Yechitatu Yegore reBP Deepwater Horizon Oiri Kuparara

NaCynthia Sarthou, Executive Director, Gulf Restoration Network uye
Bethany Kraft, Mutungamiriri, Gulf Restoration Program, Ocean Conservancy

Dambudziko reBP Deepwater Horizon rekuteuka kwemafuta rakakanganisa zvakanyanya zvikamu zveGulf ecosystem pamwe nehupfumi hwedunhu nenharaunda. Kukuvadzwa uku, zvisinei, kwakaitika pakatarisana nemamiriro emakumi emakore-akareba matambudziko kubva pakurasikirwa uye kuparara kwenzvimbo dzine mvura uye zvitsuwa zvinodzivirira zviri pamhenderekedzo yegungwa kusvika pakuumbwa kwe "nzvimbo dzakafa" muNorthern Gulf kusvika pakuredza hove nekurasikirwa nekugadzirwa kwehove, tisingatauri kukuvadzwa kubva. madutu akanyanya uye anowanzoitika. Njodzi yeBP yakakonzera kudanwa kwenyika kuita chiito kuti ienderere mberi kwezvakakanganiswa nekuputika uye kugadzirisa kuderedzwa kwenguva refu kwakaitika munharaunda.

Barataria Bay, LA

Pasinei nematambudziko akawanda anotarisana nenharaunda, Gulf ecosystem inoramba iri nzvimbo yezvizhinji zvinoshamisa, kushanda sejini yehupfumi yenyika yose. Iyo GDP ye5 Gulf nyika dzakasanganiswa ingave yechinomwe hupfumi hukuru pasi rose, ichiuya pamadhora mazana maviri nemazana matatu emadhora pagore. Inopfuura chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chezvokudya zvegungwa zvakabatwa munzvimbo dzakaderera 7 zvinobva kuGulf. Iyi dunhu isimba remagetsi pamwe nebhasiketi remashiripiti renyika. Izvi zvinoreva kuti nyika yese ine chikamu mukudzoreredzwa kwedunhu.

Sezvo isu tichipfuura chirangaridzo chemakore matatu chekuputika kwakatora hupenyu hwevarume gumi nemumwe, BP haisati yaita chisungo chayo chekudzorera Gulf ecosystem kune hutano. Sezvo isu tichishanda kune kudzoreredza kwakazara, isu tinofanirwa kugadzirisa zvese kupfupi- uye kwenguva refu kukuvadzwa munzvimbo nhatu dzinokosha: nzvimbo dzemahombekombe, zviwanikwa zvemvura yebhuruu uye nharaunda dzemahombekombe. Hunhu hwakabatana hwezviwanikwa zveGulf zvemahombekombe uye zvemugungwa, zvakasanganiswa nenyaya yekuti zvinonetsa kwezvakatipoteredza zvine chekuita nezviitiko zvepasi-nemunyanza, fambisa nzira yezvekudzoreredza yenzvimbo uye yenzvimbo.

Mhedziso yeBP mafuta njodzi kukanganisa

Elmer's Island, LA

Iyo BP Disaster ndiyo huru yekunyomba zviwanikwa zveGulf. Mamirioni emarita emafuta uye anoparadzira akaiswa muGulf panguva yenjodzi. Anopfuura maeka chiuru emhenderekedzo yegungwa akanga aine utachiona. Nhasi, oiri iri kuramba ichikwira pamazana emaeka emahombekombe kubva kuLouisiana kusvika kuFlorida.

Iyo iripo data yesainzi inoratidza kuti Gulf yakakanganiswa nenjodzi. Somuenzaniso, kubva muna Mbudzi 2010 kusvika Kurume 24, 2013, 669 cetaceans, kunyanya ma dolphin, vakabatikana - 104 kubva Ndira 1, 2013. Kubva Mbudzi 2010 kusvika Kukadzi 2011, 1146 turtles, 609 dzadzo dzakafa, dzakasungwa nekaviri- rates. Pamusoro pezvo, huwandu hwepamusoro hweSnapper tsvuku, hove yakakosha yekuvaraidza uye yekutengesa, ine maronda uye kukuvadzwa kwenhengo, iyo Gulf killifish (aka cocahoe minnow) ine kukuvara kwegill uye kuderedzwa kusimba kwekubereka, uye yakadzika makorari akakuvadzwa kana kufa-zvese zvinoenderana nedanho rakaderera. chepfu kuratidzwa.

Mushure menjodzi iyi, nhengo dzenharaunda yeGulf NGO, inomiririra anopfuura makumi mashanu masangano ekubata hove, nharaunda nekuchengetedza, vakaungana kuti vaumbe mubatanidzwa wakasununguka unozivikanwa se "Gulf Future." Coalition yakagadzira Mavhiki Bay Misimboti yeGulf Recovery, uye the Gulf Future Unified Action Plan yehutano Gulf. Zvose Nheyo neChirongwa Chekuita zvinotarisa pane 4 nzvimbo dze: (1) kudzorerwa kwemahombekombe; (2) kudzorerwa kwegungwa; (3) kudzorerwa kwenharaunda uye kusimba; uye (4) hutano hwevanhu. Zvazvino zvinonetsa zveGulf Future mapoka zvinosanganisira:

• Kushaikwa kwekujeka mukusarudzwa kwemapurojekiti ekudzorera neHurumende neFederal agency;
• Kudzvinyirirwa kuri kuitwa nezvido zvehurumende uye zvemuno kushandisa RESTORE Act mari pa “chinyakare kusimudzira upfumi” (migwagwa, nzvimbo dzemagungano, nezvimwewo;
• Kukundikana kwemasangano kushanda nenharaunda dzenharaunda kugadzira mabasa emunharaunda kune vanhu vakakanganiswa; uye,
• Kusakwana kuita kuti kuve nechokwadi, kuburikidza nemutemo kana mutemo, kuti njodzi yakafanana haizoitike mune ramangwana.

Mapoka eGulf Future anoona kuti mabhiriyoni emadhora emufaindi weBP ari kuuya mudunhu rino kuburikidza neRESTORE Act kamwe chete muhupenyu mukana wekuvaka Gulf yakasimba uye yakasimba kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.

Kuronga kosi yeramangwana

Yakapfuura muna Chikunguru we2012, iyo RESTORE ACT inogadzira homwe yekuvimba iyo inotungamira chikamu chakakosha cheYakachena Water Act mari yakabhadharwa neBP nemamwe mapato ane mutoro kuti ashandiswe kudzoreredza Gulf ecosystem. Aka ndekekutanga kuti mari yakawanda kudaro ishandiswe kudzorera nharaunda yeGulf, asi basa racho harisati rapera.

Kunyangwe kugadzirisa neTransocean kuchatungamira mari yekutanga muhomwe yekuvimba yekudzoreredza, muyedzo weBP uchiri kuenderera mberi muNew Orleans, pasina magumo. Kunze kwekunge uye kusvika BP yagamuchira mutoro wakazara, zviwanikwa zvedu nevanhu vanovimba nazvo havazokwanisi kupora zvizere. Zviri kwatiri tose kuti tirambe takashinga uye tirambe tichishanda mukudzoreredza chiri chokwadi chimwe chepfuma yenyika.

Chinyorwa chekutevera: Tiri Kufuratira Iyo Yakanyanya Kukosha Sayenzi Nezve Gulf Spill?