Nyaya Dzesviro

Gungwa inzvimbo isina kujeka pakuti pachine zvakawanda zvekudzidza nezvazvo. Maitiro ehupenyu hwemawhale makuru haanawo kujeka-zvinoshamisa zvatisati taziva nezvezvisikwa izvi zvakanakisa. Chatinoziva ndechekuti gungwa harichisiri ravo, uye munzira dzakawanda remangwana ravo rinoratidzika kuva risina kujeka. Vhiki rekupedzisira raGunyana, ndakaita basa rekuona ramangwana rakanaka pamusangano wemazuva matatu we "Nhau dzeWhale: Yakare, Yazvino uye Yeramangwana" yakarongwa neLibrary of Congress uye International Fund for Animal Welfare.

Chikamu chemusangano uyu chakabatanidza zvizvarwa zveArctic (uye kubatana kwavo nemawhale) kune nhoroondo yeYankee whaling tsika muNew England. Muchokwadi, zvakasvika pakusuma vazukuru vevakuru vatatu vewhaling vaive nemhuri dzakafanana vanogara muMassachusetts neAlaska. Kekutanga, nhengo dzemhuri nhatu kubva kuNantucket, Martha's Vineyard neNew Bedford vakasangana nehama dzavo (dzemhuri nhatu dzakafanana) kubva kunharaunda dziri muBarrow uye kumawere ekuchamhembe kweAlaska. Ini ndaitarisira kuti musangano uyu wekutanga wemhuri dzakafanana waizonetsa, asi panzvimbo pezvo vakafarira mukana wekutarisa kuunganidzwa kwemifananidzo uye kutsvaga kufanana kwemhuri mumhando dzenzeve dzavo kana mhino.

Mukutarisa zvakapfuura, takadzidzawo nyaya inoshamisa yeHondo yeVanhu veCSS Shenandoah yekurwisa Union merchant whalers muBering Sea neArctic sekuyedza kubvisa mafuta ewhale aizora maindasitiri eNorth. Mukuru wengarava yeBritish-yakagadzirwa Shenandoah akaudza avo vaakatora sevasungwa kuti Confederacy yaive mumubatanidzwa nemawhale kurwisa vavengi vavo vanofa. Hapana akaurayiwa, uye ma<em>whale akawanda “akaponeswa” nezviito zvakaputeni uyu kukanganisa mwaka wose wokuvhima whale. Zvikepe makumi matatu nesere zvevatengesi, kunyanya New Bedford whaleships zvakatorwa, uye zvakanyura kana kusungwa.

Michael Moore, watinoshanda naye kubva kuWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution, akataura kuti kuvhima kwemazuva ano kuArctic hakusi kupa musika wekutengesa wepasi rose. Kuvhima kwakadaro hakusi pamwero wenguva yewhaling yeYankee, uye zvamazvirokwazvo kwakasiyana nenhamburiko dzemaindasitiri dzokubata whaling dzezana ramakore rechi 20 dzakakwanisa kuuraya mawhale akawanda mumakore maviri chete sezvakanga zvaita makore 150 ose e<em>Yankee whaling.

Sechikamu chemusangano wedu wenzvimbo nhatu, takashanyira rudzi rweWampanoag paMartha's Vineyard. Vatigamuchira vakatipa zvokudya zvinonaka. Imomo, takanzwa nyaya yaMoshup, hofori yerume yakakwanisa kubata makudo nemaoko ayo isina chinhu ndokuapfugamira pamawere kuti iwanise vanhu vayo zvokudya. Sezvineiwo, akafanotaurawo nezvokuuya kwevachena uye akapa rudzi rwake chisarudzo chokuramba pakati pavanhu, kana kuti kuva whales. Iyi ndiyo nyaya yekwavo ye orca idzo hama dzavo.
 

Mukutarisa ikozvino, vatori vechikamu vemusangano vakacherechedza kutonhora kwegungwa kuri kuwedzera, makemikari ayo ari kuchinja, chando muArctic iri kuderera uye mafungu ari kuchinja. Kuchinja ikoko kunoreva kuti chikafu chemhuka dzemugungwa chiri kushandukawo—zvose zviri zviviri nzvimbo uye mwaka. Tiri kuona mamwe marara emugungwa nemapurasitiki mugungwa, akanyanya uye asingaperi ruzha, pamwe neakakosha uye anotyisa bioaccumulation yehupfu mumhuka dzegungwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, mawhale anofanirwa kufamba mugungwa riri kuramba rakabatikana, rine ruzha uye rine chepfu. Zvimwe zvinoitwa nevanhu zvinowedzera njodzi yavo. Nhasi tinoona kuti vanokuvadzwa, kana kuuraiwa nekurovera kwengarava uye kusungirirwa kwemidziyo yekuredza. Kutaura zvazviri, imwe whale yakafa yakanga yava mungozi yokutsakatika yakawanikwa yakapinzwa mumidziyo yokuredza muGulf of Maine musangano wedu uchangotanga. Takabvumirana kutsigira kuedza kuvandudza nzira dzekutakura uye kutora midziyo yakarasika yekuredza uye kuderedza kutyisidzira kwekufa kunononoka kunorwadza.

Ma<em>Baleen whales, akadai se<em>right whales, anotsamira pamhuka duku dzinozivikanwa semashavishavi egungwa ( pteropods ). Mawhale aya ane hunyanzvi hwekuita mumiromo yawo kuitira kusefa chikafu chemhuka idzi. Mhuka diki idzi dzinotyisidzirwa zvakananga nekushanduka kwekemesitiri mugungwa izvo zvinoita kuti zviomerwe kuumba matemhe adzo, maitiro anonzi ocean acidification. Zvakare, kutya ndekwekuti mawhale haakwanise kuchinjika nekukurumidza kune zvitsva zvitubu (kana paine zviripo zvechokwadi), uye kuti vanozova mhuka dzine ecosystem isingachakwanise kuvapa chikafu.
 

Shanduko dzese dzekemesitiri, tembiricha, uye dandemutande dzechikafu dzinoita kuti gungwa rive hurongwa husina kutsigira mhuka dzemugungwa idzi. Tichifunga nezvenyaya yeWampanoag yeMoshup, avo vakasarudza kuve orcas vakaita sarudzo yakanaka here?

Pazuva rekupedzisira apo takaungana muNew Bedford whaling museum, ndakabvunza mubvunzo uyu panguva yepanera rangu remangwana. Kune rumwe rutivi, tichitarira nguva yemberi, kukura kwechiverengero chavanhu kwaizoratidzira wedzero yemotokari, midziyo yokuredza, uye kuwedzerwa kwemigodhi yepasi pegungwa, tambo dzenhare dzakawanda, uye zvamazvirokwazvo zvimwe zvivakovheni zvakawanda zvokurima mumvura. Kune rimwe divi, tinogona kuona humbowo hwekuti tiri kudzidza nzira yekudzikisa ruzha (teknolojia yengarava yakanyarara), nzira yekufambisazve ngarava kudzivirira nzvimbo dzewhale, uye kugadzira giya risinganyanyi kupinza (uye se yekupedzisira nzira yekununura uye zvakanyanya kubudirira kuparadzanisa whale). Tiri kuita tsvakiridzo iri nani, uye zvirinani kudzidzisa vanhu nezvese zvinhu zvatingaite kuderedza kukuvadza kumawhale. Uye, kuParis COP muna Zvita wapfuura takazosvika pachibvumirano chinovimbisa chekudzikisa kuburitswa kwemagasi egreenhouse, inova mutyairi mukuru wekurasikirwa kwenzvimbo dzemhuka dzemugungwa. 

Zvaive zvakanaka kubata vekare vaunoshanda navo uye shamwari kubva kuAlaska, uko shanduko yemamiriro ekunze iri kukanganisa chinhu chese chehupenyu hwezuva nezuva uye kuchengetedzwa kwechikafu. Zvaishamisa kunzwa nyaya, kusuma vanhu vane chinangwa chakafanana (uye kunyangwe madzitateguru), uye kuona kutanga kwekubatana kutsva mukati menharaunda yakakura yevanhu vanoda uye vanoraramira gungwa. Tariro iripo, uye tine zvakawanda zvatinogona kuita tose pamwe chete.