Sushi Dinner uye Utano Hwevakadzi Kubereka

Muchidzidzo che 2016, 3 muvakadzi gumi vane pamuviri vaiva ne mercury mazinga akakwirira kudarika EPA yakachengeteka muganhu.

Kwemakore, chikafu chemugungwa chave chichiziviswa sechikafu chenyika chine utano. Muna 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) inorayira kuti vanaamai vakatarisira vanodya maviri kusvika matatu ehove (8-12 oz) yehove pavhiki, nechisimbiso chemhando dzakaderera mu mercury uye yakakwirira mu omega-3. mafuta acids, chikamu chekudya kwakakwana.

Panguva imwecheteyo, mishumo yakawanda uye yakawanda yemubatanidzwa yakabuda inonyevera nezve njodzi dzakawanda dzehutano dzine chekuita nekudya kwegungwa, kunyanya kuvakadzi. Maererano ne mumwe 2016 kudzidza inoitiswa neEnvironmental Working Group (EWG), vanaamai vakatarisira vanotevedzera nhungamiro yezvokudya zveFDA nguva dzose vane mwero usina kuchengeteka wemekiyuri muropa ravo. Pavakadzi vane pamuviri mazana maviri nemakumi mashanu nevana vakaedzwa neEWG vakadya huwandu hwakakurudzirwa hwehove yemugungwa, mumwe muvatatu vakapinda muchikamu ane mercury anoonekwa seasina kuchengetedzeka neEnvironmental Protection Agency (EPA). Muvhiki rapfuura pasi pehutongi hwaObama, iyo FDA neEPA yakapa a yakagadziridzwa seti yenhungamiro, pamwe chete norudungwe rwakareba zvikuru rwemarudzi ane pamuviri anofanira kudzivisa zvachose.

Kurudziro yehurumende yemubatanidzwa yakonzera kusagadzikana pakati pevatengi vekuAmerica uye yakasiya vakadzi vari munjodzi yekufumurwa muchetura. Chokwadi chenyaya ndechekuti kuchinja uku kwezano rekudya mumakore apfuura kunoratidza kushanduka kwehutano hwezvipenyu zvedu zvegungwa, kupfuura chero chinhu chipi zvacho.

Yakakura kwazvo uye ine simba kwazvo, gungwa raiita seriri kubva munzvimbo yekutonga kwevanhu kana pesvedzero. Kubva kare, vanhu vainzwa kuti havangambotore zviwanikwa zvakawanda kubva, kana kuisa tsvina yakawandisa mugungwa. Takatadza sei. Makore ekushandisa zvisina kunaka uye kusvibisa pasi redu rebhuruu akanganisa zvikuru. Parizvino, chikamu che85% chehove dzepasi rose dzakaiswa muboka sedzakashandiswa zvizere kana kuti dzakanyanya kushandiswa. Muna 2015, 5.25 matiriyoni zvidimbu zvepurasitiki, zvinorema zvinopfuura 270,000 metric tons, zvakawanikwa zvichiyangarara munzvimbo dzese dzepasirese, zvichikanganisa hupenyu hwegungwa nekusvibisa dandemutande rezvekudya. Sezvo zvipenyu zvemugungwa zvichitambura, zvakawedzera kujeka kuti kugara kwevanhu uye hupenyu hwemugungwa zvakabatana. Kuparara kwegungwa ikoko inyaya yekodzero dzevanhu. Uye kuti kana zvasvika kune zvekudya zvegungwa, kusvibiswa kwegungwa kunonyanya kurwisa hutano hwevakadzi.

Kutanga kubva, mapurasitiki anogadzirwa achishandisa makemikari senge phthalates, zvinodzosa moto, uye BPA- zvese zvakabatana nenyaya huru dzehutano hwevanhu. Zvikuru, nhevedzano yeongororo yeongororo yakaitwa muna 2008 na2009 yakawana kunyange yakaderera madosi eBPA inoshandura kukura kwemazamu, inowedzera njodzi yegomarara rezamu, ine chekuita nekupfupfudzika kwepamuviri, inogona kukuvadza zvachose ovari yevakadzi, uye inogona kukanganisa hunhu hwevasikana vadiki. Njodzi dzine chokuita nemarara edu dzinongowedzerwa kamwe chete mumvura yegungwa.

Kana yangova mugungwa, marara epurasitiki anoita sesiponji kune zvimwe zvinosvibisa zvinosvibisa, zvinosanganisira DDT, PCB, uye mamwe makemikari akarambidzwa kwenguva refu. Nekuda kweizvozvo, ongororo dzakawana kuti imwe yepurasitiki microbead inogona kuita huturu zvakapetwa miriyoni kupfuura mvura yegungwa yakatenderedza. Anoyangarara ma microplastics ane anozivikanwa endocrine anovhiringidza, ayo anogona kukonzera akasiyana kubereka uye kukura kwevanhu matambudziko. Makemikari, akadai seDEHP, PVC, uye PS, anowanzo kuwanikwa mumarara epurasitiki emugungwa akabatana nekukwira kwekenza, kushaya mbereko, kutadza kwenhengo, zvirwere zvetsinga, uye kutanga kuyaruka muvakadzi. Sezvo hupenyu hwemugungwa huchidya marara edu netsaona, chepfu iyi inopinda nemugungwa guru rekudya dandemutande, kusvika yaguma yave mundiro dzedu.

Chiyero chekusvibiswa kwegungwa chakakura kwazvo, mitoro yemuviri yemhuka yese yegungwa yakasvibiswa. Kubva mudumbu resaumoni kusvika kublubber yeorcas, chepfu yakagadzirwa nevanhu yakaungana padanho rega rega recheni yechikafu.

Nekuda kwekuita kwe biomagnification, zvikara zvinotakura muchetura zvakakura, izvo zvinoita kuti kudyiwa kwenyama yavo kuve njodzi kuhutano hwevanhu.

MuDietary Guidelines yevaAmerica, FDA inokurudzira vakadzi vane pamuviri kuti vasadye hove dzinorema mercury, dzakadai se tuna, swordfish, marlin, dzinowanzogara pamusoro pezvokudya. Kurudziro iyi, nepo ine musoro, inofuratira kupesana kwetsika.

Somuenzaniso, madzinza emuArctic, anovimba nenyama yakakora, ine mafuta uye sahwira emhuka dzomugungwa kuti awane chouviri, chokupisa, uye kudziyirwa. Zvidzidzo zvakatoreva kuti kuwanda kwevhitamini C muganda re narwhal kune kubudirira kwese kwekurarama kwevanhu veInuit. Nehurombo, nekuda kwekudya kwavo kwekare kwezvikara, vanhu veInuit veArctic vakakanganiswa zvakanyanya nekusvibiswa kwegungwa. Kunyangwe yakagadzirwa zviuru zvemamaira kure, zvinoramba zvichisvibisa organic (semushonga wezvipembenene, makemikari emumaindasitiri) akaedzwa kasere kusvika gumi mumiviri yeInuit uye kunyanya mumukaka wevaInuit. Vakadzi ava havagone kuchinjika zviri nyore kune iyo FDA's inoshanduka nhungamiro.

Kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweAsia kwose, shark fin soup yagara ichionekwa sechinhu chinonaka zvikuru. Kusiyana nengano yekuti ivo vanopa yakasarudzika kukosha kwekudya, shark zvimbi zvine mercury mazinga anosvika makumi mana neshanu akakwira kupfuura inotariswa yakachengeteka muganho. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kudya shark fin soup kune ngozi zvakanyanya, kunyanya kuvana nevakadzi vane pamuviri. Zvisinei, kufanana nemhuka yacho pachayo, pane gore rakawanda remashoko asiri iwo akatenderedza zvimbi zveshaki. Munyika dzinotaura Mandarin, shark fin soup inowanzonzi soup ye "fish wing" soup - semhedzisiro, vangangoita makumi manomwe neshanu kubva muzana veChinese havazivi kuti shark fin soup inobva kune shark. Saka, kunyangwe kana dzidziso dzetsika dzakadzika dzemukadzi ane nhumbu dzakadzurwa kuti dzienderane neFDA, anogona kunge asina kana agency yekudzivirira kufumurwa. Vangave vachiziva nezvenjodzi kana kuti kwete, vakadzi veAmerica vanotsauswawo sevatengi.

Nepo imwe njodzi ine chekuita nekudyiwa kwezvokudya zvemugungwa ingaderedzwa nekunzvenga mamwe marudzi, mhinduro yacho inodzikisirwa nedambudziko riri kubuda rekubirwa kwezvokudya zvemugungwa. Kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwehove dzepasi rose kwakonzera kuti chitsotsi chezvokudya zvomugungwa chiwedzere, umo zvokudya zvomugungwa zvinonyorwa zvisiri izvo kuti zviwedzere purofiti, kudzivisa mitero, kana kuti kuvanza zvisiri pamutemo. Muenzaniso wakajairika ndewekuti ma dolphin anourayiwa mu bycatch anogara akaiswa setuna yemumagaba. Chirevo chekuferefeta cha2015 chakawana kuti makumi manomwe neshanu muzana ezvegungwa zvakaedzwa mumaresitorendi esushi uye makumi matatu nesere muzana kumaresitorendi asiri esushi muUS aive asina kunyorwa. Mune chimwe chitoro chegirosari muNew York, tilefish yeblue line - iri paFDA's "Usadye" runyorwa nekuda kwehuwandu hwemecury - yanga ichinyorwa zvakare uye kutengeswa se "red snapper" uye "Alaskan halibut". MuSanta Monica, California, vabiki vaviri vesushi vakabatwa vachitengesa nyama yewhale, vachisimbirira kuti yaive mafuta tuna. Hutsotsi hwekudya kwemugungwa haungokanganisi misika uye fungidziro dzekuwanda kwehupenyu hwemugungwa, hunoisa njodzi yehutano kuvatengi vehove pasi rese.

Saka ... kudya kana kusadya?

Kubva kune chepfu microplastics kusvika kuhutsotsi chaihwo, kudya chikafu chemugungwa manheru ano kunogona kunzwa kutyisa. Asi usarega izvozvo zvichikuvhundutsa iwe kure neboka rekudya zvachose! Yakakwira mu omega-3 fatty acids uye maprotein akaonda, hove izere nerubatsiro rwehutano kuvakadzi nevarume zvakafanana. Icho chisarudzo chekudya chinonyatsodzika kune ruzivo rwemamiriro ezvinhu. Chigadzirwa chekudya chegungwa chine eco-label here? Uri kutenga munharaunda here? Mhuka iyi inozivikanwa kuva yakakwirira mumercury? Taura zviri nyore: unoziva zvauri kutenga here? Zvishongedze neruzivo urwu kuti uzvidzivirire vamwe vatengi. Chokwadi nezvechokwadi zvine basa.