Ocean Heritage Initiative

Ocean Heritage Initiative

Zonse Zoyambira

Kuteteza Chilengedwe ndi Chikhalidwe cha Nyanja Yathu

Kuyambira kusweka kwa zombo zakale kupita ku kusintha kwa mawonekedwe a nyanja, nyanja yathu imakhala ndi nkhani zazaka masauzande. Kubwezeretsa kuchuluka kwa nyanja ndi chikhalidwe cha m'nyanja zakhala zikusiyana-akatswiri m'gawo lililonse akugwira ntchito limodzi koma osati mogwirizana. Monga maziko okhawo okhudzana ndi thanzi la m'nyanja, tili ndi mwayi wapadera wothana ndi mavuto omwe mbiri ya anthu komanso malo am'madzi amakumana.

The Ocean Heritage Initiative ikufuna kuthana ndi zovutazi pophatikiza cholowa chachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe kudzera mukukonzekera malo am'madzi, chitetezo cha chilengedwe, ndi chitukuko chokhazikika, pogwiritsa ntchito ukatswiri pazonse ziwiri kuti tipeze phindu la chidziwitso chathu ndi kuthekera kwathu pakuwongolera thanzi la m'nyanja, kupirira kwanyengo, ndi Blue Economy.

Hans Van Tilburg chithunzi cha reef shark ndi nangula

Philosophy Yathu

Ocean Heritage ikuphatikiza zonse zachilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe chokhudzana ndi malo am'madzi. Timazindikira kuti chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi malo am'madzi adasinthika pamodzi ndipo ayenera kutetezedwa mokwanira. Lingaliro lophatikizanali limavomereza kuti nyanjayi ilibe zachilengedwe za m'nyanja ndi zamoyo zosiyanasiyana, komanso zowoneka bwino komanso zosaoneka za chitukuko cha anthu-monga kusweka kwa sitima zapamadzi, malo ofukula pansi pamadzi, nyumba zowunikira ndi nyumba zina za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, miyambo ya m'nyanja, malo omira pansi pa madzi ndi kugwirizana kwauzimu ndi nyanja.

Nzeru zathu zakhazikika pa mphambano yofunika kwambiri yomwe cholowa chachilengedwe ndi chikhalidwe zimakumana - "malo athu okoma". Zachilengedwe zimagwiritsa ntchito kusweka kwa ngalawa ndi malo ena achikhalidwe chapansi pamadzi monga malo okhala komanso maziko akukula. Ndipo kwa ambiri, cholowa chachilengedwe ndi cholowa chachikhalidwe, monga matanthwe a coral kwa anthu aku Hawaii, Dugong kwa Japan, ndi mitundu ina yamiyala yamiyala. Timakhulupirira kuti kuteteza zachilengedwe za m'nyanja yathu sikungasiyane ndi kusunga chikhalidwe cha m'nyanja. Kuwopseza kumodzi kumakhudzanso wina, kumapanga mwayi wophatikiza njira zotetezera zomwe njira zachikhalidwe za gawo limodzi sizingathetse.

Njira Yathu

Ocean Heritage Initiative imayang'ana zovuta zomwe zimagwirizana kudzera mu sayansi, njira zogwirira ntchito zomwe zimasonkhanitsa pamodzi zofukula za m'nyanja, malamulo apadziko lonse, kusungirako zinthu zam'madzi, ndi zochitika zamagulu.

Integrated Management and Conservation: Timakhazikitsa ndondomeko zomwe nthawi imodzi zimasunga zinthu zakale, kuteteza zachilengedwe zomwe zili pachiwopsezo, komanso kupatsa mphamvu anthu am'mphepete mwa nyanja. Njira yathu imazindikira kuti chitetezo chogwira bwino cha cholowa cha m'nyanja chimafunika kuthana ndi chilengedwe komanso chikhalidwe, kuphatikizapo kugwirizana kwa chikhalidwe chomwe anthu amakhala nacho ndi malo am'madzi.

Mgwirizano Wapadziko Lonse: Monga bungwe lovomerezeka lomwe si la boma ku Msonkhano wa 2001 wa UNESCO woteteza zachilengedwe pansi pa madzi, timagwirizana ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse, kuphatikizapo UNESCO, Lloyd's Register Foundation, ICOMOS-ICUCH, Ocean Decade Heritage Network, ndi mabungwe otsogolera olowa m'nyanja, kuti apititse patsogolo chitukuko ndi kulimbikitsa chitetezo padziko lonse lapansi.

Kugwiritsa Ntchito Pakati pa Community: Timakhazikitsa malo ochitirapo kanthu m'madera ndikugwira ntchito mwachindunji ndi anthu amtundu wamtundu, mabungwe a m'mphepete mwa nyanja, ndi mabungwe osungiramo zinthu zapanyanja kuti tiwonetsetse kuti njira zotetezera zachilengedwe ndizogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe chawo. Timaphatikiza momveka bwino malingaliro achibadwidwe ndi cholowa chosawoneka, pozindikira kuti cholowa chapansi pamadzi chimaphatikizapo kugwirizana kwa chikhalidwe cha moyo kumadera a m'nyanja ndikugwiritsa ntchito mfundo za 2007 UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP).

Miyezo Yotengera Sayansi: Ntchito yathu imachokera ku kafukufuku wokhwima, zolemba zowunikiridwa ndi anzawo, ndi njira zowunikira zowunikira umboni zomwe zimadziwitsa zonse za chitukuko cha ndondomeko ndi njira zothandizira kuteteza.

Chitetezo Chokhazikika: M'malo mongoyang'ana pa kuchira ndi kusungidwa pambuyo pa kuwonongeka, timatsindika njira zodzitetezera ndi kulimbikitsa kuimitsidwa kwa ntchito zowononga, mogwirizana ndi Njira Yodzitetezera yomwe imapezeka m'mapangano apadziko lonse a zachilengedwe.

Ntchito Yathu

Zowonongeka Zomwe Zingathe Kuyipitsa (PPWs)

Hans Van Tilburg adatenga chithunzi cha scuba diver akuyang'ana kuwonongeka kwa ndege pansi pamadzi.

Zombo ndi ndege zimayamba kuwola pang'onopang'ono zikangomira ndikukhazikika pansi panyanja - kaya pamiyala, mchenga, kapena miyala. Akamakalamba, zowonongeka zamakono zimatha kutayira mafuta awo ndi poizoni wina m'nyanja yozungulira. Kupyolera mu mgwirizano wathu ndi Lloyd's Register Foundation, Gulu la Waves, ndi Inkfish Foundation, timayesa kuwunika zoopsa ndikupanga njira zochepetsera kuwonongeka kwa zombo zakale zomwe zimawopseza zachilengedwe zam'madzi komanso chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe. Timayesetsa kuonetsetsa kuti kulemekezedwa kwa ngozi zomwe zachitika monga malo okhala, malo odziwika bwino, komanso manda ndi zolembera. Ngakhale kusweka kwa ngalawa kumayimira cholowa chachikhalidwe (malo owoneka, zinthu zakale, ndi manda ankhondo), komanso kutulutsa kwamafuta / mafuta kapena zida zosaphulika (UXO) zitha kuwononga izi mwachindunji komanso kuwononga cholowa chosawoneka bwino powononga zachilengedwe zozungulira zam'madzi, malo osodza achikhalidwe, ndi miyambo yolumikizidwa ndi madziwo. Kuipitsaku kumawopseza kusungidwa kwa ngozi zomwe zawonongeka komanso kulumikizana kwachikhalidwe komwe anthu amasunga ndi malo am'madzi ndi chuma.

Timakhazikika pa ntchito yowunikira zoopsa za NOAA ku US EEZ, ntchito yaku UK yowunikira zoopsa m'madzi ake, kafukufuku wamabuku a PPW, ndi kukonzanso kotsatira kudzera pakuwunika mwachindunji ndi kafukufuku wowonjezera. Chifukwa chake, ntchito yathu ikuphatikiza kukonzekera kuyankha mwadzidzidzi, kupanga mapu owopsa, ndikuphatikiza pakuwunika momwe chilengedwe chikuyendera m'magawo ofunikira, kuphatikiza Arctic, Caribbean, Pacific, ndi madzi aku Europe. Timayang'ananso njira zopezera ndalama zothandizira kuyankha mwadzidzidzi, kupewa zoyembekezeredwa, ndi kukonza, ngakhale pamene tikuyesetsa kuwonetsetsa kulemekeza udindo wa zowonongeka monga manda ndi zizindikiro za miyoyo yotayika. Malo amodzi omwe akukhudzidwa (ndipo motero kafukufuku) akukhudzana ndi UXO yomwe ingakhalepo pa zowonongekazi komanso m'malo otayira ku Baltic, Mediterranean, ndi kwina kulikonse.

Seabed Mapping ndi Cultural Heritage Baseline Assessments

Kasamalidwe kazinthu moyenera komanso kuyankha pamavuto kumayamba ndikuwunika koyambira. Timalimbikitsa kuwonetsetsa kuti zolowa zachikhalidwe ndi zikhulupiriro ndizofunikira kwambiri pakupanga mapu a nyanja ya 2030 ndi mapulogalamu ena ofufuza azamanyanja.

Mamembala a gulu lathu achita zowunika zachikhalidwe zomwe zimakhala ngati zitsanzo, kuphatikiza maphunziro a Clarion-Clipperton Zone (wolemba Brennan ndi Delgado), Salas y Gomez, Emperor Seamounts, ndi Blake Plateau. Maphunziro amitundumitundu, azikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana, omwe akuphatikizapo madera okhudzidwa, amapereka zoyambira pakuwunika kofanana padziko lonse lapansi. Komabe, palibe pulogalamu yokwanira yotereyi yomwe ilipo ku Arctic, komwe kafukufuku waposachedwa amakhalabe wocheperako - kusiyana kwakukulu komwe kumafunikira chisamaliro chachangu.

Zithunzi za Heritage Lighthouses

Nyumba yowala yaku Ireland ku Dublin

Tikukonza ndondomeko za malamulo ndi ndondomeko zotetezera cholowa cha lighthouse, kuphatikizapo malamulo a template, kukonzekera kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi machitidwe oyang'anira dera. Njira yathu imazindikira nyumba zowunikira ngati zizindikiro za chikhalidwe komanso nsanja zowunikira zasayansi, kuyang'anira nyengo, ndi chitetezo cha panyanja, ndi miyezo yoyendetsera ntchito yomwe imathandizira njira zotetezera.

Zotsatira Zanyengo pa Ocean Heritage

Tikupitiriza kafukufuku wathu wa momwe kutentha kwa nyanja, kukwera kwa madzi a m'nyanja, ndi kusintha kwa madzi a m'nyanja zimakhudzira malo achikhalidwe komanso zachilengedwe zam'madzi. Mwachitsanzo, acidization ya m'nyanjayi ikuchititsa kuti dzimbiri ziwonjezeke pakusweka kwa chitsulo ndi zinthu zakale, kufulumizitsa kutuluka kwa magalasi a ceramic, ndikuwononga ma patina oteteza pazitsulo zamkuwa. Tikuwona kale izi patsamba lodziwika bwino monga USS Arizona ndi USS Monitor. Ntchito yathu imaphatikizapo kuwunika kwachiwopsezo cha malo olowa m'mphepete mwa nyanja, zolemba zadzidzidzi, ndi njira zowongolera zomwe zimaphatikiza zonse zachilengedwe komanso zachikhalidwe, ndi mgwirizano wapakatikati ndi madera achikhalidwe omwe ali ndi chidziwitso chachikhalidwe, chokumbukira kukumbukira njira zakusamukira m'mphepete mwa nyanja ndi magombe omira.

Sea Ice Retreat ndi Polar Heritage

Ma icebergs aku Iceland m'madzi obiriwira ojambulidwa ndi Caio Cezar.

Kubwerera kwa madzi oundana m'mphepete mwa nyanja kumayambitsa chiwopsezo ku chikhalidwe cha Arctic. Malo ofukula mabwinja a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ali pachiwopsezo chowonongeka ndi mphepo yamkuntho pamene madzi oundana oteteza nyengo yachisanu akutha ndipo permafrost imasungunuka. Njira zachikhalidwe zodutsa pamtunda ndi madzi zikutsekeka kapena kutayika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa malo. Timathandizira magulu ofukula zinthu mwachangu, kuyang'anira anthu ammudzi ndi omwe ali ndi chidziwitso, komanso mgwirizano wapadziko lonse woteteza cholowa cha polar kudzera mu Arctic Council ndi Antarctic Treaty systems.

High Seas Heritage Protection

Madera otseguka a m'nyanja omwe ali kunja kwa madzi amtundu uliwonse amadziwika kuti nyanja zazikulu. Kwa zaka zambiri takhala tikulimbikitsa kuphatikizira kulingalira kwa UCH mu kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka nyanja zam'nyanja zomwe zikubwera kuphatikizapo kuphatikizana komveka bwino pakupanga malamulo a migodi yakuya kudzera mu International Seabed Authority. Posachedwapa tapereka thandizo lalikulu kumaphunziro am'nyanja m'buku lotseguka ili Zowopsa ku Cholowa Chathu cha Nyanja: Migodi Yambiri Yam'nyanja (Springer, 2025) (kuphatikiza ziwopsezo zochokera ku PPWs zomwe zafotokozedwanso m'buku lotseguka ili Zowopsa ku Cholowa Chathu Chapanyanja: Zowonongeka Zomwe Zingathe Kuipitsa (Springer, 2024).

Mu 2025, tinali okondwa pamene dziko la Morocco linakhala dziko la 60 kuvomereza Pangano la Pangano la Pangano la Dziko Lonse la Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction (BBNJ). Pangano la High Seas Treaty, monga limadziwikira, limapereka zida zoyendetsera ntchito za Area-Based Management Tools (ABMTs), kuphatikiza Madera Otetezedwa M'madzi ndi Kuwunika kwa Impact Yachilengedwe, kuteteza zamoyo zosiyanasiyana zapanyanja. Zimaperekanso mwayi watsopano wophatikiza chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe kukhala njira yowonjezereka yosamalira nyanja. Timalimbikitsa makamaka kuganiziridwa kwa chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha m'nyanja potchula Madera Otetezedwa M'madzi komanso mu Mayeso a Impact Environmental m'madera omwe ali kunja kwa dziko. Izi zikuphatikizanso kukumbukira kukumbukira akapolo omwe adatengedwa kupita ku America ngati anthu akapolo, ndikufotokozera za Middle Passage, monga momwe adalimbikitsidwira ndi Yunivesite ya Duke kudzera pamapu amaliboni ndi kafukufuku kuti apeze malo owoneka bwino omwe zombo zidatayika panyanja. (PJ Turner, ndi. al., Kukumbukira Middle Passage panyanja ya Atlantic ku Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction, Vol 122, Marine Policy, Disembala 2020)

Kukhazikitsa Kwachigawo

Tikukhazikitsa mapulogalamu oyesa ku Caribbean, mayiko a Pacific Island (kuphatikiza Chuuk, Palau, Solomon Islands, ndi Samoa/American Samoa), zigawo za Arctic, ndi madera a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ku Europe (kuphatikiza Baltic ndi Black Seas), tikupanga mitundu yofananiranso yosungira zolowa zomwe zitha kufalikira padziko lonse lapansi.

Chithunzi Chachikulu

Malo odziwika bwino a m'madzi padziko lonse lapansi akukumana ndi zoopsa zomwe sizinachitikepo chifukwa cha kusintha kwa nyengo, kudyeredwa masuku pamutu, komanso kuphwanya malamulo. Ocean acidification imathandizira kuwonongeka kwa zitsulo zosweka ngalawa ndi zinthu zopangidwa ndi calcium monga mbiya. Kukwera kwa madzi a m’nyanja kukuwopseza malo ofukula zinthu zakale a m’mphepete mwa nyanja. Ntchito zamigodi m'nyanja zakuya zitha kuwononga chikhalidwe cha pansi pa madzi ndikuwononganso nyama ndi zomera zapansi pa nyanja. Zida zosaphulika zochokera kumagulu ankhondo zimabweretsa zoopsa ku zachilengedwe zam'madzi komanso malo azikhalidwe.

Bungwe la Ocean Heritage Initiative limathana ndi zovuta izi pankhani yachitetezo cha nyanja komanso kupirira kwanyengo. Ntchito yathu imathandizira ku UN Sustainable Development Goal 14 (Moyo Pansi pa Madzi) ndikuthandizira zaka khumi za UN za Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Pophatikiza mfundo za chikhalidwe cha chikhalidwe cha anthu m'makonzedwe apanyanja, madera otetezedwa a m'nyanja, kuunika kwa chilengedwe, ndi njira zosinthira nyengo, tikupanga malingaliro atsopano okhudza kayendetsedwe ka nyanja.

Ntchitoyi ikugwirizana ndi mbiri yomwe The Ocean Foundation inakhazikitsa poteteza nyanja, kuyambira 2002, ndipo imayambitsa njira zatsopano zotetezera cholowa chathu chogawana nawo m'mibadwo yamtsogolo. Masomphenya athu anthawi yayitali ndikukhazikitsa The Ocean Foundation ngati mtsogoleri wapadziko lonse lapansi pakusunga cholowa chanyanja ndikupanga malingaliro atsopano olimba padziko lonse lapansi omwe amateteza chikhalidwe chathu komanso malo am'madzi kwa mibadwo yamtsogolo.

Gulu Lathu Lautsogoleri ndi Alangizi

  • Mark J. Spalding, JD, MPIA. - Purezidenti wa The Ocean Foundation kuyambira 2003, mpainiya wophatikizira zosungirako zolowa m'nyanja, katswiri pazamalamulo apadziko lonse lapansi, zamalamulo, zachifundo, komanso zachuma. Mtsogoleri wina Project TANGAROA.
  • Simon Burnay M.Eng, SCR - CEO ku Waves Group Ltd, Naval Architect komanso katswiri wofufuza ndi kuyang'anira ngozi za m'madzi, kuchotsa zowonongeka ndi kuyang'anira PPW. Mtsogoleri wina Project TANGAROA.
  • Michael Brennan, Ph.D. - Mlangizi wamkulu; ofukula zinthu zakale zam'madzi, zamadzimadzi zam'madzi, ndi zakuthambo, akatswiri azachikhalidwe chapansi pamadzi komanso momwe chilengedwe chimakhudzira malo akale.
  • James P. Delgado, Ph.D. - Senior Advisor, Ocean Heritage, yemwe kale anali Mtsogoleri wa NOAA Maritime Heritage Program ndi US National Park Service Maritime Heritage Programme, omwe amadziwika kuti ndi katswiri wotsogola pa chikhalidwe cha pansi pa madzi.
  • Ben Ferrari, Ph.D. - Mtsogoleri wa PPWs Project; wagwira ntchito pa kayendetsedwe ka chikhalidwe chokhazikika padziko lonse lapansi ndipo wayimira UK ngati katswiri ku European Commission ndi Council of Europe. Iye adayambitsa nawo gulu lopambana mphoto la SCAPE Trust.
  • Cathy Green - Mlangizi; Mtsogoleri wamkulu wa National Maritime Historical Society; Mtsogoleri wakale wa Wisconsin Maritime Museum ndi wogwira ntchito ku NOAA.
  • Stéphane Lataxgue - PPWs ndi UXO France Advisor.
  • Charlotte Jarvis - Mtsogoleri ndi Mkonzi wa Pulojekiti, Zowopseza mndandanda wa mabuku athu a Ocean Heritage; Meyjes Scientific Researcher ku Het Scheepvaartmuseum; MSc mu Nautical Archaeology kuchokera ku Texas A&M University; Katswiri wophatikizira zolowa zachikhalidwe m'ndondomeko yotetezedwa m'madzi.
  • Danielle Jolie, JD - Woyang'anira Pulogalamu ya Ocean Heritage; imayang'anira mgwirizano wapadziko lonse lapansi ndikuchitapo kanthu kwa omwe akukhudzidwa kuti achite nawo njira zophatikizira zosunga zolowa
  • Lincoln Paine - Wolemba mbiri wapanyanja komanso katswiri wazomera zachikhalidwe.
  • Hans Van Tilburg - waphunzitsa ku yunivesite ya Hawai'i ndipo adagwira ntchito ngati ofukula zam'madzi / wolemba mbiri yakale wa NOAA, komanso pulogalamu ya chikhalidwe cha UNESCO ndi maphunziro a Underwater Cultural Heritage Foundation. Amakhalabe ndi Komiti Yapadziko Lonse ya ICOMOS pa UCH, msonkhano wa Asia Pacific UCH, ndi Ocean Foundation. 
  • Ole Varmer, JD. - Mlangizi wamkulu wazamalamulo, Ocean Heritage; 30+ zaka zambiri pa NOAA / Commerce; Ulamuliro wotsogola pa Lamulo la Nyanja, malamulo apadziko lonse lapansi achilengedwe, malamulo a chikhalidwe cha pansi pamadzi, madera otetezedwa am'madzi, komanso kukonza malo am'madzi.

Resources

Nkhani ndi Zothandizira

Zofalitsa Zofunika Kwambiri

Zogwirizana ndi Ocean Foundation Initiatives

Mbiri Yakale

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