuchuluka kwa carbon dioxide yomwe imasungunuka m'madzi a m'nyanja (pCO2).
Chithunzi: Dr. Burke Hales amagwiritsa ntchito pCO2 kupita kukayeza kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa wa carbon dioxide mu chitsanzo cha madzi a m'nyanja otengedwa kuchokera kugombe la Resurrection Bay, AK. Mitundu yofunika kwambiri pachikhalidwe komanso pazamalonda monga ma littleneck clams amakhala mderali, komanso kapangidwe kake ka m'manja. pCO2 to Go imalola kuti isunthe kuchoka kumalo opulumukirako kupita kumunda kuti iwonetsere zamoyo zomwe zikukumana nazo kumalo awo achilengedwe.
Mosiyana ndi masensa ena am'manja, monga pH metres, the pCO2 to Go imapanga zotulukapo zolondola zomwe zimafunikira kuti muyeze kusintha kofunikira mumadzi am'nyanja. Ndi miyeso ina yochepa yosavuta kukwaniritsa, obereketsa amatha kudziwa zomwe nkhono zawo zazing'ono zikukumana nazo panthawiyi ndikuchitapo kanthu ngati pangafunike.
Njira imodzi imene ma hatcheres angathandizire ana awo a nkhono kuti asadzavutike kwambiri akamayambika, ndiyo “kutsekereza” madzi awo a m’nyanja.
Izi zimalimbana ndi acidity ya m'nyanja ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zipolopolo zipangike mosavuta. Mayankho a buffering amapangidwa ndi njira yosavuta kutsatira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito sodium carbonate (soda phulusa), sodium bicarbonate (yogwira ntchito pamapiritsi a Alka-Seltzer), ndi hydrochloric acid. Ma reagents awa amasweka kukhala ayoni omwe ali ochuluka kale m'madzi a m'nyanja. Chifukwa chake, yankho la buffering silimawonjezera chilichonse chosakhala chachilengedwe.
ntchito pCO2 to Go ndi pulogalamu ya pulogalamu ya labotale, ogwira ntchito kumalo opulumutsirako amatha kuwerengera kuchuluka kwa njira zowotchera kuti awonjezere ku akasinja awo. Choncho, motchipa kupanga zinthu zabwino kwambiri zomwe zimakhala zokhazikika mpaka madzi akusintha. Njira imeneyi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zobereketsa zazikulu zomwezo zomwe zinayamba kuona zotsatira za kuchepa kwa pH pamphutsi zawo. The pCO2 to Go ndipo kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake kadzapereka ma hacheri opanda zida zochepa zokhala ndi mwayi womwewo woweta bwino ziweto zawo m'tsogolomu. Njira yosungira akasinja, pamodzi ndi malangizo amitundu yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsira ntchito sensa yatsopanoyi, ikuphatikizidwa m'buku lomwe limatsagana ndi pCO2 Kupita.
Wothandizana nawo wofunikira pantchito iyi ndi Alutiiq Pride Marine Institute (APMI) ku Seward, Alaska.
APMI imapanga sampuli zoyeserera za acidization ya m'nyanja ndikuyesa zitsanzo zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa m'midzi Yachibadwidwe kum'mwera chapakati kwa Alaska pa chipangizo chokwera mtengo chotchedwa Burke-o-Lator. Pogwiritsa ntchito izi, woyang'anira labu Jacqueline Ramsay adatsogolera kuyesa kwa sensa ndi pulogalamu yolumikizana nayo, kuphatikiza kufananiza zachitsanzo ndi Burke-o-Lator kuti atsimikizire ngati kusatsimikizika kwa zowerengera zomwe pCO2 to Go ndi m'gawo lomwe mukufuna.
Chithunzi: Jacqueline Ramsay, manejala wa Alutiiq Pride Marine Institute's Ocean Acidification Research Laboratory, amagwiritsa ntchito pCO2 kupita kukayezera kuchuluka kwa mpweya woipa m'chitsanzo cha madzi otengedwa kuchokera m'madzi a m'nyanja a hatchery. Jacqueline ndi wodziwa kugwiritsa ntchito Burke-o-Lator, chida cholondola kwambiri koma chokwera mtengo kwambiri choyezera madzi a m'nyanja, ndipo anapereka ndemanga zoyamba za mmene pCO ikuyendera.2 kupita kumalingaliro a wogwira ntchito ku hatchery komanso wofufuza za chemistry ya m'nyanja.
TOF ikukonzekera kutumiza pCO2 Kupita kumalo osungirako ma hacheri padziko lonse lapansi, zomwe zikupereka njira yotsika mtengo kuti mafakitale omwe ali pachiwopsezo apitilize kupanga nkhono zazing'ono ngakhale kuti acidity ikupitilirabe. Khama limeneli ndi kusinthika kwachilengedwe kwa GOA-ON yathu mu Bokosi la Bokosi - chitsanzo china chopereka zida zapamwamba, zotsika mtengo kuti tithandize anzathu kumvetsetsa ndi kuyankha ku acidification ya m'nyanja.
