Kuchengeta Track yePolar Bears

Dr. Andrew E. Derocher, vekuYunivhesiti yeAlberta, vanopihwa rubatsiro rweTOF Polar Seas Initiative iyo inotsigirwa nevanopa mumwe nemumwe uye vadyidzani vemakambani senge , que Bhokisi. Takatorana naDr. Derocher kuti tinzwe zvakawanda nezvebasa raari kuita uye kuti kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kuri kuita sei pamapere.

Zvakaita sei kudzidza polar bear?
Mamwe marudzi ari nyore kudzidza kupfuura mamwe uye polar bear haisi imwe yeakareruka. Zvinoenderana nekuti vanogara kupi, tingavaona here, uye kuti ndedzipi nzira dzatingashandisa. Polar bears vanogara munzvimbo dziri kure dzinotonhora uye dzinodhura zvakanyanya kuva. Kunyangwe zvipingamupinyi izvi, zvirongwa zvekutsvagisa zvenguva refu zvinoreva kuti tinoziva zvakawanda nezve polar bear uye zvakadaro isu tinogara takatarisa maturusi matsva uye akavandudzwa.

Ndeapi maturusi aunoshandisa?
Chimwe chinonakidza chiri kubuda chishandiso nzeve tag satellite yakabatana radios. Takashandisa satellite makora kwemakumi emakore kutarisa kushandiswa kwenzvimbo, kutama, kurarama, uye kuberekana, asi izvi zvinogona kushandiswa pavakadzi vakuru nekuti varume vakuru vane mitsipa yakafara kupfuura misoro yavo uye makora anotsvedza. Ear tag redhiyo (inenge huremu hwebhatiri reAA) kune rumwe rutivi, inogona kushandiswa pavarume nevakadzi uye inotipa kusvika kumwedzi mitanhatu yeruzivo rwenzvimbo. Kune mamwe ma parameter akakosha, senge mazuva akabheya anosiya odzokera kuvhu, aya ma tag anoshanda nemazvo. Vanotsanangura nguva yebere pa-nyika apo chando chegungwa chanyunguduka uye mapere anofamba kumahombekombe uye achivimba nemafuta awo akachengetwa kuti awane simba. Pane muganho wekuti mapere anogona kurarama kwenguva yakareba sei pasina chikafu uye nekutarisa nguva yechando-isina kubva kune polar bere maonero tinowana nzwisiso yakaoma yekuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iri kuvakanganisa sei.

Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisa sei maitiro e polar bear?
Dambudziko guru rinotarisana nemapere epolar kurasikirwa kwenzvimbo kunokonzerwa nekudziya muArctic. Kana nguva isina chando ichipfuura mazuva 180-200, mapere mazhinji anopedza mafuta ezvitoro uye achafa nenzara. Mabheya madiki uye akura ndiwo ari panjodzi.Munguva yechando yeArctic mabheya mazhinji epolar, kunze kweakadzi ane pamuviri, ari kunze kwegungwa achivhima zvisimbiso. Kuvhima kwakanakisisa kunoitika muchirimo apo zvisimbiso zvine mhete uye zvisimbiso zvendebvu zvinenge zvichiputika. Mazhinji evana naïve seal pups, uye vanaamai vari kuedza kuayamwisa, anopa hwindo remukana wekuti mapere akodze. Kumapere, mafuta ndipo paari. Kana iwe uchifunga nezvavo semafuta ekutsvaira, iwe uri pedyo nekunzwisisa kuti vanogara sei munzvimbo yakaoma kudaro. Zvisimbiso zvinotsamira pane yakakora blubber layer kuti igare ichidziya uye mapere anovimba nekudya iwo ane simba blubber kuti azvivakire ega zvitoro zvemafuta. Bere rinogona kudya kusvika 20% yehuremu hwemuviri waro mukudya kumwe chete uye pane izvo, vanopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe muzana vanoenda vakananga kumaseru avo emafuta kuti achengetwe kwenguva kana zvisimbiso zvisipo. Hapana bere repolar rakambotarisa kutarisika kwaro ndokufunga kuti “Ndanyanya kufuta”. Ndiko kupona kwezvakakora muArctic.

Madzimai ane pamuviri akaiswa mumakomba enguva yechando akamboisa mafuta akawandisa achivabvumira kurarama kusvika mwedzi misere vasina kuyamwisa panguva imwe chete vachisununguka nekuyamwisa vana vadzo. Mwana mumwe chete kana maviri madiki akaenzana neguinea pig anozvarwa zuva reGore Idzva. Kana chando chikakurumidza kunyunguduka, vanaamai vatsva ava havazove nenguva yakakwana yekuchengeta mafuta ezhizha rinouya. Polar bear cubs vanovimba nemukaka kubva kuna amai vavo kwemakore 2.5 uye nekuda kwekuti vari kukura nekukurumidza, vane mafuta mashoma akachengetwa. Amai ndivo safe net yavo.

Chii chaunoda kuti vanhu vazive nezvebasa rako?
Zvakaoma kuva bheya: husiku hunotonhora hwechando hunogara kwemwedzi yakawanda uye kugara paaizi yegungwa inopeperetswa nemhepo nemafungu. Chinhu ndechekuti, mapere akashanduka kuti agare ipapo uye mamiriro ari kuchinja. Kuwedzera terrestrial senge tateguru wavo ane grizzly bear haisi sarudzo. Kuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze kuri kubvisa nzvimbo yavakasimukira kuti vashandise. Tsvagiridzo yedu inobatsira kuti tinzwisise kuti mapere epolar ari kupindura sei kumamiriro ekudziya. Semifananidzo yeActictic, polar bears vasingazivi vave mhando yezvinyorwa zvekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze. Isu tine nguva yekushandura ramangwana rechando bere uye nekukurumidza isu kuita zvirinani. Ramangwana ravo rinoenderana nezvisarudzo zvatinoita nhasi.