I-Diplomacy yase-Ocean: Iingozi eziqhelekileyo kwiZibonelelo ekwabelwana ngazo zinokoyisa njani iPolitiko

Le ngxoxo enzulu yenzeke ngexesha le-American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2022 Annual Meeting.

Ukususela ngoFebruwari 17-20, 2022, i-American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) ibambe inkomfa yabo yonyaka. Ngexesha lenkomfa, UFernando Bretos, IGosa leNkqubo yeThe Ocean Foundation (TOF), lithathe inxaxheba kwiqela elizinikele ngokukodwa ekuhloleni i-Ocean Diplomacy. Ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20 yamava omsebenzi, kuqukwa nohambo olungaphezulu kwama-90 oluya eCuba kumanyathelo enzululwazi, uFernando wabelane ngamava akhe aneleyo okukhangela idiplomacy efunekayo ukwenza umsebenzi wolondolozo olunentsingiselo kwihlabathi jikelele. UFernando unceda ukukhokela iqela le-TOF leCaribbean, lijolise ekomelezeni intsebenziswano yengingqi kunye nobugcisa kunye namandla emali kuzo zonke iinkalo zenzululwazi yolwandle kunye nonxweme. Oku kubandakanya inzululwazi yezentlalo noqoqosho, ngelixa ixhasa umgaqo-nkqubo ozinzileyo kunye nolawulo lwemithombo eyodwa yenkcubeko kunye nendalo yommandla weCaribbean. Iphaneli ye-AAAS yadibanisa iingcali ezifumana izisombululo ezikhethekileyo zokuthatha indawo yezopolitiko egameni lempilo yolwandle. 

I-AAAS ngumbutho waseMelika ongenzi nzuzo wamazwe ngamazwe oneenjongo ezichaziweyo zokukhuthaza intsebenziswano phakathi koosonzululwazi, ukukhusela inkululeko yenzululwazi, kunye nokukhuthaza uxanduva lwenzululwazi. Yeyona ndawo inkulu yezenzululwazi ngokubanzi kwilizwe elinamalungu angaphezu kwe-120,000. Ngexesha lentlanganiso yenyani, amalungu ephaneli kunye nabazimasayo bangene kweminye yemicimbi yesayensi ibalulekileyo ejongene noluntu lwethu namhlanje. 

Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye neempendulo ezintsha ezichasene nalo mxinzelelo zifumana ukukhawuleza kunye nokubonakala njengeendaba zeendaba zehlabathi. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nempilo yolwandle ichaphazela onke amazwe, ngakumbi lawo aselunxwemeni. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenza ngaphesheya kwemida kunye nemida yaselwandle ukufumana izisombululo. Nangona kunjalo ngamanye amaxesha uxinzelelo lwezopolitiko phakathi kwamazwe lungena endleleni. Idiplomacy yolwandle isebenzisa isayensi ukuba ingafumani isisombululo kuphela, kodwa yakha iibhulorho phakathi kwamazwe. 

Yintoni enokunceda iDiplomacy yoLwandle iPhumelele?

Idiplomacy yolwandle sisixhobo sokukhuthaza amazwe anobudlelwane bezopolitiko obuchasayo ukuba aphuhlise izisombululo ekwabelwana ngazo kwizisongelo ezifanayo. Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nempilo yolwandle iyimiba engxamisekileyo yehlabathi, izisombululo kule miba kufuneka zithathe indawo ephezulu.

Ukuphucula iNtsebenziswano yaMazwe ngaMazwe

Idiplomacy yolwandle yavuselela ubudlelwane phakathi kwe-US neRussia, kwanangexesha leMfazwe ebandayo. Ngoxinzelelo lwezopolitiko oluhlaziyiweyo, izazinzulu zase-US kunye nezaseRussia zaphonononga izixhobo ezabelanayo ezinje ngee-walrus kunye neebhere ezimhlophe kwi-Arctic. I-Gulf yaseMexico ye-Marine Protected Area Network, eyazalwa kwi-2014 rapprochement phakathi kwe-US ne-Cuba, yafumana iMexico kwinto ngoku inethiwekhi yengingqi ye-11 ekhuselweyo. Yenziwe nge Inyathelo leZiqu-zintathu kwiNzululwazi yaseLwandle kwiGulf of Mexico, iqela elisebenzayo elithe ukususela ngo-2007 liye ladibanisa izazinzulu ezivela kumazwe amathathu (i-US, iMexico, neCuba) ukwenza uphando lwentsebenziswano.

Ukwandiswa kwesakhono sobuNzululwazi kunye nokubeka iliso

Ulwabiwo olwandle (OA) ii-hubs zokubeka iliso zibalulekile ukuqokelela idatha yesayensi. Njengomzekelo, kukho iinzame zangoku kwiMeditera ukwabelana ngesayensi ye-OA ukuchaphazela umgaqo-nkqubo. Izazinzulu ezingaphezu kwama-50 ezivela kumazwe ali-11 asemantla nakumazantsi eMeditera zisebenza kunye phezu kwayo nje imingeni engaphandle nezopolitiko. Njengomnye umzekelo, iKomishoni yoLwandle lwaseSargasso ibophelela amazwe ali-10 asemdeni wezigidi ezibini zeekhilomitha ze-ecosystem yolwandle evulekileyo phantsi kweSibhengezo saseHamilton, esinceda ukulawula ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa kobutyebi bolwandle oluphezulu.

Idiplomacy yesayensi yolwandle ngumsebenzi wezazinzulu ezikhaliphileyo, uninzi lusebenza emva kwezigcawu ukuqhubela phambili iinjongo zengingqi. Iphaneli ye-AAAS inike ujongo olunzulu ngendlela esinokusebenzisana ngayo ukunqumla imida ukuze sincede ukufezekisa iinjongo zethu ezihlangeneyo.

Abaxhamli beMidiya

UJason Donofrio | IGosa lezoBudlelwane baNgaphandle
Uqhagamshelwano: [imeyile ikhuselwe]; (202) 318-3178

UFernando Bretos | IGosa leNkqubo, iSiseko soLwandle 
Uqhagamshelwano: [imeyile ikhuselwe]