Chii chinonzi Drones chine chekuita neTurtles dzeGungwa?

NaCarla García Zendejas

Musi wa15 Gunyana apo vazhinji vekuMexico vakatanga kupemberera Zuva redu reKuzvitonga vamwe vakabatwa nechimwe chiitiko chikuru; nguva yekubika shrimp yakatanga paPacific Coast yeMexico. Vabati vehove vekuMazatlan neTobolobampo kuSinaloa vakatanga kushandisa zvakanyanya mwaka wegore rino. Semazuva ese, mabasa ekuredza achange achicherechedzwa nevakuru vakuru vehurumende, asi rwendo rwuno vachange vachishandisa ndege dzisina njiva kuti vaone nezvekuraura zvisiri pamutemo.

The Mexican Secretariat of Agriculture, Livestock, Rural Development, Fisheries and Food (SAGARPA nechidimbu chayo) inoshandisa helikopta, ndege diki uye ikozvino yave kushandisa isina munhu mumhepo mota dhirone kubhururuka pamusoro pezvikepe zvehove mukuyedza kudzivirira kubatwa kwakaitika. yekamba dzegungwa.

Kubva 1993 mabhoti ekuMexico ainzi Turtle Excluder Devices (TEDs) mumambure avo akagadzirirwa kuderedza uye netarisiro kubvisa kufa kwekamba dzemugungwa. Iwo chete mabhoti e shrimp ane akaiswa zvakanaka maTED anogona kugashira chinodiwa chitupa chekufamba. Mitemo yeMexico yakanyatso kuchengetedza nguruve dzemugungwa kuburikidza nekushandisa maTED kudzivirira kubatwa zvisina tsarukano kwezvipenyu izvi kwakasimudzirwa kuburikidza nekushandiswa kwesetiraiti yekuongorora kwemakore akati wandei.

Nepo mazana evabati vehove akawana kudzidziswa kwehunyanzvi kugadzira mambure nengarava dzawo, vamwe havasati vapihwa zvitupa. Vaya vanoredza vasina zvitupa vari kubata hove zvisiri pamutemo uye chiri kukonzera kunetseka kukuru.

Kutengeswa kunze kwenyika kweshrimp kunomiririra indasitiri yemamiriyoni emadhora muMexico. Gore rapfuura matani 28,117 eshrimp akatengeswa kunze kwenyika aine purofiti yakanyorwa inodarika 268 mamirioni emadhora. Indasitiri ye shrimp inomira 1st mumari yakazara uye yechitatu mukugadzirwa mushure mesardines ne tuna.

Nepo kushandiswa kwemadrones kutora mifananidzo nekutarisa zvikepe zve shrimping kubva kumahombekombe eSinaloa kunoratidzika senzira inoshanda yekumanikidza, zvinoita sekunge SAGARPA yaizoda mamwe madrones nevashandi vakadzidziswa kuti vatarise nemazvo Gulf yeCalifornia pamwe neMexico's Pacific Coast.

Sezvo hurumende yakatarisa mukuvandudza kuteedzerwa kwemitemo yekuredza muMexico vabati vehove vari kubvunza rutsigiro rwakakwana rweindasitiri yehove. Kwemakore vabati vehove vakasimbisa kuti mitengo yekuredza mugungwa rakadzika muMexico iri kuramba ichiderera pakati pekukwira kwemitengo yedhiziri uye mutengo wakakwana wekuisa chikepe. Makorokoto ehove aungana kuzokurudzira mutungamiri wenyika zvakanangana nemamiriro ezvinhu aya. Kana mutengo wemaseiri ekutanga emwaka uno unosvika $89,000 emadhora kukosha kwekuchengetedza hove dzakawanda kunoremedza vabati vehove.

Mamiriro ekunze akakodzera, mvura yakawanda uye mafuta akakwana akakosha pakubatwa kwemusango kwekutanga kwemwaka uko kazhinji kuri kuita rwendo chete zvikepe zvekuredzesa. Kugadzirwa kweShrimp kunomiririra indasitiri yenyika yakakosha asi vabati vehove vanotarisana nedzvinyiriro dzehupfumi kuti vararame. Icho chokwadi chekuti ivo vanofanirwawo kutevedzera nhungamiro yekudzivirira kutsakatika kweturtle yegungwa dzimwe nguva inowira munzira. Nekugona kwekutarisa uye nevashandi mitemo yeSAGARPA yakavandudzwa uye tekinoroji inogona kunge isina kukwana.

Kurudziro yerudzi urwu rwekuongorora kwemhando yepamusoro-soro ingangove yakaitika apo US yakamisa kutengwa kweshiri dzemusango kubva kuMexico muna Kurume we2010 nekuda kwekushandisa zvisina kunaka michina yekubvisa turtle. Kunyangwe yaive nhamba shoma yevafambisi ve shrimp avo vakadomwa kubata tumba twemugungwa nekusaziva zvakakonzera kurova kukuru kuindasitiri. Pasina kupokana vazhinji vakarangarira kurambidzwa kwakaitwa tuna yeMexico muna 1990 zvichikonzerwa nekupomerwa kwakakwira ma dolphin kubatwa nekuda kwehove dzehove. Kurambidzwa kwe tuna kwakatora makore manomwe zvichikonzera mhedzisiro inoparadza kuindasitiri yekuredza yeMexico uye kurasikirwa kwezviuru zvemabasa. Makore makumi maviri nematatu gare gare, hondo dzepamutemo pamusoro pezvirambidzo zvekutengeserana, nzira dzekubata hove uye kunyoreswa kwakachengeteka kwema dolphin kunoenderera mberi pakati peMexico neUS. .

Nepo kurambidzwa kwakaitwa 2010 pashiri dzemusango kwakasimudzwa mushure memwedzi mitanhatu neDhipatimendi reNyika reUS zvakakonzera kuvandudzwa kwemitemo yakaomesesa pakubatwa kwekamba dzemugungwa nevakuru veMexico, chokwadi hapana aida kuona nhoroondo ichizvidzokorora. Sezvineiwo US National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) yakabvisa mutemo unoda maTED pamabhoti ese e trawl shrimp muSoutheastern United States muna Mbudzi wegore rapfuura. Tichiri kunetsekana kuti tiwane chiyero chisina kujeka pakati pevanhu, pasi uye purofiti. Zvakadaro isu tinoziva zvakanyanya, kubatikana zvakanyanya uye zvechokwadi kugadzira zvakanyanya mukutsvaga mhinduro kupfuura zvataimbova.

Hatigoni kugadzirisa matambudziko nekushandisa mafungiro akafanana ataishandisa pataiasika. A. Einstein

Carla García Zendejas igweta rinozivikanwa rezvakatipoteredza kubva kuTijuana, Mexico. Ruzivo rwake uye maonero ake zvinobva pabasa rake rakakura remasangano epasirese uye emunyika pane zvemagariro, zvehupfumi uye zvezvakatipoteredza. Mumakore gumi nemashanu adarika akawana budiriro dzakawanda munyaya dzinosanganisira kugadzirwa kwesimba, kusvibiswa kwemvura, kururamisira kwezvakatipoteredza uye kuvandudzwa kwemitemo yehurumende yejekerere. Akapa vatsigiri vane ruzivo rwakakosha kurwisa zvinokuvadza nharaunda uye zvingangove nengozi ine liquefied gasi rechisikigo zviteshi paBaja California peninsula, US uye kuSpain. Carla ane Masters muMutemo kubva kuWashington College of Law paAmerican University. Carla parizvino ari muWashington, DC uko ari kushanda semupangamazano nemasangano ekunze ezvakatipoteredza.