Masters of Disguise

Kana zvasvika pakupona munyanza, dzimwe nguva dziviriro yakanakisa ndiyo yakanakisa kuvanza. Yakashongedzwa nereflexive chimiro uye shanduko yeruvara, zvisikwa zvemugungwa zvakawanda zvakashanduka kuita shasha dzecamouflage, zvichinyatsoenderana nenzvimbo dzazvo dzakasiyana dzakatenderedza.

Kune mhuka diki, kuchinjika kwakadaro kunoratidza kwakakosha kana zvasvika pakuvhiringa nekunzvenga zvingangoita zvikara. Zvimbi zvinopenya zveshato yemugungwa ine mashizha, semuenzaniso, inotaridzika zvakafanana nemusha wehove yemasora emugungwa, zvichiita kuti ivande nyore pachena.

Dzimwe mhuka dzemumvura dzinoshandisa kuvharidzira kukurira mhuka isingafungire, zvichipa vavhimi chinhu chekushamisika nekushomeka kwesimba. Tora semuenzaniso hove yegarwe. Yakafukidzwa nejecha repasi pegungwa rakabatana nemvura isina kudzika yecoral reef, hove yegarwe inorara yakamirira kwemaawa kuti ivandire gakanje riri kupfuura kana kuti minnow.

Kubva pakuchinja-chinja kwemuviri kusvika pakuchinja kwemavara echisikigo, zvisikwa zvemugungwa zvakanyatsogadzira dzimwe dzenzira dzakangwara dzekufambisa nekupona "kuuraya kana kuurayiwa" mhuka. Kunyange zvakadaro, rudzi rumwe rwakaratidza kuti runopfuura nokure mamwe ose muunyanzvi hwawo hwekuvanza pasi pemvura.

Iyo mimic octopus, thaumoctopus mimicus, yakavhiringidza pfungwa dzose dzesainzi dzakagara dzagara dziripo pamusoro pemiganhu yekutevedzera. Mhuka zhinji dzine rombo rakanaka kuti dzakango shanduka kiyi imwe chete yekuvanza kuitira kudzivirira zvikara kana kuvandira mhuka. Kwete iyo mimic octopus. Thaumoctopus mimicus ndiyo mhuka yekutanga yati yambowanikwa kugara ichitora chitarisiko uye maitiro ezvimwe zvipenyu zvinopfuura chimwe. Ichigara mumvura inodziya, ine mvura yakasviba kubva kuIndonesia neMalaysia, octopus inonzi mimic, iri muchimiro chayo, inogona kuyera kuita mafiti maviri kureba, ichizvitutumadza mitsetse yebrown nemichena nemakwapa. Nekudaro, thaumoctopus mimicus kashoma kugara ichiita senge octopus kwenguva refu. Kutaura idi, chiumbwa chine tende chave chine hunyanzvi hwekusave octopus, chakabudirira mukunzvenga kuwanikwa kwevanhu kusvika 1998. Nhasi, kunyangwe mushure mekunyatsoongorora tsvakiridzo, kudzika kweyemic octopus' repertoire kunoramba kusingazivikanwe.

Kunyangwe padanho rekutanga, ese maoctopus (kana octopi, ese ari maviri akarurama) inyanzvi dzekubira. Nekuda kwekuti havana skeletons, octopus inyanzvi dzekupikisa, dzinobata maoko nemakumbo zviri nyore kuti dzipinze munzvimbo dzakasimba kana kushandura chitarisiko chavo. Pakungoita madiro, ganda ravo rinogona kushanduka kubva pakutsvedza uye kutsvedzerera kuita mabhampa uye kuita manyemwe mukati memasekondi. Uyezve, nekuda kwekuwedzera kana kuderera kwechromatophores mumasero avo, octopus 'pigmentation inogona kukurumidza kushandura pateni nemumvuri kuti ienderane nenharaunda yakatenderedza. Chii chinoisa iyo mimic octopus kubva kune yayo cephalopod vezera haingori mapfekero ayo anoshamisa, asi ayo asingaenzaniswi ekuita zvimedu.

Kufanana nevatambi vese vakuru, iyo mimic octopus inobata kune vateereri vayo. Kana yasangana nechikara chine nzara, inek octopus inganyepedzera kuva shumba ine uturu nokuronga matende ayo masere kuti aite semitsetse ine mitsetse yehove.

Kana kuti zvimwe inogona kupeperetsa muviri wayo kuti iite senhokwe kana kuti sote ine chepfu.

Kana ikarwiswa, octopus inogona kutevedzera nyoka yemugungwa ine muchetura, ichichera musoro wayo nematende ayo matanhatu pasi pevhu uye ichimonyorora nhengo dzayo dzasara senyoka.

Iyo mimic octopus yakaonekwa zvakare ichitevedzera seahorses, starfish, crabs, anemones, shrimp, uye jellyfish. Mamwe mapfekero ayo haasati atomboroverwa pasi, senge munhu anonakidza anomhanya anoratidzwa pazasi.

Imwe inogara iri mumic octopus 'masks mazhinji ndeyekuti imwe neimwe inouraya kana isingadyike. Iyo mimic octopus yakafungidzira zvine hungwaru kuti nekuzvishandura semhuka dzinotyisa, inogona kufamba zvakasununguka uye zvakachengeteka mukati memusha wayo wepasi pemvura. Iine gungwa rezvivharo zvine simba zvariinazvo uye pasina mamwe marudzi ecephalopod ari kuita zvekutevedzera, iyo mimic octopus inoisa dziviriro yechinyakare inki-squirt uye kutiza octopus kunyadziswa.