I-Trust Yomphakathi, Isithembiso Kubantu BaseMelika Abazayo

Ememo kuMongameli uTrump, uNobhala Wezangaphakathi uRyan Zinke wenze isiphakamiso sokuthi kuncishiswe amatshe esikhumbuzo ayisithupha kazwelonke, futhi kwenziwe izinguquko zokuphatha ezikhumbuzo ezine zezwe. Izikhumbuzo ezintathu zezwe ezithintekile zivikela izindawo ezibucayi emanzini ase-US. Lezi izindawo zasolwandle okungezabo bonke abantu baseMelika futhi zigcinwe ezandleni zikahulumeni wethu wobumbano njengethemba lomphakathi ukuze izindawo ezifanayo nezinsizakusebenza ezivamile zivikeleke kubo bonke, nezizukulwane ezizayo. Sekungamashumi eminyaka, oMongameli baseMelika abavela kuzo zombili izinhlangothi bamemezele izikhumbuzo zikazwelonke egameni labo bonke abantu baseMelika futhi akukaze kube khona uMongameli oyedwa acabange ukuketula amagama abekwe abaphathi bangaphambilini.

Ngasekuqaleni konyaka, uNobhala u-Zinke umemezele ukuthi ezinye zezikhumbuzo ezivela emashumini eminyaka amuva zizobuyekezwa ngendlela engakaze ibonwe, egcwaliswe ngezikhathi zokuphawula komphakathi. Futhi umfana waphendula umphakathi-izinkulungwane zokuphawula kwangena, iningi labo libona ifa elimangalisayo lomhlaba nolwandle oMongameli bangaphambili ababelivikele.

Isibonelo, uMongameli uGeorge W. Bush uqoke iziqhingi zaseHawaiian ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga njengengxenye yesikhumbuzo kazwelonke sasolwandle esibizwa ngokuthi i-Papahānaumokuākea ngo-2009. Ngo-2014, ngokusekelwe ezincomweni zochwepheshe kanye nokubonisana nababambiqhaza ababalulekile, lesi sikhumbuzo saseHawaii sandiswa nguMongameli Obama ngo-2014. Ngokuba bobabili oMongameli, okwakubalulekile kwakuwukukhawulela ukudotshwa kwezentengiselwano ngaphakathi kwezikhumbuzo—ukuvikela izindawo zokuhlala ezibalulekile kanye nokunikeza isiphephelo kuzo zonke izidalwa zasendle zasolwandle.   

I-Papahānaumokuākea iyindawo engcwele yezilwane eziningi, okuhlanganisa nezinhlobo ezisengozini yokushabalala njengemikhomo eluhlaza, ama-albatross anemisila emifushane, izimfudu zasolwandle, kanye nezimvu zamanzi zokugcina zama-monk zaseHawaii. Leli tshe lesikhumbuzo liyikhaya kwezinye zezixhobo zamakhorali ezisenyakatho kakhulu nezinempilo kunazo zonke emhlabeni, ezibhekwa njengezinye ezingase ziphile emanzini olwandle afudumalayo. Izintaba zolwandle neziqhingi ezicwile emanzini alo ajulile zihlala izinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-7,000, kuhlanganise nezilwane ezindala kunazo zonke eMhlabeni-amakhorali amnyama aphile iminyaka engaphezu kuka-4,000.   Ngokusho kweNational Geographic, “Sekukonke, ingxenye yesine yezidalwa ezihlala etsheni lesikhumbuzo ayitholakali kwenye indawo. Eziningi ezinye azikahlonzwa—njengengwane emhlophe eyisipoki, esanda kutholwa, ososayensi abaye bayibiza ngokuthi uCasper.” 

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi lezi zilwane ezikhethekile (kanye namatshe nezinye izinhlelo ezihlala kuzo) ngeke zilinyazwe ukudoba ngenjongo yokuthengisa nezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo, isivumelwano okuxoxiswana ngaso savumela abadobi baseKauai naseNiihau ukuba baqhubeke nokusebenzisa izindawo zabo zokudoba zendabuko. ngaphakathi kwe-Exclusive Economic Zone, kodwa bavinjelwe kwezinye izindawo ezisengozini. Nokho, ngetshe lesikhumbuzo leziQhingi zaseHawaii ezisenyakatho-ntshonalanga (i-Papahānaumokuākea), uNobhala u-Zinke uncome ukuthi kuphinde kuvulwe indawo ukuze kudotshwe inzuzo futhi kuncishiswe ubukhulu bayo ngokushintsha imingcele yayo.

Esinye isikhumbuzo uNobhala u-Zinke atusa ukuba sincishiswe ukuvikelwa indawo yase-American Samoa ebizwa ngokuthi i-Rose Atoll, nayo eyakhiwa uMongameli Bush ekuqaleni kuka-2009. Cishe amamayela ayizikwele angu-10,156 we-nautical miles of marine ecosystem e-Rose Atoll ayevikelwe njengomunye wama-Marine National amane. Amatshe esikhumbuzo anqamula iPacific avikela imvelo yasolwandle ehlukahlukene kanye nezigidi zezilwane zasendle ezincike emvelweni. I-Central Pacific, ngokusho kwe-US Fish & Wildlife Service. Kulokhu, uNobhala Wezangaphakathi kaMongameli uTrump uncoma ukuthi kuncishiswe imingcele yalesi sikhumbuzo, kuphinde kuvunyelwe ukudotshwa kwezentengiselwano ukuthi kwenzeke.

Okwesithathu, i-Northeast Canyons kanye ne-Seamounts Marine National Monument yadalwa nguMongameli Obama ngo-2016 kulandela iminyaka yokubonisana nochwepheshe bazo zonke izinhlobo. Indawo embozwe yitshe lesikhumbuzo esisha, esiphelela onqenqemeni lwendawo yezomnotho ekhethekile, eqhele ngamamayela angu-200 ukusuka ezweni, yaziwa ngobuningi obumangalisayo bezinhlobo nezindawo zokuhlala ezihlanzekile emazingeni okushisa nokujula anhlobonhlobo. Imikhomo yaseNyakatho ye-Atlantic esengozini yokushabalala idla eduze kwamanzi. Imihosha igcwele amakhorali e-bamboo amakhulu njengezindawo zokuzivocavoca zasehlathini. 

Ingxenye eyodwa yaleli tshe lesikhumbuzo igudla unqenqema lweshalofu lezwekazi, ukuze ivikele imihosha emithathu emikhulu. Izindonga zomhosha zimbozwe amakhorali ajulile, ama-anemone, nezipontshi “ezibukeka sengathi uhamba engadini kaDkt. Seuss,” kusho uPeter Auster, usosayensi omkhulu wocwaningo e-Mystic Aquarium kanye noprofesa wocwaningo ophuma e-University of Connecticut.  

Ibhere, i-Retriever, iPhysalia, kanye neMytilus yizintaba zolwandle ezine ezivikelwe eningizimu yeshalofu lezwekazi, lapho ulwandle lungena kwalasha. Ephakama ngaphezu kwamamitha angu-7,000 ukusuka phansi olwandle, ayizintaba-mlilo zasendulo ezakhiwe eminyakeni eyizigidi eziyikhulu edlule ngamapayipi ashisayo e-magma adala Izintaba Ezimhlophe ZaseNew Hampshire.   

UMongameli u-Obama wenze okuhlukile kwezindawo zokudoba inkalankala ebomvu kanye nezama-lobster zaseMelika ngaphakathi kwalesi sikhumbuzo, futhi uNobhala u-Zinke ufisa ukusivula ngokuphelele kuzo zonke izinhlobo zokudoba ngenjongo yokudayisa.

Izinguquko ezihlongozwayo zamatshe esikhumbuzo zikazwelonke eziphakanyiswe nguNobhala zizophonswa inselelo enkulu enkantolo njengokwephulwa komthetho nenqubomgomo mayelana namalungelo kamongameli namandla. Bazophinde baphonselwe inselelo enkulu ngokwephula intando yeningi yomphakathi evezwe ngezinqubo zokubeka imibono yomphakathi ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwabo kanye nasekubuyekezweni kweZinke. Singathemba kuphela ukuthi ukuvikela, kulezi zindawo ezincane zamanzi ethu ezwe lonke kungagcinwa ngokusebenzisa umthetho.

Sekuyiminyaka, umphakathi wezokongiwa kwemvelo uhola umzamo wokuhlonza nokubeka eceleni iphesenti elincane lamanzi olwandle lwethu njengezindawo ezivikelekile, ezinye zazo kuphela ezingafaki ukudobela inzuzo. Lokhu sikubona njengesidingo, pragmatic, futhi ukuqapha. Kuyahambisana nemigomo yomhlaba wonke, ukuqinisekisa ukuphila kolwandle esimeme manje nasezizukulwaneni ezizayo.

Ngakho-ke, izincomo zikaNobhala u-Zinke azihambisani nokuqonda okujulile komphakathi waseMelika ukubaluleka kokuvikela imihlaba namanzi ezizukulwaneni ezizayo. Umphakathi waseMelika uyaqonda ukuthi ukushintsha lokhu kuqokwa kuzobukela phansi ikhono le-United States lokufeza imigomo yokuphepha kokudla ezizukulwaneni ezizayo ngokususa ukuvikela okuhloselwe ukubuyisela nokukhulisa umkhiqizo wezindawo zokudoba ezithengiswayo, ezokudoba ngobuciko, nezindawo zokudoba ezincane.

I-Ocean Foundation kade ikholelwa ukuthi ukuvikela impilo yolwandle nezidalwa zalo kuyinto engakhethi, ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni. Ukwakhiwa kwesu lokuphatha lesikhumbuzo ngasinye akukapheleli ngokuphelele, futhi kuvumela umbono omkhulu womphakathi ngaphakathi kwemingcele yesimemezelo sikaMongameli esiqokiwe. Akunjalo sengathi wonke uMongameli kusukela ku-Theodore Roosevelt kuya ku-Barack Obama odale itshe lesikhumbuzo wavuka ekuseni ngolunye usuku futhi wanquma ukwenza kanjalo ngesikhathi sasekuseni. Njengabanduleli babo, uMongameli Bush kanye noMongameli Obama bobabili benza ukuzimisela okukhulu ngaphambi kokwenza lezi zikhundla. Izinkulungwane zabantu zitshele uNobhala uZinke ukuthi izikhumbuzo zikazwelonke zibaluleke kangakanani kubo.

Ilungu le-TOF Board of Advisors Dr. Uthe kufanele sivikele ngokugcwele izingxenye ezinkulu zolwandle ukuze sisekele indima eqhubekayo yolwandle enikeza ukuphila.

Siyazi ukuthi wonke umuntu okhathalela ulwandle nempilo yalo uyaqonda ukuthi kufanele sibekele eceleni izindawo ezikhethekile zokuvikela ukuphila kolwandle, futhi sivumele lezo zindawo zivumelane nokushintsha kwamakhemikhali olwandle, izinga lokushisa, nokujula ngokuphazanyiswa okuncane okuvela emisebenzini yabantu. Wonke umuntu onendaba naye kufanele axhumane nobuholi besizwe sakithi kuwo wonke amazinga ukuze avikele amatshe esikhumbuzo kazwelonke njengoba adalwa. OMongameli bethu bangaphambilini bafanelwe ukuthi ifa labo livikelwe—futhi abazukulu bethu bazozuza ekuboneni kwabo kusengaphambili nokuhlakanipha kwabo ekuvikeleni izinsiza zomphakathi esabelana ngazo.