Chivimbo Cheruzhinji, Chitsidzo kune Vachauya vekuAmerica

Mune memo kuMutungamiri Trump, Secretary of the Interior Ryan Zinke akakurudzira kuderedza zvitanhatu zvezviyeuchidzo zvedu zvenyika, uye kuita shanduko yehutungamiri yezviyeuchidzo zvina zvenyika. Zvitatu zvezvakakanganisika zviyeuchidzo zvenyika zvinodzivirira nzvimbo dzakakosha mumvura yeUS. Idzi inzvimbo dzemugungwa ndedzevanhu vese vekuAmerica uye dzakabatwa mumaoko ehurumende yedu yemubatanidzwa sechivimbo cheveruzhinji kuitira kuti nzvimbo dzakajairika uye zviwanikwa zvakajairika zvichengetedzwe kune vese, uye kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Kwemakumi emakore, Vatungamiri veUS kubva kumapato ese vakazivisa zviyeuchidzo zvenyika vakamiririra vanhu vese vekuAmerica uye hapana kana Mutungamiriri mumwe chete akambofunga kupidigura magwaro akaitwa nevatungamiriri vekare.

Pakutanga gore rino, Munyori Zinke akazivisa kuti zvimwe zviyeuchidzo kubva mumakumi emakore apfuura zvichaongororwa zvisati zvamboitika, zvizere nenguva yekutaura kwevanhu. Uye mukomana akapindura veruzhinji- zviuru zvemashoko zvakadururwa mukati, mazhinji acho achiziva nhaka inoshamisa yepasi negungwa iyo yakachengetedzwa nePresident.

Semuyenzaniso, Mutungamiri George W. Bush vakasarudza kuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweHawaiian Islands sechikamu chemugungwa remugungwa rinonzi Papahānaumokuākea muna 2009. Muna 2014, zvichibva pakurudziro yenyanzvi uye kubvunzana nevakakosha vane chekuita, ichi chiyeuchidzo chekuHawaii chakawedzerwa naPresident Obama muna 2014. Nokuti vese maPresident, chinhu chakakosha chaive kuganhurira hove dzekutengesa mukati mezvivakwa-kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzinokosha dzekugara uye kupa hutiziro kune zvisikwa zvese zvemugungwa.   

Papahānaumokuākea inzvimbo tsvene yezvipenyu zvakawanda, kusanganisira mhuka dziri mungozi dzakadai seblue whales, short-tailed albatrosses, turtles dzegungwa, uye yekupedzisira Hawaiian monk seals. Iyo monument imusha kune mamwe ekumusoro-soro uye ane hutano hwemakorari emakorari, anoonekwa pakati peanogona kurarama mumvura inodziya yegungwa. Makomo egungwa uye zvitsuwa zvakanyura zvemvura yaro yakadzika zvinogarwa nemhando dzinopfuura 7,000, kusanganisira mhuka dzekare paPasi-makorari matema akararama kwemakore anopfuura 4,000.   Maererano neNational Geographic, “Pazvose, chikamu chimwe muzvina chezvisikwa zvinogara mushongwe yacho hachiwaniki kune imwe nzvimbo. Zvimwe zvakawanda hazvisati zvazivikanwa—zvakadai sekapukanana kakachena, kachangobva kuwanwa, kanonzi masayendisiti anonzi Casper.” 

Kuitira kuti zvisikwa izvi zvinokosha (nereef nedzimwe gadziriro dzavanogara) zvisakuvadzwa netsaona nokuredza zvokutengeserana nezvimwe zvinhu zvokuwedzera, chibvumirano chakabvumiranwa chakabvumira vabati vehove vanobva kuKauai neNiihau kuti varambe vachishandisa nzvimbo dzavo dzokuredza dzechinyakare. mukati meExclusive Economic Zone, asi kurambidzwa kubva kune dzimwe nzvimbo dzisina njodzi. Zvakadaro, yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumadokero kweHawaiian Islands monument (Papahānaumokuākea), Secretary Zinke akakurudzira kuvhurazve nzvimbo yekuredza hove uye kuderedza ukuru hwayo nekushandura miganhu yayo.

Chimwe chiyeuchidzo icho Munyori Zinke akakurudzira kuti adzivirirwe kuderedzwa inzvimbo yeAmerican Samoa inonzi Rose Atoll, iyo yakagadzirwawo neMutungamiri Bush mukutanga kwe2009. Inenge 10,156 square nautical miles of marine ecosystem paRose Atoll yakachengetedzwa seimwe yevana Marine National. Zviyeuchidzo zvinotenderera muPacific zvinochengetedza zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana zvemugungwa uye mamirioni emhuka dzesango dzinotsamira pa Central Pacific, maererano neUS Fish & Wildlife Service. Muchiitiko ichi, Munyori weMutungamiriri wenyika, VaTrump, vari kukurudzira kudzika miganhu yechiyeuchidzo ichi, uye zvakare kubvumira kubata hove kwekutengesa.

Chechitatu, Northeast Canyons uye Seamounts Marine National Monument yakagadzirwa neMutungamiri Obama muna 2016 zvichitevera makore ekubvunzana nenyanzvi dzemarudzi ese. Nzvimbo yakafukidzwa nechivako chitsva, chinogumira kumucheto kwenzvimbo yakasarudzika yehupfumi, mamaira mazana maviri kubva pasi, inozivikanwa nekuwanda kunoshamisa kwezvipenyu uye nzvimbo dzekugara dzakachena mumhando dzakasiyana dzetembiricha nekudzika. Masperm whale ekuNorth Atlantic ari mungozi anofura pedyo nepamusoro pemvura. Makoni akazadzwa nebranching bamboo corals akakura kunge magym emusango. 

Chimwe chikamu cheichi chiyeuchidzo chinomhanya kumucheto kwesherufu yekondinendi, kuchengetedza makoni makuru matatu. Madziro egoronga akafukidzwa nekorari dzemvura yakadzika, anemones, uye sponge “zvinoita sokufamba mubindu raDr. Seuss,” akadaro Peter Auster, mukuru wekutsvagisa sainzi paMystic Aquarium uye purofesa wekutsvagisa ari kubuda paYunivhesiti yeConnecticut.  

Bear, Retriever, Physalia, uye Mytilus ndiwo mana egungwa anodzivirirwa kumaodzanyemba kwesherufu yekondinendi, uko pasi pegungwa rinonyura mugomba rakadzika-dzika. Rinokwira mamita anopfuura 7,000 XNUMX kubva pasi pegungwa, iwo makomo ekare akaumbwa zana remamiriyoni apfuura neamwechete anopisa magma akagadzira New Hampshire's White Mountains.   

Mutungamiri VaObama vakaita musiyano wekutengesa gakanje dzvuku nehove dzeAmerican lobster mukati mechiyeuchidzo ichi, uye Secretary Zinke anoshuvira kuvhura iyo yakazara kune ese marudzi ehove dzekutengesa.

Idzo shanduko dzakarongwa dzezviyeuchidzo zvenyika dzakataurwa naSecretary dzichapikiswa zvine hukasha mudare sekutyora mutemo negwara rine chekuita nesarudzo dzemutungamiri wenyika nesimba. Vachapikiswawo zvakanyanya nekutyora ruzhinji rucharatidzwa kuburikidza nemaitiro eruzhinji panguva yekusarudzwa kwavo uye muongororo yeZinke. Tinogona chete kutarisira kuti dziviriro, kune idzi nzvimbo diki dzemvura yedu yese yenyika dzinogona kuchengetedzwa nekushandisa mutemo wemutemo.

Kwemakore, nharaunda yezvekuchengetedza yanga ichitungamira kuyedza kuona uye kuisa parutivi chikamu chine mwero chemvura yedu yegungwa senzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa, dzimwe dzacho chete dzisingabatanidzi hove dzekutengesa. Isu tinoona izvi sezvinodiwa, pragmatic, uye precautionary. Zvinoenderana nezvinangwa zvepasirese, kuvimbisa hupenyu hwemugungwa hwakasimba iko zvino uye kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera.

Zvakadai, kurudziro yeMunyori Zinke haisi kuenderana nekunzwisisa kwakadzama kweruzhinji rweAmerica nezvekukosha kwekuchengetedza nyika nemvura kuzvizvarwa zvinotevera. Veruzhinji vekuAmerica vanonzwisisa kuti kushandura mazita aya kunokanganisa kugona kweUnited States kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekuchengetedza chikafu kune zvizvarwa zvinotevera nekubvisa dziviriro dzinotarisirwa kudzoreredza nekuwedzera goho kuhove dzekutengesa, kubata hove, nekubata hove.

Iyo Ocean Foundation yagara ichitenda kuti kuchengetedza hutano hwegungwa uye zvisikwa zvaro chinhu chisiri chebato, chepasirese. Kugadziridzwa kwehurongwa hwekutarisira chimwe nechimwe chezviyeuchidzo izvi hakuna kukwana, uye kunobvumira kuti veruzhinji vapiwe pfungwa mukati mezvimiro zvechiziviso chemutungamiri wenyika. Hazvina kuita sekunge Mutungamiriri wese kubva kuna Theodore Roosevelt kuenda kuBarack Obama akagadzira chiyeuchidzo akamuka mamwe mangwanani uye akafunga kuita kudaro pakudya kwemangwanani. Kufanana nevakavatangira, Mutungamiri Bush naMutungamiri Obama vese vakaita hunyanzvi hwakanyanya vasati vaita mazita aya. Zviuru zvevanhu zvakabvumira Munyori Zinke kuziva kukosha kwezviyeuchidzo zvenyika kwavari.

TOF Board of Advisors nhengo Dr. Sylvia Earle akaiswa mumagazini yeGunyana 18 Time nekuda kwehutungamiriri hwake pasainzi yegungwa uye kudzivirira kwegungwa. Akataura kuti tinofanira kudzivirira zvizere zvikamu zvikuru zvegungwa kuitira kuti titsigire basa regungwa rinoramba richipa upenyu.

Tinoziva kuti munhu wese ane hany'a negungwa uye hutano hwaro anonzwisisa kuti tinofanira kusetera nzvimbo dzakakosha dzekuchengetedza hupenyu hwemugungwa, uye kubvumidza matunhu aya kuti aenderane nekuchinja kwekemikari yemugungwa, tembiricha, uye kudzika nekukanganisika kushoma kubva kumabasa evanhu. Wese ane hany'a anofanirwa kunge achibata hutungamiriri hwenyika yedu pamatanho ese kudzivirira zviyeuchidzo zvenyika sezvazvakasikwa. Vatungamiri vedu vekare vanokodzera kuti nhaka yavo idzivirire-uye vazukuru vedu vanozobatsirwa nekuona kwavo mberi neuchenjeri mukudzivirira zviwanikwa zvedu zveveruzhinji.