Kupona Mamirioni mazana mashanu Makore uye Kunyangarika mukupenya kweZiso: Nyaya yeChambered Nautilus.

Na: Gregory Jeff Barord, PhD Mudzidzi, Guta University of New York - Graduate Center, Guta University of New York - Brooklyn College

Zuva rekutanga: Takazosvika muPhilippine pakati pehusiku mushure memaawa angangoita makumi maviri nemana ekubhururuka kubva kuNew York City, nekumbomira muSouth Korea, uye pakupedzisira kuCebu, Philippines. Sezvineiwo, mumwe wedu wekuPhilippines akatimirira kunze kwenhandare yendege achinyemwerera uye nekombi hombe kuti iende nesu kuhotera yedu. Ndiyo mhando yekunyemwerera iyo inogara ichikuita kuti utarise kudivi rakajeka rezvinhu uye yaizoratidza kukosha mukati merwendo urwu uye mumwedzi gumi nematanhatu inotevera. Mushure mekutakura mabhegi gumi nematatu emikwende murori, tinonanga kuhotera uye tinotanga kuronga tsvagiridzo. Mumazuva gumi nemanomwe anotevera tichange tichiunganidza data kuti tiongorore huwandu hwehuwandu hwema nautilus pedyo neBohol Island pakati pePhilippines.

Mutsara we nautilus, kana kuti mhuri yemhuri, yave iripo kwemakore anoda kusvika mamiriyoni mazana mashanu. Mukuenzanisa, shark dzave dziripo kwemamiriyoni mazana matatu nemakumi mashanu emakore, mhuka dzinoyamwisa kwemakore mamiriyoni 500, uye vanhu vemazuva ano vakangovapo kwemakore 350 chete. Mukati memakore mazana mashanu aya emamiriyoni, chitarisiko chekutanga chenautilus hachina kushanduka zvakanyanya uye nechikonzero ichi, nautilus inowanzonzi "zvisaririra mhenyu" nekuti zvisikwa zvipenyu zviri mumakungwa anhasi zvinotaridzika zvakafanana nemadzitateguru avo akasiiwa. Nautilus vakapupurira kuhuzhinji hwehupenyu hutsva hwakashanduka panyika ino uye vakapona nekutsakatika kwese kwakaparadza dzimwe mhuka zhinji.

Nautilus ine hukama neoctopus, squid, uye cuttlefish; pamwe chete, mhuka idzi dzose dzinoumba Kirasi Cephalopoda. Vazhinji vedu vanoziva octopus uye squid nekuda kwehunyanzvi hwavo hwekuchinja ruvara uye maitiro ehungwaru. Nekudaro, ma nautilus haakwanise kuchinja ruvara uye akaonekwa seasina kungwara kana achienzaniswa nehama dzavo dze octopus. (Kunyange zvakadaro, basa razvino rava kutanga kushandura kufunga ikoko). Nautiluses zvakare akasiyana nemamwe macephalopods nekuti ane ekunze, ane mitsetse goko asi mamwe ese mapenyu cephalopods ane mukati mukati kana asina goko zvachose. Nepo iri goko rakasimba, rine mitsetse richigonesa kudzora uye rinopa dziviriro, ravewo chinhu chakakosha.

Isu tiri muPhilippine nekuti kunyangwe ma nautilus ararama kwemamiriyoni emakore, huwandu hwavo hunoratidzika kunge huri kudzikira nekuda kwekusadzorwa kwekuredza hove. Nautilus fisheries yakaputika muma1970 nekuti goko ravo rakava chinhu chaikosheswa zvikuru pakutengeserana uye rakatakurwa nekutengeswa pasi rose. Iyo goko rinotengeswa sezvariri asi zvakare rakaputswa uye kuitwa zvimwe zvinhu zvakaita semabhatani, zvishongo, uye zvishongo. Sezvineiwo, pakanga pasina mirau iripo yekutarisa kuti mangani nautilus aibatwa. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ruzhinji rwema nautiluss rwakapunzika uye haruchatsigire hove saka mubati wehove aifanira kutamira kune imwe nzvimbo. Kutenderera uku kwakaenderera mberi munzvimbo dzakawanda mumakore makumi mana apfuura.

Nei pakanga pasina mitemo? Sei pakanga pasina kutarisira? Nei mapoka ezvokuchengetedza ave asingachaiti basa? Mhinduro yekutanga kune iyi nemimwe mibvunzo ndeyekuti pakanga pasina data resainzi pahukuru hwehuwandu hwenautilus uye kukanganisa kwehove. Pasina chero data, hazvibviri kuita chero chinhu. Muna 2010, United States Fish and Wildlife Service yakapa mari chirongwa chaizoratidza, zvachose, kuti makore makumi mana ekubata hove kusingadzorwe kwakave nei pahuwandu hwenautilus. Danho rekutanga muchirongwa ichi raive rekuenda kuPhilippine uye kuongorora huwandu hwenautilus munzvimbo iyoyo vachishandisa misungo yakateyiwa.

Zuva rechina: Chikwata chedu chakazosvika kunzvimbo yedu yekutsvagisa paBohol Island mushure mekufamba nechikepe kwemaawa matatu, paine mikwende yakawanda, kubva kuCebu kuenda kuBohol. Tichange tiri pano kwemavhiki maviri anotevera tichiedza kuunganidza dhata pamusoro pehuwandu hwehuwandu hwehuwandu hwenautilus muBohol.

Gara wakatarisa kune inotevera blog nezve rwendo urwu uye tsvagiridzo!

Bio: Gregory Jeff Barord parizvino ari mudzidzi wePhD muNew York City uye ari kutsvagisa kugona kwekudzidza nekuyeuka kwenautiluses uye kuita tsvakiridzo yakavakirwa pamunda muhukuru hwevanhu. Gregory anga achiitisa tsvakiridzo yecephalopod kweanopfuura makore gumi uye akashandawo mungarava dzekutengesa hove muGungwa reBering seFisheries Observer yekutarisa quotas yeNational Marine Fisheries Service. 

Links:
www.tonmo.com
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/science/25nautilus.html?_r=3&pagewanted=1&emc=eta1&