Makiyi ekutora eIzvino IPCC Report

Musi waGunyana 25, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change yakaburitsa “Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate” (The Ocean and Ice Report) kuti itaure pamusoro pechinjo dzenyama dzakacherechedzwa kugungwa nezvimwe zvipenyu zvine hukama. Verenga nhepfenyuro yedu pano.

Mishumo yakazara uye ine hungwaru kubva kunharaunda yesainzi yakakosha uye inopa ruzivo rwakakosha nezvepasi redu uye izvo zviri mungozi. Iyo Ocean uye Ice Report inoratidza kuti zviitiko zvevanhu zvinokanganisa zvakanyanya gungwa uye zvakatokonzera shanduko isingadzoreki. Chirevo ichi chinotiyeuchidzawo nezvekubatana kwedu negungwa. PaThe Ocean Foundation, tinoziva zvakakosha kuti isu tese tisangonzwisisa chete kuti ndezvipi nyaya dzegungwa dziripo, asi kuti tinzwisisewo kuti mumwe nemumwe wedu anganatsa sei hutano hwemugungwa nekuita sarudzo dzekuziva. Tese tinogona kuita chimwe chinhu kupasi nhasi! 

Heano mamwe akakosha ekutora eOcean uye Ice Report. 

Kuchinja kwakangoerekana kwaitika hakudzivisiki mumakore zana anotevera nekuda kwekubuda kwekabhoni yevanhu kwatopinda mumhepo kubva kumotokari, ndege nemafekitori.

Gungwa rakatora kudarika 90% yekupisa kwakanyanya muhurongwa hwepasi kubva paIndustrial Revolution. Zvave kutotora zviuru zvemakore kuti aizi muAntarctica iumbe zvakare, uye kuwedzera acidification yegungwa kune chokwadi zvakare, zvichiwedzera mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze munzvimbo dzemahombekombe.

Kana tikasadzikisa kuburitswa izvozvi, kugona kwedu kuchinjika kuchadzivirirwa zvakanyanya mune ramangwana mamiriro. Verenga gwara redu kuti uderedze kabhoni tsoka yako kana uchida kudzidza zvakawanda uye kuita chikamu chako.

1.4 bhiriyoni vanhu parizvino vanogara munzvimbo dzinobatwa zvakananga nenjodzi uye njodzi dzekuchinja kwemamiriro egungwa, uye vachamanikidzwa kugadzirisa.

1.9 bhiriyoni vanhu vanogara mukati me100 Makiromita emahombekombe egungwa (inenge 28% yehuwandu hwepasirese), uye mahombekombe ndiwo matunhu ane vanhu vakawanda pasi rose. Idzi nzanga dzinoramba dzichifanira kuisa mari mukusikwa-kwakavakirwa buffering, pamwe nekuita kuti zvivakwa zvakavakwa zviwedzere kusimba. Hupfumi hwemahombekombe huri kukanganiswawo pasi rose - kubva pakutengeserana nekutakura, chikafu nemvura, kusimba rinodzoreredzwa, nezvimwe.

Tichaona mamiriro ekunze akanyanyisa kwemakore zana anotevera.

Gungwa rinoita basa rakakosha mukugadzirisa mamiriro ekunze uye mamiriro ekunze, uye mushumo unofanotaura mamwe machinjiro kubva pane zvatatoona izvozvi. Tichatarisira kuwedzera kupisa kwemugungwa, mafashamu emvura, zviitiko zvakanyanyisa zveEl Niño neLa Niña, madutu emusango, uye moto wemusango.

Zvivakwa zvevanhu nemararamiro zvichakanganiswa pasina kuchinjika.

Pamusoro pemamiriro ekunze akanyanyisa, kupindira kwemvura yemunyu uye mafashamo kunokanganisa zviwanikwa zvedu zvemvura yakachena uye zvivakwa zvemahombekombe zviripo. Ticharamba tichiona kuderera kwehove, uye kushanya uye kufamba zvichave zvishoma zvakare. Nzvimbo dzakakwirira dzine makomo dzichava nyore nyore kukuondomoka kwevhu, makoronga emvura, uye mafashamo, sezvo materu ari kuderera.

Kuderedza kukuvadzwa kwevanhu kugungwa uye cryosphere kunogona kuchengetedza hupfumi hwenyika inodarika bhiriyoni yemadhora pagore.

Kuderera kwehutano hwegungwa kunofungidzirwa kuti kuchaita $428 bhiriyoni pagore ne2050, uye ichakwira kusvika kumadhora madhora madhora 1.979 pagore kusvika 2100. Kune mashoma maindasitiri kana zvivakwa zvakavakwa zvisingazokanganiswe nekuchinja kwemangwana.

Zvinhu zviri kuitika nekukurumidza kupfuura zvaimbofanotaurwa.

Makore makumi matatu apfuura, IPCC yakaburitsa mushumo wayo wekutanga wakadzidza nezvegungwa uye cryosphere. Zviitiko zvakaita sekuona kukwira kwemvura yegungwa zvanga zvisingatarisirwi kuti zvionekwe muzana rimwe chete semushumo wepakutanga, zvakadaro, zviri kukura nekukurumidza kupfuura zvakafanotaurwa, pamwe chete nekupisa kwegungwa.

Zvipenyu zvakawanda zviri panjodzi yekuderera kwehuwandu hwevanhu uye kutsakatika.

Shanduko mumagariro ecosystem, senge acidization yegungwa uye kurasikirwa kweaizi yegungwa, zvakakonzera kuti mhuka dzitame uye dzichidyidzana nemagariro adzo nenzira itsva, uye zvakaonekwa zvichitora zviwanikwa zvekudya zvitsva. Kubva kune trout, kusvika kukittiwakes, kusvika kumakorari, kugadzirisa uye kuchengetedza matanho achasarudza kupona kwemarudzi akawanda.

Hurumende dzinofanira kuramba dzichiita basa mukuderedza njodzi.

Kubva mukudyidzana kwepasi rose kusvika kumhinduro dzenzvimbo, hurumende dzinofanirwa kuwedzera kuedza kwadzo mukusimba, kuve vatungamiriri mukucheka kuburitsa kabhoni, uye kuchengetedza nharaunda yavo kwete kuramba vachibvumira kushandiswa. Pasina kudzorwa kwakawedzerwa kwemhoteredzo, vanhu vachatamburira kuchinjira kuchinjo dzapasi.

Mazaya echando ari kunyunguduka munzvimbo dzemakomo marefu anokanganisa zviwanikwa zvemvura, maindasitiri ekushanya, uye kugadzikana kwenyika.

Kudziya kwepasi uye kunyunguduka zvachose kwemazaya echando kunoderedza manyuko emvura kuvanhu vanorarama nawo, zvose nokuda kwemvura yokunwa uye kutsigira kurima. Izvo zvakare zvichakanganisa ski mataundi anoenderana nekushanya, kunyanya nekuti mavhairasi uye kudonha kwevhu kungangoita kuwanda.

Kudzikamisa kwakachipa pane kuchinjika, uye kana tikamirira kwenguva yakareba kuti tiite, zvinodhura zvese zviri zviviri.

Kuchengetedza nekuchengetedza zvatinazvo inzira iri nyore uye inokwanisika pane kuchinjika kune ramangwana shanduko kana dzaitika. Coastal blue carbon ecosystems, senge mangroves, machakwi emunyu uye uswa hwegungwa, zvinogona kubatsira kudzikisa njodzi nekukanganisa kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, nezvakawanda zvinobatsira. Kudzoreredza nekuchengetedza nzvimbo dzedu dzemvura dziri mumahombekombe, kurambidza kucherwa kwemvura yakadzika, uye kuderedza kuburitswa kwegasi rinopisa inzira nhatu dzatingashandura nadzo mamiriro akaita zvinhu. Chirevo ichi chinopedzisawo kuti zviyero zvese zvichave zvakachipa, nekukasira uye neshungu zvakanyanya.

Kuti uwane mushumo uzere, enda ku https://www.ipcc.ch/srocc/home/.