Enda Wakakura kana Enda Kumba

Zvibvumirano zvenyika dzakawanda zvinokoshesa nhamburiko dzokudzivirira utano noutano hwezvipenyu zvose pasi pano—kubva kukodzero dzevanhu kusvika kumarudzi ari mungozi yokutsakatika—marudzi enyika aungana kuti aone kuti chinangwa ichocho chingaita sei. 

Kwenguva refu ikozvino, masayendisiti nevanochengetedza kuchengetedza vakaziva kuti nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemugungwa dzinoita basa rakakosha mukusimudzira kudzoreredzwa uye kubereka kwehupenyu mugungwa. Yakanyatsogadzirirwa nzvimbo dzinochengeterwa mawhale, ma dolphin nedzimwe mhuka dzemugungwa, dzinozivikanwawo senzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzinoyamwisa (MMPAs) dzinoita izvi chaizvo. Manetiweki eMMPA anovimbisa kuti nzvimbo dzakanyanya kukosha dzadzivirirwa kuwhale, ma dolphin, manatee etc. Kazhinji, idzi ndidzo nzvimbo dzinoberekesa, kubereka uye kudyisa.

Mutambi akakosha mukuedza uku kuchengetedza nzvimbo dzinokosha kumhuka dzemugungwa iDare Renyika Dzepasi Pose reNzvimbo Dzinochengeterwa Dziviriro Inoyamwisa. Iri boka risina kurongeka renyanzvi dzepasirese (masainzi, mamaneja, maNGO, masangano nezvimwewo) rinoumba nharaunda yakazvipira kuita nzira dzakanakisa dzakanangana neMMPAs. Kurudziro dzakakosha uye dzinosvika kure dzakabva pazvisungo zveimwe neimwe yemisangano mina yeKomiti, kusanganisira Hawaii (2009), Martinique (2011), Australia (2014) uye nguva pfupi yadarika Mexico. Uye mazhinji maMMPA akagadzwa semhedzisiro.

Asi zvakadini nekuchengetedzwa kwemhuka dzemugungwa padzinenge dzichipfuura kana kutama pakati penzvimbo dzakaoma idzodzo?

Uyu ndiwo mubvunzo wakaumba pfungwa iri pamwoyo wedenho yangu yekuvhura kune avo vakaungana kuMusangano wechina wepasi rose weNzvimbo Dzakadzivirirwa dzeMammal, wakaitirwa muPuerto Vallarta, Mexico svondo raMbudzi 4, 14.

Kuburikidza nechibvumirano chepasirese, zvikepe zvehondo zvekunze zvinogona kupfuura nemumvura yenyika pasina dambudziko kana kukuvadza kana vari kufamba vasina mhosva. Uye, ndinofunga isu tose tinogona kubvumirana kuti whales nema dolphin vari kugadzira ndima isina mhosva kana paine ari.

Chimiro chakafanana chiripo chekutengesa kwekutengesa. Kupfuura nemumvura yenyika kunobvumirwa pasi pemimwe mirau uye zvibvumirano zvinobata maitiro evanhu zvine chekuita nekuchengeteka uye nharaunda. Uye pane kazhinji kubvumirana kuti ibasa revanhu rakaungana kuita kuti ngarava dzifambe zvakachengeteka. Tinogadzirisa sei hunhu hwedu hwevanhu kuti tive nechokwadi chekufamba kwakachengeteka uye nharaunda ine hutano kune mawhale anofamba nemumvura yenyika? Tingati ibasawo here?

Apo vanhu vanopfuura nomumvura dzorudzi rwenyika ipi neipi, kungava nzira isina mhaka yezvikepe zvehondo zvisingapanduki, ngarava dzezvokutengeserana, kana kuti ngarava dzokutandara, hatigoni kuvapfura, kuvarwisa, kuvasunga ndokuvapinza mungozi, uyewo hatigoni kuvapfura zvokudya zvavo, mvura kana mhepo. Asi izvi ndizvo zvinhu, zvese netsaona uye nemaune, zvinoitika kumhuka dzemugungwa dzinogona kunge dzisina mhosva pane dzinopfuura nemumvura yedu. Saka tingamira sei?

Mhinduro? A continental scale proposal! Iyo Ocean Foundation, iyo International Fund for Animal Welfare nevamwe vanobatana vanotsvaga kuchengetedza mvura yemahombekombe yehemisphere yese kuti ifambe yakachengeteka yemhuka dzemugungwa. Tiri kukurudzira kudomwa kwemakoridho ezvipfuyo zvemugungwa "nzira yakachengeteka" iyo inogona kubatanidza network yedu yekondinendi yenzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa dzemhuka dzemugungwa kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza mhuka dzemugungwa. Kubva kuGlacier Bay kuenda kuTierra del Fuego uye kubva kuNova Scotia kudzika kumhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva kweUnited States, nomuCaribbean, uye kudzika kusvika kumucheto chaiko kweSouth America, tinoona mikoto miviri—yakatsvakurudzwa nokungwarira, yakagadzirwa, uye yakarongwa—iyo. kuziva “nzira isina ngozi” ye<em>blue whale, humpback whale, sperm whale, uye akawanda emamwe marudzi emawhale nemadolphin, uye kunyange manatee. 

Sezvatakanga takagara mukamuri remusangano risina mafafitera muPuerto Vallarta, takatsanangura mamwe matanho anotevera ekuwana chiono chedu. Takatamba nemazano ekuti tingadoma sei hurongwa hwedu tikapedzisira tawirirana 'Zvakanaka, mikoto miviri mumakungwa maviri. Kana kuti, makoridho maviri mumahombekombe maviri. Uye nekudaro, inogona kunge iri 2 Coasts 2 Corridors. "

Kugadzira mikoto miviri iyi inopindirana, kubatanidza uye kuwedzera pane dzakawanda dziripo dzezvipfuyo zvemugungwa uye dziviriro mune ino hemisphere. Ichabatanidza dziviriro yeMarine Mammal Protection Act muUSA kune network yenzvimbo dzinochengeterwa matunhu nekuzadza maburi emukoto wemugungwa unotama.

Izvi zvichabvumira zviri nani nharaunda yedu yekudzidzira kukudziridza zvirongwa zvakafanana uye zvirongwa zvine chekuita nekusimudzira uye manejimendi enzvimbo dzezvipfuyo zvemugungwa, zvinosanganisira kuongorora, kusimudza ruzivo, kuvaka kugona uye kutaurirana, pamwe nekutarisira pasi-pasi uye maitiro. Izvi zvinofanirwa kubatsira kusimbisa kushanda kwemaitiro ekutungamira kwenzvimbo tsvene nekuitwa kwayo. Uye, kudzidza kwemaitiro emhuka panguva yekutama, pamwe nekunzwisisa zvirinani kumanikidzwa kwevanhu uye kutyisidzira kunotarisana nemhando idzi panguva yekutama kwakadaro.

Isu tichamepu mikoridho uye toona pane mikaha yekudzivirira. Zvadaro, tichakurudzira hurumende kuti dzitore maitiro akanakisa mukutonga kwegungwa, mutemo uye mutemo (kutonga kwezviitiko zvevanhu) zvine chekuita nemhuka dzemugungwa kuti dzipe kuwirirana kwevatambi vakasiyana siyana uye zvido mukati memvura yenyika uye Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction inoenderana nemikoto isu. ichatsanangura. 

Tinoziva kuti tine marudzi akawanda emhuka dzemugungwa dzakagoverwa munzvimbo ino. Chatinoshayiwa kuchengetedzwa kwemiganhu yezvidhori uye zvinotyisidzira mhuka dzemugungwa. Neraki, isu tine dziviriro iripo uye nzvimbo dzakachengetedzwa. Nhungamiro dzekuzvidira uye zvibvumirano zvekudarika miganhu zvinogona kutsigira chikamu chikuru. Isu tine chido chezvematongerwo enyika uye rudo rweveruzhinji kumhuka dzemugungwa, pamwe nehunyanzvi uye kuzvipira kwevanhu vari munharaunda yeMMPA yekuita.  

2017 inocherekedza 45th Anniversary yeUS Marine Mammal Protection Act. 2018 ichacherekedza makore makumi matatu nemashanu kubvira patakamisa danho repasi rose rekutengesa whaling. 35 Coasts 2 Corridors ichada nhengo yese yenharaunda yedu rutsigiro panguva dzakasiyana panguva yekuita. Chinangwa chedu ndechekuti tive nemufambiro wakachengeteka wemawhale nema dolphin zvakasimba munzvimbo apo tinopemberera makore makumi mashanu.