Nharaunda yedu yeTurtle yeGungwa

Mark Spalding

Makore akati kumashure, ndakanga ndiri kumusangano kuchamhembe kweMalaysia kusiri kure nemuganhu weThai. Chimwe chezvakanakisa parwendo irworwo kwaive kushanya kwedu kwehusiku kuMa'Daerah Turtle Sanctuary uko kwaive kuburitswa kweGreen Sea Turtles. Zvaive zvakanaka kuwana mukana wekusangana nevanhu vakazvipira kuchengetedza turtles nenzvimbo dzavanovimba nadzo. Ndakaita rombo rakanaka rekushanyira turtle dzemugungwa matendere adzo munyika dzakawanda dzakasiyana. Ndakaona kusvika kwehadzi kuzochera matendere adzo uye kukandira mazai adzo, uye kuchochonywa tukamba twemugungwa, tunorema isingasviki hafu yekirogiramu. Ndakashamiswa nerwendo rwavo rwakatsunga kumucheto kwemvura, nemumafashamu, uye kunze kugungwa rakashama. Havamboregi kushamisika.

Kubvumbi ndiwo mwedzi watinopemberera kamba dzemugungwa pano paThe Ocean Foundation. Kune marudzi manomwe ehove dzegungwa, imwe yacho inowanikwa muAustralia chete. Vamwe vatanhatu vanofamba-famba mugungwa repasi uye vese vanoonekwa sevari mungozi pasi peMutemo weUS. Kamba dzemugungwa dzinodzivirirwawo pasi rose pasi peConvention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna kana CITES. CITES Chibvumirano chepasi rose chemakore makumi mana chakasainwa nenyika zana nemakumi manomwe nenhanhatu kudzora kutengeswa kwemhuka nemiti pasi rose. Kukamba dzomugungwa, zvinonyanya kukosha nokuti miganhu yenyika hairevi zvakawanda kunzira dzadzo dzokutama. Kubatira pamwe chete kwenyika dzakawanda kunogona kuvadzivirira. Mhando nhanhatu dzese dzekamba dzemugungwa dzinotama kune dzimwe nyika dzakanyorwa muCITES Appendix 176, iyo inopa dziviriro yepamusoro-soro pakutengeserana kwenyika dzepasi rose murudzi rwusina njodzi.

Kamba dzemugungwa dzakakura kwazvo pachadzo—vafambisi vengarava vane runyararo vegungwa redu repasi rose, vakabva kunguruve dzemugungwa dzakashanduka makore anodarika miriyoni zana apfuura. Ndivo zvakare murwiri wekuti hukama hwevanhu nenyanza huri kutamba sei-uye mishumo iri kuuya kubva pasirese kuti isu tinofanirwa kuita zvakawanda uye zvirinani.

Yakatumidzwa musoro wayo mutete uye wakapinza, muromo wakafanana neshiri, hawksbills inogona kusvika mumitswe nemumikaha yemakorari achitsvaga chikafu. Kudya kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana, kudyisa maponji chete. Yakatumidzwa musoro wayo mutete uye wakapinza, muromo wakafanana neshiri, hawksbills inogona kusvika mumitswe nemumikaha yemakorari achitsvaga chikafu. Kudya kwavo kwakasiyana-siyana, kudyisa maponji chete. Mhenderekedzo dzakasara dzematendere umo matutu egungwa echikadzi anodzokera zvakare uye zvakare pamusoro pehupenyu hwavo ari kunyangarika nekuda kwekukwira kwemvura, kuwedzera kune kurasikirwa kuripo kubva kumahombekombe pamusoro pebudiriro. Pamusoro pazvo, tembiricha yematendere akacherwa mumahombekombe iwayo inosarudza kuti mwana wembatya hadzina here. Kudziya kuri kuita jecha riri kumahombekombe aya izvo zvinoreva kuti vakadzi vakawanda kudarika varume vari kuchochonywa. Sezvo varairi vanokweva mambure avo, kana kuti vanokweva zviredzo zvavo zvakasungirirwa pamakiromita enzira dzokuredza, kazhinji kacho kune nguruve dzemugungwa dzinobatwa netsaona (ndokunyudzwa) nehove dzavanonangwa. Nhau dzemarudzi ekare aya hadziwanzova dzakanaka, asi pane tariro.

Sezvandinonyora, 34th yegore negore turtle symposium iri kuitika muNew Orleans. Yaimbozivikanwa se Yepagore Symposium paGungwa Turtle Biology uye Kuchengetedza, inotambwa gore rega rega neInternational Sea Turtle Society (ISTS). Kubva pasirese pasirese, mutsika nemagariro, vatori vechikamu vanoungana kuti vagovane ruzivo uye vabatane pazvese zvinofarirwa uye chinangwa: kuchengetedza mbira dzemugungwa nenzvimbo yadzo.

Iyo Ocean Foundation inodada nekutsigira ichi chiitiko chekuvaka nharaunda, uye kunyange kudada nenhengo dzenharaunda yedu dzinopa hunyanzvi hwavo kugungano. Iyo Ocean Foundation imusha kune 9 mapurojekiti anotarisa pamusoro pekamba dzegungwa uye akatsigira akawanda akawanda kuburikidza nekugadzira kwayo rubatsiro. Pazasi pane mienzaniso mishoma yemapurojekiti eturtle yegungwa. Kuti uone ese mapurojekiti edu, ndapota tinya pano.

CMRC: Kamba dzemugungwa imhando dzinonyanya kunetsa pasi pechirongwa cheCuba Marine Research and Conservation chine chinangwa chikuru chechirongwa ichi ndechekuita wongororo yakazara yenzvimbo dzemugungwa munzvimbo dzemvura dzeCuba.

ICAPO: The Eastern Pacific Hawksbill Initiative (ICAPO) yakavambwa zviri pamutemo muna Chikunguru 2008 kusimudzira kudzoreredzwa kwekamba dzehawksbill kumabvazuva kwePacific.

ProCaguama: Proyecto Caguama (Operation Loggerhead) inodyidzana nevabati vehove kuti ive nechokwadi chekugara zvakanaka kwenharaunda dzinoredza uye nekamba dzemugungwa zvakafanana. Hove dzinobatwa nehove dzinogona kukanganisa mararamiro evaredzi uye mhuka dziri mungozi dzakaita sekamba inonzi loggerhead turtle. Kugara muJapan chete, huwandu uhu hwadzikira zvakanyanya nekuda kwekubatwa zvakanyanya.

Sea Turtle Bycatch Project: Sea Turtle Bycatch inobata nyaya dzinechekuita nekubata hove pazvipenyu zvemugungwa kuburikidza nekuona kunowanikwa kamba dzemugungwa dzakatorwa netsaona (bycatch) muhove dzepasi rose, uye kunyanya idzo dziri pedyo neUSA.

ONA Turtles: ONA Turtles inobatanidza vafambi uye vanozvipira kune turtle hotspots uye vane mutoro vafambisi vevashanyi. Yedu Sea Turtle Fund inopa rubatsiro kumasangano anoshanda kuchengetedza mahombekombe egungwa, kusimudzira turtle-akachengeteka magiya ekuredzesa, uye kuderedza kutyisidzira kwekamba dzemugungwa pasi rese.

Kuti ubatane nenharaunda yekuchengetedza turtle, unogona kupa kune yedu Sea Turtle Conservation Fund. Kuti uwane rumwe ruzivo, ndapota tinya pano.

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Mhando dzeTurtles dzeGungwa

Green turtle—Kamba dzakasvibira ndidzo hombe dzekamba dzakaomarara (dzinorema kupfuura makirogiramu 300 uye kufara kwemafiti 3. Matendere maviri makuru anowanikwa pamhenderekedzo yeCaribbean yeCosta Rica, umo matendere ehadzi 22,500 18,000 paavhareji uye paRaine Island, paGreat Barrier Reef muAustralia, paavhareji 200 dzehadzi dzinogara paavhareji MuUS, turtles dzakasvibira dzinogara pedyo nechepakati nekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kwemahombekombe eFlorida uko kunofungidzirwa kuti 1,100-XNUMX hadzi dzinogara pagore.

Hawksbill-Hawksbills inhengo diki dzemhuri yekamba yegungwa. Izvo zvinowanzobatanidzwa nehutano hwemakorari-hugaro mumapako maduku, kudya kune mamwe marudzi ezviponji. Turtles dzeHawksbill dzine circumtropical, dzinowanzoitika kubva pa30 ° N kusvika 30 ° S latitude muAtlantic, Pacific, uye Indian Oceans uye miviri yakabatana yemvura.

Kemp's ridley-Kamba iyi inosvika pakirogiramu zana uye inosvika masendimita makumi maviri nesere kuyambuka, uye inowanikwa muGulf yeMexico yese uye pamwe neEast Seaboard yeUS. Mazhinji edendere anoitika mudunhu reTamaulipas, Mexico. Nesting yakaonekwa muTexas, uye dzimwe nguva muCarolinas neFlorida.

Leatherback-Chimwe chezvinokambaira zvikuru pasi rose, Leatherback inogona kusvika tani pahuremu uye inopfuura mamita matanhatu kuyambuka muhukuru. Sezvakakurukurwa mune yapfuura blog LINK, iyo leatherback inogona kushivirira huwandu hwakakura hwekushisa kupfuura mamwe marudzi. Mahombekombe ayo ekugara anogona kuwanikwa kuWest Africa, kuchamhembe kweSouth America, uye munzvimbo shoma muUS

Loggerhead—Vanopihwa mazita emisoro yavo yakakura, inotsigira shaya dzine simba, vanokwanisa kudya mhuka dzine magoko akaoma, semakwara nemakonji. Vanowanikwa muCaribbean nedzimwe mvura dzegungwa.

Olive ridley-Kamba yegungwa yakanyanya kuwanda, pamwe nekuda kwekupararira kwayo, yakada kuenzana neiyo Kemp's ridley. Maorivhi maorivhi akagoverwa pasi rose munzvimbo dzinopisa dzeSouth Atlantic, Pacific, uye Indian Oceans. MuSouth Atlantic Ocean, anowanikwa pamhenderekedzo yeAtlantic yeWest Africa neSouth America. MuEastern Pacific, dzinoitika kubva kuSouthern California kusvika kuNorthern Chile.