Iinkosi zokuZifihla

Xa kuziwa ekusindeni elwandle, ngamanye amaxesha olona khuselo lungcono lolona lufihlakeleyo. Zixhotyiswe ngemilo eguqukayo kunye nokutshintsha kombala, izidalwa ezininzi zaselwandle ziye zaguquka zaba ziincutshe zokuzifihla, zixubana ngokugqibeleleyo neendawo zazo zokuhlala ezizingqongileyo.

Kwizilwanyana ezincinci, ukuziqhelanisa okunjalo kungqina ukuba kubalulekile xa kuziwa ekubhidekeni nasekuphepheni amarhamncwa anokubakho. Amaphiko akhazimlayo enamba yolwandle enamagqabi, umzekelo, aphantse afane nekhaya lentlanzi yaselwandle, nto leyo eyivumela ukuba izimele kwindawo ecacileyo.

Ezinye izilwanyana zasemanzini zisebenzisa i-camouflage ukodlula ixhoba elingaqapheliyo, zinika abazingeli into eyothusayo kunye nemveliso yamandla encinci. Thatha intlanzi yeengwenya, umzekelo. Igqunywe ngumgangatho oyisanti wolwandle onxulunyaniswa neingqaqa zekorale zamanzi angekho nzulu, intlanzi eyingwenya iyakulinda iiyure ezininzi ukuze ilalele unonkala odlulayo okanye iminnow.

Ukusuka kwiinguqulelo ezintsonkothileyo zomzimba ukuya kwithuku lethuku lokutshintsha kombala, izidalwa zaselwandle ziye zavelisa ngokucacileyo ezinye zeendlela ezikrelekrele ngakumbi zokuhamba nokusinda kwizilwanyana “zokubulala okanye ukubulawa”. Sekunjalo, olunye uhlobo luye lwangqineka luzodlula zonke ezinye kubuchule balo bokuzifihla ngaphantsi kwamanzi.

Ingwane, i-thaumoctopus micus, iye yaphazamisa zonke iingcamango zesayensi malunga nemida yokulinganisa. Uninzi lweentlobo zinethamsanqa ukuba zivele nje enye into efihlakeleyo ukuze iphephe amarhamncwa okanye ixhoba. Hayi ingwane yokulinganisa. Ukulinganisa kweThaumoctopus sisilwanyana sokuqala esakhe safunyanwa ukuba samkele inkangeleko kunye nokuziphatha kwezinto ezingaphezu kwesinye. Ukuhlala kumanzi afudumeleyo namdaka asuka e-Indonesia naseMalaysia, ingwane elinganisayo, kwimeko yayo yesiqhelo, inokulinganisa ukuba ibe malunga neemitha ezimbini ubude, iziqhayisa ngemigca emdaka namhlophe kunye namabala. Nangona kunjalo, i-thaumoctopus mimicus ayifane ihlale ijongeka njenge-octopus ixesha elide. Enyanisweni, i-tentacle shape-shifter ibinobuchule bokungabi yi-octopus, yaye yaphumelela ukufunyaniswa ngumntu de kwangowe-1998.

Nakwisiseko, zonke ii-octopus (okanye i-octopi, zombini zichanekile ngokobuchwephesha) ziinkosi zobuchwephesha. Ngenxa yokuba zingenamathambo, iingwane ziingcali zokuxinana, ezilawula lula amalungu azo amaninzi ukuze zicudise kwiindawo ezixineneyo okanye ziguqule inkangeleko yazo. Ngokuphazima kweso, ulusu lwabo lunokutshintsha ukusuka kumtyibilizi nokutyibilika, libe namaqhuma namagingxigingxi kwimizuzwana nje embalwa. Kwaye, ngenxa yokwandiswa okanye ukucutheka kweechromatophores kwiiseli zabo, umbala we-octopus unokutshintsha ngokukhawuleza ipatheni kunye nomthunzi ukuze uhambelane nemeko engqongileyo. Yintoni eyahlula i-octopus efana noontanga bayo be-cephalopod ayizompahla zayo ezimangalisayo, kodwa i-chops yayo engenakulinganiswa.

Njengabo bonke abadlali ababalaseleyo, ingwane yokulinganisa ibonelela abaphulaphuli bayo. Xa ijamelene nerhamncwa elilambileyo, le ngwane isenokuzenza ingonyama enetyhefu ngokuthi ilungelelanise iintente zayo ezisibhozo ukuze zifane nemigca yentlanzi enemigca.

Okanye mhlawumbi isenokuwenza umcaba umzimba wayo uphelele ukuze ubukeke njengengca okanye inyonyo enetyhefu.

Ukuba iyahlaselwa, ingwane inokulinganisa inyoka yaselwandle enetyhefu, igqobhoze intloko neentente zayo ezintandathu ngaphantsi komhlaba ize ijije amalungu ayo aseleyo ngendlela yenyoka.

Le octopus efana nayo iye yabonwa izenza amahashe olwandle, i-starfish, oononkala, i-anemones, i-shrimp kunye ne-jellyfish. Ezinye izinxibo zayo azikabethelwa phantsi okwangoku, njengendoda ebalekayo emnandi eboniswe ngezantsi.

Enye into engaguqukiyo kwiimaski ezininzi ze-octopus kukuba nganye iyabulala ngokucacileyo okanye ayinakutyiwa. Le octopus efanisiweyo iye yaqonda ngokuqaqambileyo ukuba ngokuzenza ngathi zizilwanyana eziyingozi ngakumbi, inokuhamba ngokukhululekileyo nangokukhuselekileyo kulo lonke ikhaya layo elingaphantsi kwamanzi. Ngolwandle olufihlakeleyo olukhoyo kwaye azikho ezinye iintlobo ze-cephalopod ezizibandakanya ekulingiseni, ingwane eyi-mic ngokuqinisekileyo ibeka ukhuseleko lwe-inki-squirt yesiko kwaye ibaleke iingwane zibe neentloni.