Amaqhawe eCaribbean: Jamaica

nguMark J. Spalding, uMongameli we-Ocean Foundation

Kwiihambo zam ezininzi ndibonakala ndichitha ixesha elininzi kunye nabantu abanomdla kumagumbi enkomfa angenafestile kunamanzi okanye kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo apho abantu abakhathalele ulwandle basebenza khona. Uhambo lokugqibela luka-Aprili lwaluhlukile. Ndibe nethamsanqa lokuchitha ixesha nabantu base Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, emalunga neyure ukusuka kwisikhululo seenqwelomoya saseJamaica saseMontego Bay. 

ILebhu liziko leYunivesithi yaseWest Indies kwaye isebenza phantsi koncedo lweZiko leeNzululwazi zaseLwandle, elikwasindleka iZiko leeNkcukacha zoNxweme lweCaribbean. I-Discovery Bay Marine Lab inikezelwe kuphando kunye nokufundisa abafundi kwibhayoloji, i-ecology, i-geology, i-hydrology, kunye nezinye isayensi. Ukongeza kwiilebhu zayo, izikhephe, kunye nezinye izibonelelo, iDiscovery Bay likhaya kuphela kwegumbi le-hyperbaric kwisiqithi-izixhobo ezinceda abantu abahlukeneyo ukuba baphile kwisifo soxinzelelo (esaziwa nangokuthi "i-bends").   

Phakathi kweenjongo zeDiscovery Marine Lab kukusetyenziswa kophando kulawulo oluphuculweyo lwezowuni yonxweme yaseJamaica esemngciphekweni. Iingqaqa zaseJamaica kunye namanzi akufuphi nonxweme aphantsi koxinzelelo olugqithisileyo lokuloba. Ngenxa yoko, kukho iindawo ezimbalwa nezimbalwa apho iintlobo ezinkulu nezixabisekileyo zinokufunyanwa. Akufunekanga nje kwenziwe iinzame zokuchonga apho oovimba baselwandle kunye nezicwangciso zolawulo eziluqilima zinokunceda iinkqubo zomlambo zaseJamaica ziphinde zifumaneke, kodwa necandelo lempilo yoluntu kufuneka liqwalaselwe. Kumashumi ambalwa eminyaka adlulileyo, kuye kwakho iimeko ezingakumbi nangakumbi zokugula koxinzelelo kubalobi abantywilayo basimahla njengoko bechitha ixesha elininzi phantsi kwamanzi kubunzulu obukhulu ukuhlawula ukunqongophala kweentlanzi zamanzi angekho nzulu, iikreyifishi, kunye neconch—okukhona ushishino lokuloba lwemveli. eyayixhasa uluntu. 

Ebudeni botyelelo lwam, ndadibana noGqr. Dayne Buddo ingcaphephe yeBhayoloji yaseLwandle kwiMarine Invasive Alien Species, uCamilo Trench, iGosa eliyiNtloko lezeNzululwazi, kunye noDenise Henry oyingcali yeBiology. Ngoku uliGosa lezeNzululwazi kwi-DBML, esebenza kwiProjekthi yoBuyiselo lwe-Seagrass. Ukongeza kukhenketho oluneenkcukacha lwamaziko sichithe ixesha sithetha ngekhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neeprojekthi zabo zokubuyiselwa kwengca ye-mangrove kunye nengca yolwandle. Mna noDenise saba nencoko emnandi kakhulu xa sithelekisa neyethu Ingca yolwandle iyakhula iindlela kunye nezo wayezivavanya eJamaica. Siphinde sathetha nangempumelelo enkulu abayifumanayo ekulobeni iLion Fish ehlaselayo kwiindawo zabo ezilulwalwa. Kwaye, ndafunda malunga ne-coral nursery yabo kunye nezicwangciso zokwenza ukubuyisela i-coral kunye nendlela ehambelana ngayo nesidingo sokunciphisa ukungcola okugcwele izondlo kunye nokuhamba kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuloba ngokugqithisileyo. E-Jamaica, ushishino lokuloba oluselunxwemeni luxhasa abalobi abangamagcisa abangama-20,000, kodwa abo balobi banokuphulukana nobomi babo ngenxa yokuphelelwa ngamandla kolwandle.

Isiphumo sokunqongophala kweentlanzi kubangela ukungalingani kwe-ikhosistim nto leyo ekhokelela ebukhosini bezilwanyana ezitya ii-coral. Ngokudabukisayo, njengoko abahlobo bethu abatsha abavela kwi-DBML besazi, ukubuyisela iingqaqa zekorale baya kufuna intabalala yeentlanzi kunye neekreyifishi, phakathi kwemimandla esebenzayo ekungathabathwanga kuyo; into eza kuthatha ixesha ukuyifeza eJamaica. Sonke sibeka esweni impumelelo ye Bluefields Bay, indawo enkulu ekungathabathwanga kuyo kwicala elingasentshona lesi siqithi, ebonakala inceda i-biomass ihlaziyeke. Kufuphi ne-DBML kukho i Indawo yokugcina iintlanzi e-Oracabessa Bay, esasindwendwele. Incinci, kwaye ineminyaka embalwa kuphela ubudala. Ngoko kuninzi okumelwe kwenziwe. Okwangoku, ugxa wethu u-Austin Bowden-Kerby, iNzululwazi ePhezulu kwi-Counterpart International, uthi abantu baseJamaica kufuneka baqokelele "amaqhekeza kwiikorale ezimbalwa ezisindileyo kwindyikityha yesifo kunye neziganeko zokubola (zibubutyebi bemfuza obulungelelaniswe nokutshintsha kwemozulu), kwaye wandule ke uwahlakulele kwiindawo zokukhulisa abantwana—uwagcina ephila yaye ekulungele ukuphinda atyalwe kwakhona.”

Ndabona ukuba mkhulu kangakanani umsebenzi owenziwayo, kwanokuba mkhulu kangakanani na ekufuneka wenziwe ukunceda abantu baseJamaica nobuncwane baselwandle oluxhomekeke kubo uqoqosho lwabo. Kuhlala kukhuthaza ukuchitha ixesha nabantu abazinikeleyo njengabantu abakwiDiscovery Bay Marine Laboratory eJamaica.

uhlaziyo: IiNdawo Ezine Ezingakumbi Zokugcinwa Kwentlanzi Ziza Kumiselwa ngokusebenzisa Inkonzo yoLwazi yaseJamaica, Ngamana 9, 2015

Ikhredithi yeFoto: Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, MJC Crabbe ngeMarine Photobank