Ocean Secrets

Gungwa rine chakavanzika.

Ndine rombo rakanaka kushanda mumunda wehutano hwegungwa. Ndakakurira mumusha weChirungu wegungwa, uye ndakapedza nguva yakawanda ndakatarisa gungwa, ndichishamisika nezvakavanzika zvaro. Iye zvino ndiri kushanda kuti ndizvichengetedze.

Gungwa, sezvatinoziva, rakakosha kuhupenyu hwese hunoenderana neokisijeni, iwe neni takasanganisirwa! Asi hupenyu hwakakoshawo kunyanza. Gungwa rinoburitsa oxygen yakawanda nekuda kwezvirimwa zvemugungwa. Izvi zvinomera zvinokwevera pasi carbon dioxide (CO2), gasi rinopisa, uye rinoshandura kuti rive shuga-based sugar uye oxygen. Iwo magamba ekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze! Ikozvino kune kucherechedzwa kwakafara kwebasa rehupenyu hwemugungwa mukuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, pane kana izwi: blue carbon. Asi pane chakavanzika… Zvidyarwa zvemugungwa zvinongokwanisa kudonhedza CO2 yakawanda sezvadzinoita, uye nyanza dzinokwanisa kuchengeta kabhoni yakawanda sezvadzinoita, nokuda kwemhuka dzomugungwa.

Muna April, pachitsuwa chePacific cheTonga, ndakava nomukana wokutaura chakavanzika ichi pamusangano we“Whales in a Changing Ocean”. Muzvitsuwa zvakawanda zvePacific, mawhale anotsigira hupfumi hwekushanya huri kusimukira, uye akakosha mutsika. Kunyange zvazvo isu tine hanya chaizvo pamusoro pemigumisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pamawhale, tinofanirawo kuziva kuti whales inogona kuva mubatsiri mukuru, mukuru mukurwisana nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze! Kuburikidza nekunyura kwavo kwakadzika, kutama kwakakura, hupenyu hurefu, uye miviri mikuru, mawhale ane basa rakakura mune ichi chakavanzika chegungwa.

Nyika yekutanga pasi rose "whale poo diplomats” muTonga, tichisimudzira kukosha kwehuwandu hwewhale ine hutano mukuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze pasi rose. LR: Phil Kline, The Ocean Foundation, Angela Martin, Blue Climate Solutions, Steven Lutz, GRID-Arendal.

Whales ese ari maviri anogonesa zvidyarwa zvemugungwa kukwevera pasi CO2, uye zvakare anobatsira kuchengeta kabhoni munyanza. Chekutanga, vanopa chikafu chakakosha chinoita kuti zvirimwa zvemugungwa zvikure. Whale poop ifetireza, inounza zvinovaka muviri kubva kukadzika, uko mawhale anodya, kumusoro, uko zvinomera zvinoda izvi zvinovaka muviri kune photosynthesis. Migratory whales inounzawo zvinovaka muviri kubva kunzvimbo dzekudya dzinobereka zvakanyanya, uye dzinodzisunungura mumvura isina kudya kunovaka munzvimbo dzinoberekera whale, zvichisimudzira kukura kwezvirimwa zvemugungwa mhiri kwegungwa.

Chechipiri, mawhale anochengeta kabhoni yakavharika mugungwa, kunze kwemhepo, uko yaigona kuita kuti mamiriro ekunze achinje. Miti midiki yemugungwa inoburitsa shuga-yakagadzirwa nekabhoni, asi iine hupenyu hupfupi, saka haikwanise kuchengeta kabhoni. Pavanofa, yakawanda kabhoni iyi inoburitswa mumvura yepamusoro, uye inogona kushandurwa ichidzokera ku CO2. Nyeredzi, kune rumwe rutivi, dzinogona kurarama kwerinopfuura zana ramakore, dzichidya cheni dzezvokudya dzinotanga neshuga dziri mumiti miduku iyi, uye dzichiunganidza kabhoni mumiviri yadzo mikuru. Kana mawhale afa, hupenyu hwemugungwa hwakadzika hunodya pane zvakasara, uye kabhoni yaimbochengetwa mumitumbi yewhales inogona kupinda mumatope. Kana kabhoni yasvika pakadzika yegungwa sediment, inovharirwa kure, uye nekudaro haikwanise kutyaira shanduko yemamiriro ekunze. Kabhoni iyi haigone kudzoka se CO2 mumhepo, ingangoita mireniyamu.

Ko kudzivirira mawhale kuve chikamu chemhinduro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze? Mufananidzo: Sylke Rohrlach, Flickr

Sezvo zvitsuwa zvePacific zvichipa chikamu chidiki kumhepo inopisa gasi inokonzera shanduko yemamiriro ekunze - isingasviki hafu ye1%, yeHurumende dzeChitsuwa chePacific, kuchengetedza kugara zvakanaka uye kupa mupiro kune ecosystem iyo whale inopa sekunyura kabhoni chiito chinoshanda icho. inogona kubatsira kugadzirisa kutyisidzira kwekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze kune vanhu vezvitsuwa zvePacific, tsika nenyika. Vamwe vava kuona mukana wekubatanidza kuchengetedza kwewhale mumipiro yavo kuUnited Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), uye nekutsigira kubudirira kweUN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), zvese zvezviwanikwa zvegungwa (SDG 14), uye chiito pakushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze (SDG 13).

Mahumpback whale muTonga anotarisana nekutyisidzirwa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, asi anogonawo kubatsira kuderedza kukanganiswa nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Mufananidzo: Roderick Eime, Flickr

Nyika dzinoverengeka dzePacific Island dzatove vatungamiriri mukuchengetedza whale, vazivisa nzvimbo dzewhale mumvura yavo. Gore roga roga, mahumpback whale makuru anoshamwaridzana, anobereka, uye anoberekera mumvura yePacific Island. Aya mawhale anoshandisa nzira dzekutama kuburikidza nemakungwa makuru, uko asina kuchengetedzwa, kuti asvike kunzvimbo dzawo dzekudyira muAntarctica. Kuno vanogona kukwikwidzana nechikafu chavo chikuru, krill, nengarava dzehove. Antarctic krill inonyanya kushandiswa mukudya kwemhuka (aquaculture, zvipfuyo, mhuka dzinovaraidza) uye neredzo dzehove.

NeUN svondo rino iri kuita musangano wekutanga weOcean paSDG 14, uye chirongwa cheUN chekugadzira chibvumirano chepamutemo pamusoro pezvipenyu mumakungwa makuru chirikuenderera mberi, ndinotarisira kutsigira Pacific Islands kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvavo kuziva, kunzwisisa, uye kuchengetedza. basa remawhale mukuderedza kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Mabhenefiti ehutungamiriri uhwu kune ese mawhale nePacific Islanders achawedzera kuhupenyu hwevanhu uye hwegungwa pasi rose.

Asi chakavanzika chegungwa chinodzika zvakanyanya. Haasi mawhale chete!

Kutsvagisa kwakawanda kuri kubatanidza hupenyu hwemugungwa nekubata kabhoni uye kuchengetedza maitiro akakosha kune yegungwa kabhoni kunyura, uye kune hupenyu hwepasi kuti hugadzirise nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Hove, kamba, shark, kunyange magakanje! Vese vane mabasa mune ichi chakavanzika chakabatana, chisingazivikanwe chegungwa. Hatina kumbokwenya pamusoro.

Nzira sere dzinoshandiswa nemhuka dzemugungwa kutsigira pombi yegungwa kabhoni. Dhiyagiramu kubva ku Hove Carbon report (Lutz naMartin 2014).

Angela Martin, Project Lead, Blue Climate Solutions

Munyori anoda kubvuma Fonds Pacifique neCurtis naEdith Munson Foundation yekugonesa kugadzirwa kweshumo pamusoro pePacific Island whales uye shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, uye, pamwe neGEF/UNEP Blue Forests Project, vachitsigira kuenda kuWhales muChanging Ocean. musangano.

Zvinoshanda zvinongedzo:
Lutz, S.; Martin, A. Hove Carbon: Kuongorora Marine Vertebrate Carbon Services. 2014. GRID-Arendal
Martin, A; Barefoot N. Whales in A Changing Climate. 2017. SPREP
www.bluecsolutions.org