I-Vaquita Iza Kutshabalala kuMdla waBathengi

IVaquita iye yaba luhlobo lwenkxalabo kangangamashumi eminyaka. Indawo ehlala kuyo kunye nendawo yokuloba iimbasa ziyadibana. Siyazi ukuba iminyaka yomzamo iye kuphuhliso lwezixhobo ezitsha zokuloba ezingenakufaneka zibulale iVaquita, kwaye ngokunjalo, isicwangciso sokwenza imarike yeeshrimps ezibanjiswa ngokuzinzileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba iVaquita ineenyanga, kwaye ingekho iminyaka eseleyo ukuze igcinwe, asinako ukuphazanyiswa sesi sixhobo silinganiselwe kwaye side kakhulu ukusisebenzisa. Esona senzo sibalulekileyo ngeli xesha kufuneka ibe kukuvalwa kwendawo ehlala kuyo yonke indawo yokuhlala kulo lonke ukuloba ngeegillnet, kuze ke kuphunyezwe amanyathelo onyanzeliso olomeleleyo.

Ngamanye amazwi, ukuphuhliswa kweleyibhile ethi "Vaquita safe" lithuba eliye ladlula, okanye linokubuya kwakhona kwixesha elizayo (ukuba iVaquita ithintelwe ukuba ingabikho kwaye amanani abo abuyele ngokubonakalayo).

Sine-porpoise encinci esemngciphekweni wokuphela kakhulu indawo yayo KUPHELA ikwindawo esemantla eGulf of California, indawo yayo yendalo ekhuselweyo ngokuyinxenye ephepheni njenge-refugium yeentlobo ngaphakathi kwendawo yolondolozo lwendalo ye-UNESCO. Sineshishini lokuloba i-gill net shrimp ekudala likhona nelibonelela ngamashishini amabini abalobi abancinci ngokuzithumela kumazwe angaphandle kwimarike yase-US. Sinoshishino lokuloba olungekho mthethweni lwakutshanje nolunengeniso engakholelekiyo apho ekujoliswe kuko yitotoaba esemngciphekweni wokuphela. Isinyi esidadayo sale ntlanzi sigqalwa njengento ethandwayo eTshayina, apho ifakwa kwisuphu enokubiza ii-R25,000 XNUMX kwisitya esinye nalapho abathengi bakholelwa ukuba isinyi sentlanzi sinceda ekuphuculeni ukutyhutyha kwegazi lomntu, ulusu nokuchuma.

Sinenyaniso enganyamezelekiyo yokuba ngoku bangaphantsi kwesiqingatha iiVaquitas kunowama-2007.

Sikwanamashumi eminyaka otyalo-mali ekuphuhliseni ezinye izixhobo zokuloba ukuba abalobi bebezimisele ukuzisebenzisa, singakwazi ukunciphisa ukubanjiswa ngengozi kweVaquita kwiminatha yeentlanzi. ukuba, kwaye kuphela ukuba, side sifumane ithuba lokuvumela abantu ukuba bakhe ngokutsha.

Kodwa kuqala, mninzi umsebenzi ekufuneka wenziwe ukukholisa uMphathiswa wezokuLoba waseMexico iCONAPESCA kunye nesebe elilawulayo laseMexico ukuba ukuvalwa kwendawo yokuhlala yeVaquita kuyo yonke imisebenzi yabantu, okanye ubuncinci ukuvalwa ngokupheleleyo kweminatha yegill kwi-Upper Gulf, kwaye ukunyanzeliswa kokuvalwa nokuvalwa okunjalo kungxamisekile kwaye ithemba lethu lokugqibela. Asinakuthembisa thina (okanye sivumele abanye ukuba benze) ukuba imarike entsha yeeshrimps ezizinzileyo iyodwa iya kusindisa iVaquita ekubhangisweni xa kukho i-97 Vaquita kuphela eseleyo.

Ukunyanzeliswa kokugcinwa kweVaquita ngokuchasene nokuloba ngokungekho mthethweni kuko okuthe kwasilela kwaye kuphela kwesicombululo esinokwenzeka kwixeshana elifutshane. Esi ibe sisigqibo sokuqala sayo yonke into Ingxelo ye-CIRVA (IKomiti yeZizwe ngezizwe yoBuyiselo lweVaquita), i IPASILE (iiNkqubo zokuSebenza ngoLondolozo) kunye ne Ingxelo yeNACAP (ISicwangciso sokuSebenza soLondolozo saseNyakatho Melika) kwaye kwavunyelwana naye wonke umntu kwiKomishoni kaMongameli waseMexico. Ukulibaziseka rhoqo kunokuba isenzo siye savumela ukuba inani leVaquita lihle kwaye inani le-totoaba libanjwe kwaye lithutyelwe e-China ukuze liphakame-ukuphela kwesibini kunokwenzeka.

Kucingelwa ukuba, urhulumente waseMexico uya kuthi ekugqibeleni aphumeze ukhuseleko oluyimfuneko ngokunyanzeliswa okupheleleyo ngomhla wokuqala kaMatshi. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho inkxalabo enkulu yokuba urhulumente waseMexico akanalo intando yezopolitiko yokwenza isigqibo sokuvala kunye nokunyanzelisa. Kuya kufuna ukuba kuliwe nxamnye noshishina lweziyobisi olunamandla, kwanakwiqela elincinane lasekuhlaleni (iPuerto Peñasco neSan Carlos) elinembali yoqhankqalazo oluqatha nolunogonyamelo—yaye ngenxa yokuba kukho uqhushululu oluya lusanda kweminye imimandla, njengaleyo basacatshukiswa yindyikityha yokubulawa kwabafundi abangama-43 nezinye izenzo zenkohlakalo.

Kuyahenda, ukuba umntu ukwisihlalo sokwenza izigqibo, ukuqhubeka nesicwangciso esingaphumeleli samanyathelo amancinci kunye neengcamango ezinkulu malunga nezisombululo ezisekelwe kwiimarike. Ijongeka njengesenzo, ithintela iindleko zokubuyekeza abalobi ngengeniso elahlekileyo kunye nonyanzeliso lokwenene, kwaye ikuphepha ukujongana nemibutho ngokungenelela kurhwebo olungekho mthethweni lwetotoaba olunengeniso eninzi. Kude kube nomtsalane ukubuya umva kutyalo-mali olunzima ukuza kuthi ga ngoku kwisakhono sezixhobo ezizezinye njengempumelelo.

I-United States ngoyena mthengi mkhulu we-Gulf of California shrimp.

 Siyimarike, njengoko sikwayimarike yeemveliso zeebhokisi. Thina ngokucacileyo indawo transshipment for the totoaba isendleleni eya ekubeni yisuphu eTshayina. Inani leentlanzi eziye zabanjwa emdeni kusenokwenzeka ukuba yincam yorhwebo olungekho mthethweni.

Ke kufuneka kwenzeke ntoni?

Urhulumente wase-US kufuneka akwenze kucace ukuba i-Gulf yaseCalifornia shrimp ayamkelekanga kude kube ukunyanzeliswa kusendaweni kwaye iVaquita iqala ukuchacha. Urhulumente wase-US kufuneka anyuse iinzame zakhe zokunyanzelisa ukunqanda ukuphela kwe-totoaba-ebhalwe phantsi kwe-CITES kunye noMthetho we-US Endangered Species. Urhulumente waseTshayina kufuneka aphelise imarike ye-totoaba ngokunyanzelisa izithintelo zokurhweba kunye nokwenza kube semthethweni ukusebenzisa iintlobo ezisengozini yonyango lwezempilo oluthandabuzekayo.