Amazwe asilela kuMbono wokuKhuselwa kooKrebe

I-Monaco, i-13 kaDisemba 2018. Uninzi lwamazwe aluphili kwi-shark kunye nezibophelelo zokukhusela i-ray ezenziwe phantsi kwe-Convention on Migratory Species (CMS), ngokutsho kwabalondolozi. Uphononongo olubanzi olukhutshwe namhlanje nguShark Advocates International (SAI), iiSharks Ahead, amaxwebhu ezenzo zelizwe kunye nezengingqi ze-29 shark kunye neentlobo ze-ray ezidweliswe phantsi kwe-CMS ukusuka kwi-1999 ukuya kwi-2014. Kwintlanganiso ye-CMS egxile kwi-shark kule veki, ababhali bagxininisa iziphumo kwaye wenze iminxeba engxamisekileyo yokwenza:

"Sibonisa ukuba uluhlu lweentlobo ze-shark kunye ne-ray phantsi kwe-CMS lugqithise ukuphunyezwa kwezibophelelo ezibalulekileyo zokukhusela ezi zilwanyana - ngokukodwa ekulobeni ngokugqithisileyo - eziza kunye noluhlu," watsho umbhali-mbhali, uJulia Lawson, umfundi we-PhD kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia. USanta Barbara kunye nomnye umfo we-SAI. "Yi-28% kuphela ehlangabezana nazo zonke izibophelelo ze-CMS zokukhusela ngokungqongqo iintlobo emanzini abo."

Ookrebe kunye nemitha basengozini ngokwendalo kwaye basengozini ngakumbi. Iintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana zilotywa kwiindawo ezininzi, okwenza izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe zibe ngundoqo kwimpilo yabantu. I-CMS sisivumelwano sehlabathi jikelele esijolise kulondolozo lwezilwanyana ezahlukahlukeneyo. Amaqela e-126 CMS azibophelele ekukhuseleni ngokungqongqo iintlobo ezidweliswe kwiSihlomelo I, kwaye asebenze kumazwe ngamazwe ekulondolozeni ezo zidweliswe kwiSihlomelo II.

“Ukungasebenzi kwamazwe angamalungu kutshabalalisa amandla esi sivumelwano samazwe ngamazwe sokwandisa ulondolozo lookrebe nemitha kwihlabathi jikelele, nanjengoko ukuphela kwezidalwa ezithile kusondele,” utshilo uSonja Fordham, umbhali wengxelo nomongameli weShark Advocates International. “Ukuloba sesona sisongelo kookrebe kunye nemitha kwaye kufuneka kujongwe ngokuthe ngqo ngakumbi ukuze kukhuselwe ikamva eliqaqambileyo kwezi zilwanyana zisesichengeni, nezixabisekileyo.”

Ezi ngxaki zingxamisekileyo zilandelayo ziyaqhubeka kookrebe abadweliswe kwiCMS kunye nemitha:

Iikos zeAtlantiki zijonge ekuweni: I-shortfin mako shark yadweliswa phantsi kwe-CMS Appendix II kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo. Abemi baseNorth Atlantic ngoku baphelile kwaye ukuloba ngokugqithisileyo kuyaqhubeka nangona umlinganiselo we-2017 yiKomishoni yamazwe ngamazwe yoLondolozo lwe-Atlantic Tunas (ICCAT) yokumisa ngokukhawuleza. Phantse isiqingatha samaQela e-ICCAT nawo angaMaqela e-CMS kwaye akukho namnye kuwo okhokeleyo okanye ode wabiza esidlangalaleni ukuthobela iingcebiso zezazinzulu zokuthintela ukugcinwa kwe-makos yoMntla we-Atlantiki kunye/okanye ukuvala ukubanjiswa kwe-Atlantiki yaseMzantsi. NjengaMaqela e-CMS kunye nezizwe ezinkulu zokuloba i-mako, i-European Union kunye neBrazil kufuneka zikhokele iinzame zokuseka imida yekonkrithi ye-concrete ye-Mantla kunye ne-South Atlantic, ngokulandelanayo.

Iintlanzi zesawfish zisemngciphekweni wokuphela: Iintlanzi zesawfish zezona zisemngciphekweni wokuphela kuzo zonke iintlobo zokrebe kunye nemitha. IKenya icebise kwaye yakhusela uluhlu lweCMS lweSihlomelo I seentlanzi ezisarha ngo-2014, kwaye ayikazalisekisi isibophelelo esinxulumeneyo sokhuseleko olungqongqo lwesizwe. I-Sawfish isemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuphela eMpuma Afrika. Uncedo lokuseka kunye nokuphunyezwa kokhuseleko lwe-sawfish lufuneka ngokukhawuleza eKenya kunye naseMozambique naseMadagascar.

Iintloko zeehamile ezisengozini zisalotywa. Ookrebe abakhulu be-hammerhead bahlelwa yi-IUCN njengabaseMngciphekweni wehlabathi kodwa basalotywa kwimimandla emininzi kuquka neLatin America. Amalinge e-United States kunye ne-European Union ukukhusela iihammerheads ezidweliswe kwiSihlomelo II ngombutho wabalobi bengingqi kwiMpuma yeTropiki yePasifiki iye yaphazanyiswa yiCosta Rica, iQela leCMS.

Izibonelelo zeManta ray ecotourism azixatyiswa ngokupheleleyo. I-Seychelles izibeka njengenkokeli kuqoqosho oluluhlaza. Imitha yeManta iphakathi kweentlobo ezithandwa kakhulu ngabatshuzi, kwaye zinamandla amakhulu okuxhasa ngokuzinzileyo, iinzuzo zoqoqosho ezingakhiyo. I-Seychelles, i-CMS Party, akukabikho kukhusela esi Sihlomelo seentlobo ezidweliswe kwi-I. Ngapha koko, inyama ye-manta isafumaneka kwiimarike zentlanzi zaseSeychelles, ngaphezulu kweminyaka esixhenxe emva koluhlu.

Amagunya okuloba kunye nokusingqongileyo abanxibelelani kakuhle. Kwimimandla yolawulo lwamashishini okuloba, kukho ukuqondwa okuncinci kwezibophelelo zolondolozo lwe-shark kunye nereyi ezenziwe ngezivumelwano zokusingqongileyo ezifana neCMS. UMzantsi Afrika umisele inkqubo esesikweni yokuxoxa kunye nokulungelelanisa izibophelelo ezilolo hlobo kuzo zonke ii-arhente zikarhulumente ezifanelekileyo inika umzekelo omhle wokuvala esi sikhewu.

Ookrebe Phambili igubungela imilinganiselo yolondolozo yasekhaya yamaQela eCMS kukrebe kunye neentlobo zemitha ezidweliswe phantsi kweSihlomelo se-CMS I ngaphambi kowama-2017: ukrebe omkhulu omhlophe, zonke iintlanzi ezisaha iintlanzi ezintlanu, yomibini imitha ye-manta, zonke iimitha ezilithoba zikasathana, kunye ne-basking shark. Ababhali baphinde bavavanya inkqubela yengingqi ngamaqumrhu okuloba ookrebe kunye nemitha edweliswe kwiSihlomelo II ngeli xesha linye: i-whale shark, i-porbeagle, i-northern hemisphere spiny dogfish, zombini i-makos, zonke ezintathu izibhula, ii-hammerheads ezimbini, kunye ne-silky shark.

Ababhali bachaza ukungabikho kwendlela yokuthotyelwa, ukudideka kwiimbopheleleko ze-CMS, ukungonelanga kwamandla kumazwe asakhulayo kunye ne-Secretariat ye-CMS, kunye nokungabikho kwezigxeko ezigxininisiweyo ngamaqela olondolozo njengemiqobo ephambili yokuzalisekisa izibophelelo zeCMS. Ngaphandle kokhuseleko olungqongqo lwazo zonke iSihlomelo esidweliswe ookrebe kunye nemitha, ababhali bacebisa:

Uqhagamshelwano lwemidiya: Patricia Roy: [imeyile ikhuselwe], +34 696 905 907.

I-Shark Advocates International yiprojekthi engenzi ngeniso ye-Ocean Foundation ezinikele ekukhuseleni imigaqo-nkqubo esekwe kwisayensi kookrebe kunye nemitha. www.sharkadvocates.org

I-Monaco, ngo-Disemba 13, 2018. Namhlanje i-Shark Advocates International (i-SAI) ikhuphe i-Sharks Ahead, ingxelo ebonisa ukuba amazwe ayasilela kwiimbopheleleko zawo zokukhusela iintlobo ze-shark kunye ne-ray ngokusebenzisa i-Convention on Migratory Species (CMS). I-Shark Trust, iProjekthi i-AWARE, kunye nabaKhuseli beZilwanyana zaseNdle basebenzisana ne-SAI kwiinzame zokukhuthaza ukuphunyezwa ngokufanelekileyo kwezi zibophelelo zolondolozo kwaye bayivumile ingxelo ye-SAI. Iingcali zikakrebe kule mibutho zinika ezi nkcazo zilandelayo malunga neziphumo zengxelo:

“Sixhalabile ngakumbi ngokungabikho kwenkqubela phambili yokukhusela i-shortfin makos ekulobeni ngokugqithisileyo,” utshilo u-Ali Hood, uMlawuli woLondolozo lweShark Trust. “Kwiminyaka elishumi emva kokudweliswa kwabo kwi-CMS Appendix II, lo krebe ufuduka kakhulu akakaxhomekeki kwizabelo zamazwe ngamazwe zokuloba okanye imida esisiseko kwilizwe elihlala kakhulu: eSpain. Simema iKhomishini yaseYurophu ukuba ithathe inyathelo kamva kule nyanga - xa bebeka izabelo kuninzi lwezinye iintlobo ezixabisekileyo kwezorhwebo - kwaye bathintele ukufika kweNorth Atlantic shortfin mako, njengoko kucetyiswe zizazinzulu. "

“Imitha ye-Manta ibalasele ngokuba sesichengeni kwayo, iwonga lazo njengezityalo ezikhuselwe ngokungqongqo ngamaQela e-CMS, kunye nokuthandwa kwazo ngabakhenkethi,” utshilo u-Ian Campbell, uMlawuli oDibeneyo woMgaqo-nkqubo weProjekthi AWARE. “Ngelishwa, imitha ye<em>manta isaqhubeka ilotywa ngokusemthethweni kumazwe azinikeleyo ekuyikhuseleni kwaye enokuxhasa ukhenketho lwaselwandle. Amazwe afana neSeychelles ayaxhamla ngokwezoqoqosho kukhenketho olusekwe kwi-manta ukanti anokwenza okungakumbi ukuphuhlisa iindlela zokukhusela iimantas njengenxalenye yezicwangciso zabo zophuhliso 'zoqoqosho oluluhlaza'."

"Le ngxelo igxininisa ukukhungatheka kwethu kwexesha elide ngokuqhubeka nokuloba iihammerheads ezisengozini," kusho uAlejandra Goyenechea, uMcebisi oPhezulu wamazwe ngamazwe wabaKhuseli beZilwanyana zasendle. "Sibongoza iCosta Rica ukuba isebenzisane ne-US kunye ne-EU kwiinzame zokuseka izikhuselo ze-hammerhead zengingqi yePasifiki esempuma yeTropiki kwaye ibabize ukuba bajoyine iPanama neHonduras ukuzalisekisa izibophelelo zabo kubo bonke ookrebe abafudukayo kunye nemitha edweliswe phantsi kweCMS."

Ushicilelo lwe-SAI olunekhonkco kwingxelo epheleleyo, Ookrebe abaPhambili: Ukufezekisa iNkomfa yeZilwanyana eziFudukayo ukuze kugcinwe ii-Elasmobranchs, kufakwe apha: https://bit.ly/2C9QrsM 

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Apho uLondolozo ludibana ne-Adventure℠ projectaware.org

I-Shark Trust lilungu lesisa lase-UK elisebenzela ukukhusela ikamva lookrebe ngotshintsho olulungileyo. sharktrust.org

Abakhuseli beZilwanyana zasendle bazinikele ekukhuseleni zonke izilwanyana zomthonyama kunye nezityalo kwiindawo zabo zendalo. defenders.org

I-Shark Advocates International yiprojekthi ye-Ocean Foundation ezinikele kwinzululwazi esekwe kwimigaqo-nkqubo yokrebe kunye nemitha. sharkadvocates.org