IiMinerali ze-Deep Seabed azikwazi ukuxhasa iNguquko yoHlaza: Icandelo loku-2

Ukuya kuQoqosho oluSetyhula

I-EV, ibhetri, kunye nabavelisi bombane; oorhulumente; kunye neminye imibutho isebenzela - kunye nokukhuthaza abanye ukuba bamkele - uqoqosho olujikelezayo. Uqoqosho olujikelezayo, okanye uqoqosho olusekelwe kwiinkqubo zokubuyisela okanye ukuvuselela, yenza ukuba izibonelelo zigcine ixabiso labo eliphezulu kangangoko kwaye zijolise ekupheliseni inkunkuma. 

Ingxelo yakutshanje ibonisa nje 8.6% zemathiriyeli zehlabathi ziyinxalenye yoqoqosho olujikelezayo.

Ingqwalasela yehlabathi kwiindlela zangoku zokutsalwa kwezibonelelo ezingagcinekiyo iqaqambisa imfuneko yokunyusa le pesenti nokuvuna inzuzo yoqoqosho olujikelezayo. Ingeniso enokwenzeka yoqoqosho lwesetyhula ye-EV iqikelelwa ukufikelela $ 10 yezigidigidi kwi2030. IForam yezoQoqosho yeHlabathi ilindele ukuba imakethi ye-elektroniki yabathengi ifikelele kwi-1.7 yeetriliyoni zeedola ngo-2024, kodwa amanqaku aphezulu abonisa kuphela I-20% yenkunkuma ye-elektroniki iyarisayikilishwa. Uqoqosho lwesetyhula lwe-elektroniki luya konyusa loo pesenti, kwaye ngohlalutyo lwemeko yee-smartphones, izinto zokuphinda zisetyenziswe ezivela kwii-smartphones zodwa kulindeleke ukuba zenze ixabiso le-11.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. 

Iziseko zophuhliso ze-EV kunye ne-electronics circular economies zibone ingqalelo kunye nokuphuculwa kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo.

Tesla Co-umseki JB Straubel Inkampani Redwood Materials inkampani iya kuchitha i-3.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukwakha ibhetri entsha ye-EV yokurisayikilisha kunye neplanti yezixhobo eNevada. Isityalo sijolise ekusebenziseni i-nickel esetyenzisiweyo, i-cobalt, kunye ne-manganese ukwenza iinxalenye zebhetri, ngokukodwa i-anodes kunye ne-cathodes. I-Solvay, inkampani yeekhemikhali, kunye ne-Veolia, ishishini lezinto eziluncedo, badibanisa imikhosi ukuphuhlisa ikhonsortium yoqoqosho lwesetyhula yentsimbi yebhetri yeLFP. Le consortium ijolise ekuncedeni kuphuhliso lwekhonkco lexabiso lokurisayikilisha. 

Uphando lwakutsha nje lukwabonisa ukuba ngo-2050, I-45-52% ye-cobalt, i-22-27% ye-lithium, kunye ne-40-46% ye-nickel zinokubonelelwa ngezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. Ukurisayikilisha kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe imathiriyeli evela kwizithuthi kunye neebhetri kuya kunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwihlabathi kwimathiriyeli esanda kwembiwa kunye nemigodi yasemhlabeni. UClarios ubonise ukuba ukurisayikilishwa kwebhetri kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo njengenxalenye yoyilo kunye nokuphuhliswa kwebhetri, ukukhuthaza abavelisi ukuba bathathe uxanduva lwemveliso yokuphela kobomi.

Iinkampani zombane nazo zijonge ukujikeleza kwaye ngokufanayo ziqwalasela isiphelo sobomi beemveliso.

Kwi-2017, i-Apple ibeka iinjongo zokufezekisa i-100% yoqoqosho lwesetyhula kwaye yandise injongo yayo kwiimveliso ze-Apple. ukuba ingathathi hlangothi ngekhabhoni ngo-2030. Inkampani isebenza ukuze bandakanya iingqwalasela zokuphela kobomi kuphuhliso lwemveliso kunye nomthombo wemathiriyeli enokuphinda isetyenziswe kwaye ihlaziyeke. I-Apple's Thengisa phakathi Inkqubo ivumele ukusetyenziswa kwakhona kwezigidi ezili-12.2 zezixhobo kunye nezincedisi ngabanini abatsha, kwaye irobhothi ye-Apple yodidi oluphezulu iyakwazi ukuhlenga-hlengisa nokususa amacandelo ezixhobo ze-Apple ukuze ziphinde zisetyenziswe kwaye zisetyenziswe kwakhona. I-Apple, i-Google, kunye ne-Samsung nazo zisebenzela ukunciphisa inkunkuma ye-elektroniki ngokunika abathengi ikhaya izixhobo zokuzilungisa.

Ezi nkampani zixhaswa yimigaqo-nkqubo emitsha kunye nezikhokelo ezijolise ekwakheni uqoqosho olujikelezayo.

Urhulumente wase-US usebenza ukunyusa imveliso ye-EV yasekhaya kunye notyalo-mali lwe-3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola, kwaye ubhengeze inkqubo yokurisayikilisha ibhetri eyi-$60 yezigidi. I-US esanda kudlula UMthetho wokuNcitshiswa kwexabiso lentengo ka-2022 ibandakanya inkuthazo yokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo. 

IKhomishini yaseYurophu nayo yakhupha a Isicwangciso sokuSebenza soqoqosho esijikelezayo ngo-2020, ebiza inkunkuma encinci kunye nexabiso elingakumbi kunye nesikhokelo esitsha solawulo lweebhetri. Idalwe yiKhomishini yaseYurophu, i-European Battery Alliance yintsebenziswano ye ngaphezu kwe-750 yaseYurophu kunye ne-non-European abachaphazelekayo ecaleni kwekhonkco lexabiso lebhetri. Uqoqosho lwesetyhula, kunye nokuvuselelwa kwebhetri, zombini zibonisa ukuba i-DSM ayidingeki ukufikelela kwinguqu eluhlaza.