Kuzvipira kune Ramangwana Rakanaka: Nei Musangano Wedu Wemakungwa Uchiita Kuti Ndiongorore Patsva Yekuyeuka Yehudiki.

Kare ndisati ndatamira nevabereki vangu kuCalifornia ndokuona simba regungwa nemaziso angu, ndaigara muNew York. Imba yangu yekurara yehudiki yaive nerape rebhuruu negorobhu hombe pakona yekamuri. Pakauya muzukuru wangu Julia kuzoshanya, takazvambarara pauriri, uye zvokurara izvozvo zvakava ngarava dzomugungwa. Ipapowo, gumbeze rangu rakashandurwa kuita gungwa guru, rebhuruu, uye romusango.

Rangu rebhuruu regungwa raive nesimba uye rakasimba, rizere nenjodzi dzakavanzika. Zvisinei, panguva iyoyo, hazvina kumbouya kwandiri kuti gungwa rangu rekunyepedzera rakanga riri mungozi kubva mukutyisidzirwa kuri kukura kwekuchinja kwemamiriro ekunze, kusvibiswa kwepurasitiki, uye kudzikira kwezvisikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Fonera mberi makore makumi matatu uye isu tiri munyanza nyowani chokwadi. Gungwa rakatarisana nekutyisidzirwa nekusvibiswa, tsika dzekubata hove dzisingagoneki, uye kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, zvichikonzera kudzikira kwekusiyana-siyana kwezvipenyu sezvo huwandu hwecarbon dioxide mugungwa huchiwedzera.

Muna Kubvumbi we2022, iyo yechinomwe Yedu Ocean Musangano zvakaitika muRepublic of Palau uye zvakaguma nea zvisungo bepa iyo yakapfupisa zvakabuda pamusangano wepasi rose.

Misoro mitanhatu mikuru/madingindira emusangano aive:

1. Shanduko Yemamiriro ekunze: 89 zvisungo, zvakakosha 4.9B
2. Sustainable Fisheries: 60 zvisungo, zvakakosha 668B
3. Sustainable Blue Economies: 89 zvisungo, zvakakosha 5.7B
4. Marine Nzvimbo Dzakachengetedzwa: 58 zvisungo, zvakakosha 1.3B
5. Maritime Security: 42 zvipikirwa, zvakakosha 358M
6. Kusvibiswa kweMarine: 71 zvisungo, zvakakosha 3.3B

Sekutaura kunoita bepa rezvisungo papeji 10, shanduko yemamiriro ekunze chikamu chegwara redingindira rega rega, zvisinei nekuti rakapatsanurwa rimwe nerimwe. Mumwe anogona kukakavara, zvisinei, kuti kupatsanura shanduko yemamiriro ekunze sedingindira pacharo kwakakosha pakuziva kubatana pakati pemamiriro ekunze nenyanza.

Hurumende pasi rose dzakaita zvisungo zvekugadzirisa dambudziko rekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze mugungwa. Semuenzaniso, Australia yakazvipira kupa 4.7M (USD) uye 21.3M (USD) mukutsigira chikamu chechipiri chePacific Regional Blue Carbon Initiative uye chirongwa chekutsigira cheClimate and Oceans, zvichiteerana. European Union ichapa 55.17M (EUR) yekutarisisa kwezvakatipoteredza zvemugungwa kuburikidza nehurongwa hwekutarisa satellite uye sevhisi yedata, pakati pezvimwe zvisungo zvemari.

Ichiziva kukosha kwemangrove, Indonesia yakazvipira 1M (USD) mukugadzirisa kwechisikigo chakakosha ichi. Ireland yakazvipira 2.2M (EUR) kutanga chirongwa chitsva chekutsvagisa chakanangana nebhuruu kabhoni yekuchengetedza uye sequestration, sechikamu cherutsigiro rwemari. United States inopa huwandu hwakakura hwerutsigiro kugadzirisa kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze pagungwa, senge 11M (USD) yeEstimating Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) timu yesainzi, 107.9M (USD) kuti NASA igadzire chiridzwa. kuona zvisikwa zvemumhenderekedzo yegungwa, 582M (USD) yekunatsiridza modhi yegungwa, kuona, uye masevhisi, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda. 

Kunyanya, Iyo Ocean Foundation (TOF) yakagadzirwa zvitanhatu (6) zvezvisungo zvayo, zvese muUSD, kusanganisira:

1. kusimudza 3M kuburikidza neClimate Strong Islands Network (CSIN) yenharaunda dzezvitsuwa zveUS, 
2. kuita 350K yakananga kugungwa acidification yekutarisa kuGulf yeGuinea, 
3. kuita 800K yekutarisa kwegungwa acidification uye kusimba kwenguva refu muzvitsuwa zvepacific, 
4. kusimudza 1.5M kugadzirisa nyaya dzesystemic kusaenzana mune yegungwa sainzi kugona, 
5. kuisa mari 8M mukuedza kwekusimba kwebhuruu muWider Caribbean Region, uye 
6. kusimudza 1B kutsigira mubatanidzwa wegungwa neRockefeller Asset Management.

Pamusoro pezvo, TOF yakafambisa kuvandudzwa kwe Palau yekutanga-kabhoni Calculator, pamwe chete nemusangano.

Zvisungo izvi zvakakosha sedanho rekutanga kubatanidza madotsi pakati pekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye hutano hwegungwa. Nekudaro, mumwe anogona kubvunza, "chii chiri kukosha kwezvisungo izvi?"

Zvisungo Zvinosimbisa Pfungwa yekuti Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze neOcean zvakabatana

Magadzirirwo ezvakatipoteredza akabatana, uye gungwa ndizvo zvimwewo. Kana mamiriro ekunze achidziya, pane zvakanangana negungwa uye maitiro emhinduro anogona kumiririrwa nekabhoni cycle diagram pazasi. Vanhu vazhinji vanoziva kuti miti inochenesa mhepo, asi vangasaziva kuti zvipenyu zvemugungwa zvinogona kushanda zvakapetwa ka50 kupfuura masango mukuchengeta kabhoni. Saka, gungwa chinhu chinoshamisa, chakakodzera kuchengetedzwa, kubatsira kuenzanisa kushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze.

Zvisungo Zvinotsigira Pfungwa yekuti Kuchinja Kwemamiriro ekunze Kukuvadza Zvipenyu Zvipenyu uye Hutano hweManyanza

Kana kabhoni ikapinzwa mugungwa, pane kuchinja kwemakemikari kumvura kusingadzivisiki. Imwe mhedzisiro ndeyokuti pH yegungwa inodonha, zvichiita kuti mvura iwedzere acidity. Kana iwe ukarangarira kubva kuchikoro chesekondari chemakemikari [hongu, yaive nguva refu yapfuura, asi ndapota funga kumashure kumazuva iwayo] kuderera kwepH, kunowedzera acidic, uye yakakwirira pH, iyo inonyanya kukosha. Rimwe dambudziko rinotarisana nehupenyu hwemumvura nderekuti rinongogona kuvapo nerufaro mukati meyakajairwa pH renji. Nokudaro, kubudisa kabhoni kwakafanana kunokonzera kukanganisa kwemamiriro ekunze kunokanganisawo acidity yemvura yegungwa; uye kuchinja uku mumakemikari emvura kunokanganisa mhuka dzinogara mugungwa zvakare. Ona: https://ocean-acidification.org.

Zvisungo Zvinoisa Pamberi Gungwa seHupenyu Hunotsigira Chisikwa Chekushandisa

Hazvikoshi kuti musangano wegore rino wakaitwa muPalau - izvo TOF inoreva seLarge Ocean State (panzvimbo yeSmall Island Developing State). Nharaunda dzinogara dzakatarisa kumberi kwegungwa ndeavo vanoona mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze nekukurumidza uye zvinoshamisa. Nharaunda idzi hadzigone kufuratira kana kuverengera mhedzisiro yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze. Kunyangwe paine nzira dzekudzikisa kukwira kwemvura yekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze, mazano aya haagadzirise dambudziko renguva refu rekuti shanduko yemamiriro ekunze inokanganisa sei kuvimbika kwegungwa. Izvo zvinorehwa nezvisungo ndezvekuziva kwemhedzisiro ichave nekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze panyanza uye nekudaro pamarudzi emunhu pazere, uye kudiwa kwekutora matanho ekufunga kumberi.

Nekudaro, zvisungo zvakaitwa paMusangano Wedu weOcean zvinoshanda nhanho dzinotevera mukuisa pamberi kukosha kwegungwa kupasi redu uye nemhando dzevanhu. Zvisungo izvi zvinoziva simba regungwa, asiwo kusagadzikana kwaro. 

Ndichifunga kumashure kumucheka webhuruu wegungwa muimba yangu yekurara yeNew York, ndinoona kuti zvakanga zvakaoma panguva iyoyo kubatanidza zvakanga zviri “pazasi” pemvura yegungwa kune zvaiitika kumamiriro ekunze “pamusoro” payo. Zvisinei, munhu haagoni kudzivirira gungwa pasina kunzwisisa kukosha kwaro kupasi rose. Chokwadi, shanduko dzemamiriro ekunze edu dzinokanganisa gungwa nenzira dzatichiri kuziva. Nzira chete yekuenda mberi ndeye "kugadzira masaisai" - izvo, mumusangano weOcean Ocean Conference - zvinoreva kuzvipira kune ramangwana riri nani.