Ukulala notshaba - ukuba asifundanga ukuhlala notshintsho lwemozulu siza kutshabalala!

NguNirmal Jivan Shah weNdalo yaseSeychelles kunye neLungu leBhodi yeeNgcebiso ze-TOF
le blog yavela kuqala kwi-International Coalition of Tourism Partners Iindaba zeLungu

Lelona bali libalaseleyo ebomini bethu-ibali lamanani alinganayo. Iyelenqe ukuza kuthi ga ngoku: Ukutshintsha kwemozulu kusichaphazela njani kwaye sihlangabezana njani nako?

Akukho ngxoxo mpikiswano kwizithili ezinjengeSeychelles ukuba utshintsho lwemozulu luyenzeka. Endaweni yoko, inqaku yindlela esijamelana ngayo ne-gorilla engama-500 egumbini? Inzululwazi, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo kunye nee-NGO zonke ziyavuma ukuba zimbini kuphela iindlela zokulwa utshintsho lwemozulu. Inye yaziwa njengonciphiso olubhekisa kwimigaqo-nkqubo kunye namanyathelo ayilelwe ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kweGesi yeNdlu. Olunye ulungelelwaniso olubandakanya uhlengahlengiso okanye utshintsho kwizigqibo, nokuba zikwinqanaba likazwelonke, elasekhaya okanye lomntu owonyusa ukomelela okanye ukunciphisa ukuba semngciphekweni kutshintsho lwemozulu. Umzekelo, ukuhambisa ezinye iindlela kunye neziseko ezingaphakathi elizweni ukusuka kumanxweme ukunciphisa ukubekeka kwimeko yesiphango kunye nokunyuka komphakamo wolwandle yimizekelo yokwenyani. Kuthi eSeychelles uhlengahlengiso sesona sisombululo sinokusebenzisana naso.

Abantu Banetyala

Kule minyaka ingama-20 idlulileyo iSeychelles iye yafumana uqhwithela, iimvula ezinkulu, amaza alatyuzayo, amanzi ashushu olwandle, i-El Nino kunye ne-El Nina. Indoda esika ingca yam nayo, njengayo yonke iSeychellois, ibikwazi kakuhle oku. Malunga neminyaka eli-10 eyadlulayo, emva kokunyamalala okwethutyana ukubonakala kwendwendwe egadini yam kwacaciswa 'yiNkosi, uEl Nino pe don mon poum' (uBoss, uEl Nino undinika ii-hassles). Nangona kunjalo umdlalo ohlekisayo unokujika ube yintlekele. Ngo-1997 nango-1998 iimvula ezibangelwe yi-El Nino zidale iintlekele ezikhokelela kumonakalo oqikelelwa kwi-30 ukuya kwi-35 yezigidi zeRupees.

Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba ziintlekele, kwiimeko ezininzi, zinengcambu yazo kuhlobo oluthile lwabantu abakholelwa ukuba bazi ngcono kunaye wonke umntu. Aba ngabantu abathatha iindlela ezimfutshane kulwakhiwo, abazimela kubacwangcisi bomzimba kwaye bahlekise ngeenjineli zaseburhulumenteni. Basika iinduli, baphambukisa amafu, basusa isimbozo sezityalo, bakha iindonga elunxwemeni, babuyisa imigxobhozo kwaye bakhanyisa imililo engalawulekiyo. Into eqhele ukwenzeka yintlekele: ukuqhekeka komhlaba, ukuwa kwamatye, izikhukula, ukulahleka kweelwandle, imililo yamatyholo kunye nokuwa kwezakhiwo. Abaphelelanga nje ekuyisebenziseni kakubi imeko-bume kodwa ekugqibeleni ngokwabo nakwabanye. Kwiimeko ezininzi nguRhulumente, imibutho yesisa kunye neenkampani zeinshurensi ekufuneka zithathe le thebhu.

Bye Bye Kwiilwandle

Umhlobo olungileyo unomdla wokuthengisa into abantu abaninzi abanokuthi bayithathe njengepropathi ephambili yolwandle. Uye wabona utshintsho kumaza olwandle notshintsho kwiminyaka eliqela kwaye ukholelwa ukuba ipropathi yakhe isengozini enkulu yokuwela elwandle.

Wonke umntu ukhumbula uqhwithela olungathethekiyo olwahlasela ezinye iziqithi zethu kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Kwincwadi epapashwe yi-Bhanki yeHlabathi kunye noRhulumente wase-Seychelles ngo-1995 ndaye ndaqikelela ukuba uqhwithela kunye nophuhliso lonxweme ziyakungqamana. "Utshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokwahluka kwemozulu kusenokubangela ifuthe kuphuhliso olungazinzanga lwemimandla yonxweme kunye nezixhobo. Kananjalo ezi mpembelelo ziya kwandisa umngcipheko wemimandla eselunxwemeni kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokunyuka komgangatho wolwandle. ”

Kodwa ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela! Ukuchaphazeleka okubi ngakumbi kunyaka ophelileyo kwabonwa kwiindawo apho iziseko zoncedo zibekwe kwiindunduma zesanti okanye kwiiberms. Oku kubandakanya iindlela ezinje ngeAnse a la Mouche apho ezinye iindawo zikumhlaba weendunduma, kunye nezakhiwo kunye neendonga ezinjengezo zaseBeau Vallon ezakhiwe kunxweme olomileyo. Sizibeke kwindlela yemikhosi ekungekho mntu unokuyilawula. Eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu esinokuyenza kukucwangcisa izinto ezintsha ngokwala mgca ubuyileyo umva sihlala sithetha ngawo kodwa imbeko ezimbalwa.

Masithethe ngokubila, sana lwam…

Awuphosisi ukuba uziva ubila ngaphezulu kunesiqhelo. Izazinzulu ngoku zibonisile ukuba ubushushu behlabathi bubangela ukufuma kwandise kwaye abantu babile ngakumbi. Amaqondo obushushu afudumeleyo kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kuya kuba nefuthe kwimpilo nakwintlalo-ntle yabantu kunye nakwizilwanyana zasendle. Abantu abadala baya kuba semngciphekweni. Abakhenkethi banokufumana iimeko eSeychelles zingonwabisi okanye bahlale ekhaya kuba kuyabanda kancinci.

Uphononongo olutsha olupapashwe kwiphephancwadi elidumileyo i-Nature lubonisa ukuba nge-2027 i-Seychelles izakungena kwindawo eshushu eshushu engazange ibekho ngaphambili. Ngamanye amagama owona nyaka ubandayo eSeychelles emva kowama-2027 uya kuba shushu kunowona nyaka ushushu wakha wanamava kule minyaka ili-150 idlulileyo. Ababhali besifundo babhekisa kweli nqanaba "njengokuhamba kwemozulu."

Kufuneka siqale ukuziqhelanisa neSychelles eshushu ngokuyila ngokutsha iziseko zophuhliso. Izakhiwo ezitsha kunye namakhaya kufuneka ayile ukuba apholile ngokwamkela "uyilo oluluhlaza". Iifeni ezisebenzisa amandla elanga kunye nomoya opholileyo kufuneka zibe yinto eqhelekileyo kwizakhiwo ezindala. Ngokuqinisekileyo, kufanele ukuba siphande ukuba yeyiphi imithi enokupholisa iindawo ezisezidolophini ngokukhawuleza emthunzini nasemva kokuphefumla.

ILizwi le-F

ILizwi le-F kule meko kukutya. Ndifuna ukuxoxa ngotshintsho lwemozulu kunye nokunqongophala kokutya okuzayo. I-Seychelles ikukugqibela e-Afrika ngokubhekisele kutyalo-mali kwezolimo. Ukugxininiswa kule meko imbi kakhulu kuza utshintsho lwemozulu. Isimo sezulu esibi sichaphazele ezolimo eSeychelles. Imvula engalunganga yonyaka yonakalisa iifama kunye nembalela yexesha elide ibangela ukusilela nobunzima. Uluhlu nolwabiwo lweentlobo zezitshabalalisi luyanda ngenxa yemvula ephezulu kunye nokunyuka kokufuma kunye nobushushu.

I-Seychelles ikwanendawo enkulu yokuthambisa i-carbon kwikhaphethi nganye e-Afrika. Inxalenye elungileyo yoku ivela ekuxhomekekeni okunzima kwiimveliso ezingenisiwe ezibandakanya ipesenti yezinto zokutya. Iindlela ezintsha zokudala ukulima ukutya okufanelekileyo ziyafuneka ukwakha ukomelela kwezentlalo kunye nendalo. Kufuneka sithathe ezolimo ngaphaya kweefama zemveli kwaye sizenze ziqwalaselwe ngumntu wonke ukuze sikwazi ukuba nenkqubo yokuvelisa ukutya kwesimo sezulu esisebenzisa imozulu ngobuchule. Kuya kufuneka sixhase ngokunyanisekileyo igadi yasekhaya neyoluntu kwilizwe ngokubanzi kwaye sifundise ubuchule bemozulu kunye nezoqoqosho kwezolimo. Enye yeekhonsepthi endizisasazileyo “kukutyalwa komhlaba okutyayo” okunokwenzeka kuzo zonke iindawo zethu ezisezidolophini.

Utshintsho lwemozulu luyandigulisa

Utshintsho lwemozulu lunokonyusa izoyikiso zeChikungunya, iDengue kunye nezinye izifo ezisasazwa ziingcongconi ngeendlela ezininzi. Enye indlela kukonyusa amaqondo obushushu aphantsi kwezifo ezininzi kunye neengcongconi, kunye nenye ngokuguqula indlela yemvula ukuze amanzi afumaneke kwindalo yeengcongconi ukuba zizale.

Amagosa ezempilo acebise ukuba umthetho omiselweyo wolawulo lweengcongconi kufuneka usekwe kwaye unyanzeliswe ngokungqongqo njengaseSingapore naseMalaysia. Oku kunye namanye amanyathelo angxamiseka ngakumbi njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu lunokubangela ukukhula kweengcongconi.

Amalungu oluntu anendima ebalulekileyo ekufuneka eyidlalile ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo ekuzalelwa kuyo iingcongconi ziyasuswa. Oku kubaluleke ngakumbi kula maxesha anzima ezoqoqosho xa indlela yokuziphatha kunye neepateni zentlalo ziqala ukuba buthathaka phantsi koxinzelelo.

Lungisa ungayenzi into

Ukulungiselela utshintsho lwemozulu kungasindisa ubomi, kodwa ukusindisa ubomi kufuneka sincedise nabantu ukuba bangabi sengozini kwaye bomelele ngakumbi. Okwangoku yonke iSeychellois ngethemba lokuba iyazi malunga nokulungela kwentlekele. Iiarhente zikarhulumente kunye neeNGO ezinje ngeRed Cross zonke bezithetha ngocwangciso lwentlekele. Kodwa, intlekele eyenzekileyo emva kweNkanyamba uFelleng iyangqina ukuba abantu neziseko zophuhliso abomelelanga ngokwaneleyo ukujongana neziganeko ezinjalo.

Iingxaki ziya zisiba mbi njengoko abantu abaninzi kunye nezixhobo ezibiza kakhulu zibekwa kwiindawo zonxweme. Umonakalo wesaqhwithi uye ubize kakhulu ngenxa yokuba izindlu kunye neziseko zophuhliso zikhulu, zininzi kwaye zicace ngakumbi kunangaphambili.

INgxowa-mali yoNcedo lweNtlekele kaZwelonke, endililungu layo, ikwazile ukunceda iintsapho ezininzi ezisweleyo ezichaphazeleke yimvula ebangelwe yi-Felleng. Kodwa ezinye izinto ezinje ngeFelleng ziya kwenzeka kwixa elizayo. Ziza kujongana njani nazo ezi ntsapho?

Zininzi iimpendulo kodwa singagxila kokumbalwa. Siyazi ngamava ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yeinshurensi, iikhowudi zokwakha, kunye nemisebenzi yobunjineli njengamanzi yayizezona zinto zibaluleke kakhulu ezichaphazele indlela esamelana ngayo neendleko zesaqhwithi kunye nomonakalo wezikhukula emva kweziganeko zesiphango. Abantu abaninzi babonakala bengenayo i-inshurensi yezikhukula kwaye uninzi luye lwakha izindlu ezinamanzi anganeleyo amanzi, umzekelo. Le yeyona micimbi iphambili ekufuneka ijolise kuyo kwaye iphuculwe kuba ukuphuculwa kunokunciphisa ukubandezeleka okukhulu kwixa elizayo.

Inqwelo moya ayilwi

Ayisiyongqondo: ukujonga nje ePort Victoria kwaye kwangoko iyaqonda ukuba kungenzeka ukuba sele siphumelele emfazweni ngokuchasene notshintsho lwemozulu. Izibuko lezorhwebo nelezokuloba, elonxweme, elezomlilo kunye neleenkonzo ezingxamisekileyo, ukuveliswa kombane, kunye neendawo zokugcina ukutya okutya kunye nesamente zonke zikummandla onokuthi uthwale uxinzelelo lwempembelelo zemozulu. Nditsho nesikhululo seenqwelomoya saseSeychelles saMazwe ngaMazwe sakhiwe kumhlaba ophantsi onamanzi kwakhona, nangona eli yayilixesha apho ukutshintsha kwemozulu kwakungeyongcamango.

Le mimandla iselunxwemeni kunokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba ifumane ukunyuka kwenqanaba lolwandle, izaqhwithi kunye nezikhukula. Yintoni iingcali zotshintsho lwemozulu eziyibiza ngokuba "yindlela yokubuyela umva" kunokuba yinto efanelekileyo ukujonga ezinye zazo. Iindawo ezizezinye zeenkonzo zongxamiseko, ukutya kunye nokugcinwa kwepetroli kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla kufuneka kube ziindawo eziphambili zeengxoxo zesicwangciso esiliqili sesizwe.

Ndikuthembisile iGarden Coral

Ngo-1998, i-Seychelles yafumana isiganeko sokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi kwi-coral ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaqondo olwandle, okwakubangela ukuwa kunye nokufa kweekorale ezininzi. Iingqaqa zekorale zibaluleke ngokukodwa kwimimandla yendalo ephilayo elwandle kunye neendawo ezizalela kuzo iintlanzi nezinye iintlobo zorhwebo ezithembele kuqoqosho lwaseSeychelles. Iingqaqa zikwasebenza njengomgca wokuqala wokhuselo kumanqanaba olwandle anyukayo.

Ngaphandle kwezixhobo eziphilileyo zekorale, iSeychelles ingaphulukana nengeniso exabisekileyo enxulumene nezokhenketho kunye nokuloba kwaye isenokwandisa ubungozi bayo kwiingozi ezibizayo kunye neentlekele ezinxulumene notshintsho lwemozulu.

Esona sisombululo sinika umdla kwaye sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kumaxesha akutshanje yiprojekthi yoMhlanguli weReef ephunyezwa kwiziqithi zasePraslin naseCousin. Le yiprojekthi yokuqala enkulu emhlabeni yohlobo lwayo isebenzisa indlela "yokulima i-coral reef". Iprojekthi yokubuyisela ayijolisanga "ukubuyisa ixesha" kodwa ijonge ukwakha iingqaqa ezinokukwazi ukumelana neempembelelo zotshintsho lwemozulu ingakumbi ubumhlophe.

Sukungathathi cala malunga notshintsho lwemozulu- Yiba yiCarbon engathath'icala

Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo bekukho ingqumbo kwalapha ekhaya ngenqaku elikwiphephandaba laseJamani elalibizwa ngokuba "yiSylt, hayi iSeychelles." Eli phephandaba lalikhuthaza amaJamani azizityebi ukuba angabhabheli kwiindawo ezinde njengeeSychelles kodwa endaweni yeholide kwiindawo ezisondele kakhulu njengesiqithi saseSylt ngenxa yokukhutshwa kobushushu behlabathi obubangelwa kukuhamba umgama omde.

Iphepha lezesayensi likaNjingalwazi Gossling waseSweden libala ubalo olubonisa ukuba ukhenketho lwaseSeychelles lwenza into ebonakalayo kwindalo. Isiphetho kukuba ukhenketho eSeychelles akunakuthiwa lulungile kwindalo okanye luzinzile kokusingqongileyo. Ezi ziindaba ezimbi kuba uninzi lwabakhenkethi baseSeychelles ngabantu baseYurophu abakwaziyo ukukhuselwa kwendalo.

Ukuhambisa uhambo olungenatyala kwiCousin Island Special Reserve Nature yaseSychelles eguqule umzala waba sisiqithi sokuqala sekhabhoni esingathathi hlangothi kunye nendawo yolondolozo lwendalo ngokuthenga iikhredithi zekhabhoni ezingasasebenziyo kwiiprojekthi zokulungiswa kwemozulu. Ndisungule eli nyathelo linomdla kwi-Seychelles Tourism Expo yokuqala phambi koMongameli uMnu James Alix Michel, Mnu Alain St. Ange kunye nabanye. Ezinye iziqithi zaseSeychelles, ezinjengeLa Digue, ngoku zinokuhla ngendlela engathathi cala kwikhabhoni.

Imali Elahlekileyo Kodwa Inzala Efumanekileyo

"Umzi-mveliso we-tuna uvaliwe kwaye ndifuna umsebenzi". UMagda, ongomnye wabamelwane bam, wayebhekisa kumzi-mveliso weenkonkxa ze-Tuna Ocean eyayivaliwe okwethutyana ngo-1998. I-Seychelles Breweries nayo yayivala imveliso okwexeshana. Kwakuloo nyaka, amanzi ashushu oLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya abangela ukuba ibala elimnyama lekorale kunye notshintsho olukhulu ekufumanekeni kwetyhuna kwizikhephe zokuloba. Imbalela ende ethe yalandela ikhokelele ekuvalweni okwethutyana kwemizi-mveliso kunye nelahleko yengeniso kwicandelo lokhenketho lokuntywila. Izantyalantyala zemvula ezinkulu ngokungaqhelekanga eza kamva zabangela ukonakala komhlaba kunye nezikhukula.

Ngo-2003, esinye isiganeko semozulu esaba nemiphumo efana nenkanyamba sonakalisa iPraslin, iCurieuse, iCousin kunye neziqithi zeCousine. Iindleko zentlalo nezoqoqosho zazinzulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba bezise iqela elivela kwiNkqubo yezeNdalo yeZizwe eziManyeneyo ukuvavanya umonakalo. I-Tsunami khange ibangelwe kukutshintsha kwemozulu kodwa umntu unokucinga ngokulula amaza afanayo abangelwa kukudibana kokuphakama komphakamo wolwandle, uqhwithela lwesaqhwithi kunye namaza aphezulu. Iimpembelelo zeTsunami kunye nezantyalantyala zemvula ezalandelayo zikhokelele kumonakalo oqikelelweyo we-US $ 300 yezigidi.

Iindaba ezimbi zidanjiswa lilungelo lentlalontle elizweni. Uphando lobuvulindlela olwenziwe ngabaphandi baseBritane nabaseMelika lubonakalisile ukuba iSeychelles, kuwo onke amazwe akummandla, inokuba nesikhundla esiphezulu kwezentlalo noqoqosho ukuze ikwazi ukumelana notshintsho lwemozulu. Xa kuthelekiswa nokuthi iKenya kunye neTanzania apho ukuloba ngokugqithileyo, i-coral bleaching, ungcoliseko kunye nokunye okunje kuqhubela abantu phambili kumgibe wentlupheko, isalathiso sophuhliso oluphezulu lwabantu eSeychelles kuthetha ukuba abantu banokufumana ubuchwepheshe kunye nezinye izisombululo kwingxaki

Abantu baMandla

UMongameli uJames Michel uthe abantu kufuneka babelane ngobunini beendawo eziselunxwemeni. UMongameli wenza le ngxelo ibalulekileyo ngowama-2011 ngethuba etyelele iindawo ezithandwa lunxweme. UMongameli uthe uluntu alunakuxhomekeka kurhulumente ukuba enze yonke into. Ndiyakholelwa ukuba le yenye yezona ngxelo zibalulekileyo zomgaqo-nkqubo malunga nokusingqongileyo kule minyaka ingama-30 idlulileyo.

Kwixesha elidlulileyo, umgaqo-nkqubo waseSeychelles kunye nendlela amanye amagosa aseburhulumenteni asebenza ngayo kutshintsho lwemozulu kunye nezinye izinto ezixhalabisayo kokusingqongileyo kushiye abemi kunye namaqela ethe thaxa xa kufikwa kwisenzo sokuziqhelanisa. Ngamaqela athile kuphela akwazileyo ukutyhoboza ukuze anike iziphumo eziyimpumelelo.

Ngoku kusekwe kwizangqa zamazwe aphesheya ukuba "amandla abantu" isembindini weenzame zokubetha utshintsho lwemozulu. Umzekelo, i-Arhente yokusiNgqongileyo yaseYurophu yathi, "umsebenzi mkhulu kakhulu, kwaye ixesha elimiweyo lixinekile asisakwazi ukulinda ukuba oorhulumente bathabathe inyathelo."

Impendulo ke ngoko yokuziqhelanisa notshintsho lwemozulu isezandleni zabaninzi abenza uninzi lwabantu hayi abambalwa kurhulumente. Kodwa enyanisweni kunokwenziwa njani oku? Ngaba igunya lingadluliselwa kwi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa elinoxanduva liye kwimibutho yoluntu kwaye umthetho uyalungiselela "amandla abantu?"

Ewe konke kuphelele apho. Isiqendu 40 (e) soMgaqo-siseko waseSeychelles sithi “Luxanduva lwayo yonke iSeychellois ukukhusela, ukugcina kunye nokuphucula okusingqongileyo.” Oku kubonelela ngelungelo elisemthethweni loluntu ukuba uluntu lube ngumdlali oyintloko.

UNirmal Jivan Shah weNdalo yaseSeychelles, isazi ngendalo esingaziwayo nesaziwayo eSeychelles sishicilele eli nqaku kwiphephandaba le- “The People” elivela kanye ngeveki eSeychelles.

I-Seychelles lilungu elisekwe Umanyano lwaMazwe ngaMazwe lwaBalingani bamaKhenketho (ICTP) [1].