Thermoregulating Ectotherm

Ka Jake Zadik, moithuti oa mehleng oa lipuisano le The Ocean Foundation eo hona joale a ithutang Cuba.

Kahoo, ua botsa, ectotherm ea thermoregulating ke eng? Lentsoe "ectotherm" le bolela liphoofolo tseo ka kakaretso li nang le mocheso oa 'mele o lekanang le tikoloho ea tsona. Ha li khone ho laola mocheso oa 'mele oa tsona ka hare. Hangata batho ba li bitsa "mali a batang", empa lentsoe lena le atisa ho khelosa batho hangata ho feta moo. Li-ectotherm li kenyelletsa lihahabi, liphoofolo tse phelang metsing le metsing le litlhapi. Liphoofolo tsena li atisa ho atleha libakeng tse futhumetseng. Phello e tsitsitseng ea matla a mali a futhumetseng (phoofolo) le phoofolo e nang le mali a batang (sehahabi) e le ts'ebetso ea mocheso oa mantlha.

“Thermoregulating,” e bolela bokhoni ba liphoofolo ho boloka mocheso oa tsona oa ka hare, ho sa tsotellehe mocheso. Ha ho bata ka ntle, likokoana-hloko tsena li khona ho lula li futhumetse. Ha ho chesa ka ntle, liphoofolo tsena li na le matla a ho ipholisa le ho se chese ho feta tekano. Tsena ke li-endotherm, tse kang linonyana le liphoofolo tse anyesang. Li-endotherm li na le bokhoni ba ho boloka mocheso oa 'mele o sa fetoheng' me li boetse li bitsoa homeotherm.

Kahoo, nakong ena u ka ’na ua hlokomela hore sehlooho sa blog ena ha e le hantle ke ho ikhanyetsa—sebōpuoa se sa khoneng ho laola mocheso oa ’mele oa sona empa ha e le hantle se na le matla a ho laola mocheso oa ’mele oa sona ka mafolofolo? E, ’me ke sebōpuoa se khethehileng haholo ka sebele.

Ena ke khoeli ea likolopata tsa leoatleng ho The Ocean Foundation, ke ka lebaka leo ke khethileng ho ngola ka kgudu ea leoatleng ea leatherback le thermoregulation ea eona e khethehileng. Patlisiso ea ho sala morao e bonts'itse sekolopata sena se na le litsela tsa ho falla ho pholletsa le maoatle, 'me e lule e le baeti ba lulang libakeng tse ngata tse fapaneng. Li fallela metsing a nang le limatlafatsi tse ngata, empa tse batang haholo ho ea fihla leboea ho Nova Scotia, Canada, 'me li na le libaka tsa ho haha ​​​​metsing a tropike ho pholletsa le Caribbean. Ha ho sehahabi se seng se mamellang maemo a joalo a mocheso ka mafolofolo-ke bua ka mafolofolo hobane ho na le lihahabi tse mamellang mocheso o ka tlaase ho leqhoa, empa li etsa joalo sebakeng sa hibernating. Sena se ’nile sa khahla litsebi tsa likokoana-hloko le litsebi tsa baeloji ea metsing ka lilemo tse ngata, empa morao tjena ho sibolotsoe hore lihahabi tsena tse khōlōhali li laola mocheso oa tsona ka ’mele.

Empa ke li-ectotherm, li etsa see joang?…

Leha e ka bapisoa ka boholo le koloi e nyane e kopaneng, ha e na sistimi e futhumatsang e tlang e tloaelehileng. Leha ho le joalo boholo ba tsona bo phetha karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea mocheso oa tsona. Kaha li khōlō hakaale, likolopata tsa leoatleng tsa leatherback li na le sebaka se tlaase ho ea ho tekanyo ea bophahamo ba molumo, kahoo mocheso oa mantlha oa sekolopata o fetoha butle haholo. Ketsahalo ena e bitsoa "gigantothermy". Bo-rasaense ba bangata ba lumela hore sena e ne e boetse e le tšobotsi ea liphoofolo tse ngata tse kholo tsa pele ho histori nakong ea tlhōrō ea nako ea leqhoa 'me qetellong e ile ea lebisa ho timela ha tsona ha mocheso o qala ho phahama (hobane li ne li sa khone ho pholile ka potlako).

Kgudu e boetse e phuthetsoe ka lesela le sootho la adipose, e leng lera le matla le sireletsang la mafura a atisang ho fumanoa liphoofolong tse anyesang. Tsamaiso ena e na le bokhoni ba ho boloka mocheso o fetang 90% bohareng ba phoofolo, ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea mocheso ka likarolo tse pepeneneng. Ha metsi a mocheso o phahameng, ho etsahala se fapaneng. Flipper stroke frequency e fokotseha haholo, 'me mali a tsamaea ka bolokolohi ho ea lipheletsong ebe a leleka mocheso libakeng tse sa koaheloang ke lisele tse sireletsang.

Likolopata tsa leoatleng tsa Leatherback li atlehile ho laola mocheso oa 'mele oa tsona hoo li khonang ho boloka mocheso oa' mele o sa khaotseng oa likhato tse 18 ka holimo kapa ka tlas'a mocheso o tikolohong. Hoo hoa makatsa hoo bafuputsi ba bang ba phehang khang hobane ts'ebetso ena e finyelloa ka mokhoa oa metabolic, ha e le hantle, likolopata tsa leoatleng tsa leatherback ke li-endothermic. Leha ho le joalo, ts'ebetso ena ha e etsoe ka mokhoa oa tlhaho, kahoo bafuputsi ba bangata ba fana ka maikutlo a hore ena ke mofuta o fokolang oa endothermy ka ho fetisisa.

Leatherback turtles ha se tsona feela li-ectotherm tsa metsing tse nang le bokhoni bona. Bluefin tuna e na le sebopeho se ikhethileng sa 'mele se bolokang mali a bona bohareng ba' mele ea bona 'me e na le mochini o futhumatsang mocheso o tšoanang le oa leatherback. Swordfish e boloka mocheso hloohong ea eona ka lesela le tšoanang le le sireletsang le sootho la adipose ho eketsa pono ea eona ha e sesa metsing a tebileng kapa a batang. Ho boetse ho na le litonanahali tse ling tsa leoatle tse felloang ke mocheso butle butle, tse kang lishaka tse tšoeu tse khōlō.

Ke nahana hore thermoregulation ke tšobotsi e 'ngoe e makatsang ea libopuoa tsena tse ntle tse nang le tse ngata ho feta kamoo motho a ka li bonang. Ho tloha malinyaneng a manyenyane a eang metsing ho ea ho tse tona tse lulang li fula le tse tšehali tse khutlang, ha ho tsejoe tse ngata ka tsona. Bafuputsi ha ba tsebe hantle hore na likolopata tsena li qeta lilemo tse ’maloa tsa pele tsa bophelo ba tsona hokae. E sa ntse e le ntho e makatsang mabapi le hore na liphoofolo tsena tse tsamaeang libakeng tse hōle li tsamaea ka tsela e nepahetseng hakana. Ka bomalimabe re ithuta ka likolopata tsa leoatle ka lebelo le liehang ho feta sekhahla sa ho fokotseha ha baahi ba tsona.

Qetellong e tla tlameha ho ba boikemisetso ba rona ba ho sireletsa seo re se tsebang, le bohelehele ba rona mabapi le likolopata tsa leoatle tse makatsang tse lebisang boitekong bo matla ba paballo. Ho na le lintho tse ngata tse sa tsejoeng ka liphoofolo tsena tse thahasellisang ’me ho phela ha tsona ho sokeloa ke ho lahleheloa ke mabōpo a leoatle a lulang, polasetiki le tšilafalo e ’ngoe leoatleng, le ho tšoasoa ka phoso ka matlooa a ho tšoasa litlhapi le mehala e melelele. Re thuse ho Ocean Foundation ts'ehetsa ba inehetseng ho etsa lipatlisiso le matsapa a paballo ea likolopata tsa leoatleng ka Letlole la rona la Sea Turtle Fund.

References:

1. Bostrom, Brian L., le David R. Jones. “Koetlisa Mofuthu oa Motho e Moholo oa Leatherback
2. Likgudu.”Papiso ea Biochemistry le Physiology Karolo ea A: Molek'hule le Fisioloji e Kopanetsoeng Tlhahiso ea 147.2 (2007): 323-31. Hatisa.
3. Bostrom, Brian L., T. Todd Jones, Mervin Hastings, le David R. Jones. "Boitšoaro le Physiology: Leano la Thermal la Leatherback Turtles." Mong. Lewis George Halsey. PLoS ONE 5.11 (2010): E13925. Hatisa.
4. Goff, Gregory P., le Garry B. Stenson. "Mahlaseli a Brown a Adipose ka Likolopata tsa Leoatleng tsa Leatherback: Setho sa Thermogenic ho Sehahabi sa Endothermic?" Copeia 1988.4 (1988): 1071. Hatisa.
5. Davenport, J., J. Fraher, E. Fitzgerald, P. Mclaughlin, T. Doyle, L. Harman, T. Cuffe, le P. Dockery. "Liphetoho tsa Ontogenetic Sebopehong sa Tracheal li Nolofatsa ho qoela ka botebo le ho Fumaneha ka Metsing a Batsi ka har'a Likolopata tsa Leoatleng tse Khōlō tsa Leatherback." Tlaleho ea Biology ea Tlhahlobo 212.21 (2009): 3440-447. Hatisa
6. Penick, David N., James R. Spotila, Michael P. O'Connor, Anthony C. Steyermark, Robert H. George, Christopher J. Salice, le Frank V. Paladino. "Thermal Independence of Muscle Tissue Metabolism in Leatherback Turtle, Dermochelys Coriacea." Papiso ea Biochemistry le Physiology Karolo ea A: Molek'hule le Fisioloji e Kopanetsoeng Tlhahiso ea 120.3 (1998): 399-403. Hatisa.