Vaquita Kuenda Kutsakatika kune Zvido zveVatengi

Vaquita yave iri rudzi rwekuitira hanya kwemakumi emakore. Hugaro hwayo uye iyo yekuredza shrimp inopindirana. Tinoziva kuti makore ekuedza apinda mukugadzirwa kwegiya idzva rekuredza risinganyanyi kuuraya Vaquita, uye zvakare, chirongwa chekugadzira musika we shrimp inobatwa zvakachengetedzeka. Nekudaro, nekuti iyo Vaquita ine mwedzi, uye kwete makore asara kuti iponeswe, isu hatigone kutsauswa neichi chakanyanya kuganhurirwa uye-chakarebesa-kushandisa-kushandisa. Chiito chinonyanya kukosha panguva ino chinofanira kunge chiri kuvharwa kwenzvimbo yayo yese kune hove dzose dzegillnet, uyezve kushandiswa kwemaitiro akasimba ekusimbisa.

Mune mamwe mazwi, kuvandudzwa kwe "Vaquita yakachengeteka" label mukana wapfuura, kana unogona kuuya zvakare mune ramangwana (kana Vaquita vakadziviswa kubva mukutsakatika uye nhamba dzavo dzakapora zvakanyanya).

Tine diki diki iri mungozi yekutsakatika ine CHETE inogara iri kuchamhembe kweGulf yeCalifornia, iyo yakasikwa nzvimbo yakachengetedzwa papepa semhuka refugium mukati meUNESCO biosphere reserve. Tine hove dzenguva refu dzegill net shrimp dzinopa raramo kunharaunda mbiri dzinobata hove kuburikidza nekutumira kunze kumusika weUS. Tine kubata hove kusiri pamutemo kwenguva pfupi yapfuura uye kune mari inoshamisa umo tarisiro iri totoaba iri mungozi yekutsakatika. Dundira rehove iyi rinokosheswa sechikafu kuChina, uko kunoiswa muto unogona kuita mari inosvika US$25,000 XNUMX mundiro uye uko vatengi vanotenda kuti dundira rehove rinobatsira kuvandudza kufamba kweropa revanhu, ruvara rweganda, uye kubereka.

Tine chokwadi chisingatsungiririki chekuti kune vashoma kupfuura hafu yeVaquita ikozvino pane yaivepo muna 2007.

Tinewo makumi emakore ekudyara mukugadzira mamwe magiya ekuredza ayo kana vabati vehove vakada kushandisa, taigona kuderedza kubata netsaona kweVaquita mumambure eshrimp. kana, uye chete kana, tinotowana mukana wekubvumira vanhu kuti vavake patsva.

Asi chekutanga, pane basa rakawanda rinofanirwa kuitwa kutendeudzira iyo Mexican Fishery Ministry CONAPESCA uye yeMexico Executive bazi kuti kuvhara kwekugara kweVaquita kune zvese zviitiko zvevanhu, kana kurambidzwa zvachose kwemambure egill muUpper Gulf, uye kusimbiswa kwekuvharwa uye kurambidzwa kwakadaro ndiko kukurumidza uye tariro yedu yekupedzisira. Hatigone kuzvivimbisa (kana kubvumira vamwe kuti) kuti musika mutsva we shrimp unogara uri wega uchaponesa Vaquita kubva mukutsakatika kana kwasara 97 Vaquita chete.

Kutevedzwa kweVaquita reserve pakubata hove zvisiri pamutemo ndiko kwave kushaikwa uye ndiyo yega mhinduro inogoneka munguva pfupi. Iyi yanga iri mhedziso yekutanga kune yega yega CIRVA report (Dare Renyika Dzepasi Pose Rekudzorerwa kweVaquita), iyo PACE (Conservation Action Programs) uye Nhoroondo ye NACAP (North American Conservation Action Plan) uye yakabvumwa nemunhu wese paMexican Presidential Commission. Kugara kunonoka pane kuita kwaita kuti huwandu hweVaquita hudzike uye huwandu hwetotoaba kutorwa nekuendeswa kuChina kuti rikwire - kutsakatika kwechipiri kungangoita.

Sezvingabvira, hurumende yeMexico inozopedzisira yaita dziviriro inodiwa nekusimbisa kuzere musi wekutanga waKurume. Nekudaro, pachine kushushikana kwakanyanya kuti hurumende yeMexico haina chido chezvematongerwo enyika kuita sarudzo yekuvhara uye yekumanikidza. Zvichada kurwa nezvikwata zvine simba zvezvinodhaka, uyewo kurwisana nenharaunda duku mbiri (Puerto Peñasco neSan Carlos) dzine nhoroondo yekuratidzira kwakakomba nechisimba—uye kuine mhirizhonga iri kuramba ichiitika kune mamwe mativi, akadai seaya vachiri kushatirwa nekupondwa kwevadzidzi 43 uye humwe hutsinye.

Zvinoedza, kana mumwe ari pachigaro chekuita sarudzo, kuenderera mberi nehurongwa husina kubudirira hwematanho maduku uye mazano makuru pamusoro pekugadzirisa-based solutions. Zvinoita sekuita, zvinodzivirira mutengo wekubhadhara vabati vehove nemari yakarasika uye yekumanikidza chaiko, uye inodzivirira kutarisana nemakambani nekupindira mukutengesa zvisiri pamutemo totoaba uko kune mari yakawanda. Izvo zvinotoedza kuwira kumashure pane inorema inivhesiti kusvika parizvino mukugona kwerimwe giya sekubudirira.

United States ndiyo mutengi mukuru weGulf yeCalifornia shrimp.

 Isu tiri musika, sezvo isu tiri zvakare musika wezvigadzirwa zvema cartel. Isu tiri pachena nzvimbo yekuchinjisa ye totoaba iri munzira yekuva muto muChina. Huwandu hwehove dzehove dzakabatwa pabhodha hungangove hwaro hwepamusoro pekutengesa zvisiri pamutemo.

Saka chii chinofanira kuitika?

Hurumende yeUS inofanirwa kujekesa kuti Gulf yeCalifornia shrimp haigamuchirwe kudzamara kuisirwa kwaitwa uye Vaquita yotanga kupora. Hurumende yeUS inofanirwa kusimbaradza kuyedza kudzivirira kutsakatika kwetotoaba - iyo yakanyorwa pasi peCITES neUS Endangered Species Act. Hurumende yeChina inofanirwa kubvisa musika we totoaba nekumanikidza zvirambidzo zvekutengesa uye kuita kuti zvive zvisiri pamutemo kushandisa mhuka dziri mungozi yekurapa kwehutano husina mubvunzo.