Ukuzinza koLwandle kunye noLawulo lweZibonelelo zeHlabathi

UMark J. Spalding, uMongameli we-Ocean Foundation

Kwinyanga ephelileyo ndiye kwisixeko esisezibukweni iKiel, ikomkhulu lephondo laseJamani iSchleswig-Holstein. Ndandikhona ukuze ndithathe inxaxheba kwi I-Ocean Sustainability Science Symposium. Njengenxalenye yeeseshini zakusasa zakusasa, indima yam yayikukuthetha “ngoLwandle olukwi-Anthropocene-Ukusuka Ekubhubheni kweMigxobhozo yeCoral ukuya ekuNyukeni kweeSediments zePlastiki.” Ukulungiselela le simpoziyam kundivumele ukuba ndiphinde ndicinge kwakhona ngobudlelwane bomntu nolwandle, kwaye sizame ukushwankathela oko sikwenzayo kunye noko kufuneka sikwenze.

Kufuneka sitshintshe indlela esiluphatha ngayo ulwandle. Ukuba siyayeka ukulimaza ulwandle, luya kuphila ngokuhamba kwexesha ngaphandle koncedo oluvela kuthi. Siyazi ukuba sithatha izinto ezininzi ezilungileyo ngaphandle kolwandle, kwaye sifaka izinto ezimbi kakhulu. Kwaye ngokunyukayo, sikwenza ngokukhawuleza kunokuba ulwandle lunokuphinda luzalise izinto ezilungileyo kwaye lubuyele kokubi. Ukususela kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II, izinto ezimbi ziye zanda ngokuthe ngcembe. Okubi kakhulu, ngakumbi nangakumbi akusiyo ityhefu kuphela, kodwa kunye ne-non-biodegradable (ngokuqinisekileyo kuyo nayiphi na ixesha elifanelekileyo). Imijelo eyahlukeneyo yeplastiki, umzekelo, isiya elwandle kunye namachweba, iqokelelana kwiijire ezintlanu kwaye iqhekeke ibe ngamasuntswana amancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. Loo masuntswana afumana indlela yawo kwikhonkco lokutya kwezilwanyana nakubantu ngokufanayo. Nkqu neekorale zifunyenwe zitya ezi ntwana zincinci zeplastiki-zifunxa ityhefu, ibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane ezizicholileyo kunye nebloc.ukufunxa ukumkani izondlo zokwenene. Olu luhlobo lokwenzakala olumele luthintelwe ngenxa yazo zonke izinto eziphilayo emhlabeni.

Sinokuxhomekeka okungenakuthintelwa nokungenakuphikiswa kwiinkonzo zolwandle, nokuba ulwandle alukho ngenene apha ukuze lusikhonze. Ukuba siyaqhubeka nokuseka ukukhula koqoqosho lwehlabathi kulwandlekazi, kwaye njengoko abanye abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo bejonge elwandle “lokukhula okuluhlaza” okutsha kufuneka:

Zama ukungenzi nto
• Ukudala amathuba okubuyisela impilo yolwandle kunye nokulingana
• Lususe uxinzelelo kwintembeko yoluntu ekwabelwana ngayo—i commons

Ngaba singayikhuthaza intsebenziswano yamazwe ngamazwe ebotshelelwe kwindalo kanye yolwandle njengomthombo wokwabelana wamazwe ngamazwe?

Siyazazi izoyikiso kulwandlekazi. Enyanisweni, sinoxanduva kwimeko yayo yangoku yokuthotywa. Singazichonga izisombululo kwaye sithathe uxanduva lokuziphumeza. I-Holocene iphelile, singene kwi-Anthropocene-oko kukuthi, igama elichaza ngoku i-geological epoch eyimbali yanamhlanje kwaye ibonisa iimpawu zempembelelo ebalulekileyo yomntu. Siye savavanya okanye sagqitha kwimida yendalo ngemisebenzi yethu. 

Njengoko omnye ugxa wethu ebetshilo mvanje, siye sazikhupha kwiparadesi. Sonwabele iminyaka emalunga ne-12,000 yemozulu ezinzileyo, enokuqikelelwa ngokwentelekiso kwaye senze umonakalo owaneleyo ngokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwa ziimoto zethu, iifektri kunye nezixhobo zamandla ukuze sincamise oko ndlela ntle.

Ukutshintsha indlela esiphatha ngayo ulwandle, kufuneka sichaze uzinzo ngakumbi kunokuba besisenza ngaphambili - ukubandakanya: