I-Ocean Diplomacy: Ukusongelwa Okujwayelekile Kwezinsiza Ezabiwe Zingazinqoba Kanjani Ezombusazwe

Le ngxoxo ejulile yenzeke phakathi Nomhlangano Waminyaka Yonke We-American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) 2022.

Kusukela ngoFebhuwari 17-20, 2022, I-American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) isingathe ingqungquthela yabo yaminyaka yonke. Phakathi nengqungquthela, UFernando Bretos, Umphathi Wohlelo we-The Ocean Foundation (TOF), ubambe iqhaza kuphaneli elizinikele ngokukhethekile ekuhloleni i-Ocean Diplomacy. Ngesipiliyoni seminyaka engaphezu kwengu-20, okuhlanganisa nohambo olungaphezu kuka-90 oluya eCuba ngezinhlelo zesayensi, u-Fernando wabelana ngolwazi lwakhe olwanele lokuzulazula nge-diplomacy edingekayo ukuze enze umsebenzi wokongiwa kwemvelo onenjongo emhlabeni jikelele. U-Fernando usiza ukuhola ithimba le-TOF laseCaribbean, eligxile ekuqiniseni ukubambisana kwesifunda namandla ezobuchwepheshe kanye nezezimali kuzo zonke izici zesayensi yasolwandle nesogwini. Lokhu kubandakanya isayensi yezenhlalo-mnotho, kuyilapho isekela inqubomgomo esimeme kanye nokuphathwa kwezinsiza ezihlukile zamasiko nezemvelo zesifunda sase-Caribbean. Iphaneli ye-AAAS ihlanganise ndawonye odokotela bathola izixazululo ezihlukile zokuthatha isikhundla sezepolitiki egameni lempilo yolwandle. 

I-AAAS yinhlangano yaseMelika engenzi nzuzo yamazwe ngamazwe enezinjongo ezishiwo zokuthuthukisa ukubambisana phakathi kososayensi, ukuvikela inkululeko yesayensi, nokukhuthaza umthwalo wemfanelo wesayensi. Iwumphakathi jikelele wesayensi omkhulu kunayo yonke ezweni onamalungu angaphezu kuka-120,000. Phakathi nomhlangano ongokoqobo, abahlanganyeli nabahambele umcimbi baxoxa ngezindaba zesayensi ezibalulekile ezibhekene nomphakathi wethu namuhla. 

Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nezimpendulo ezintsha ngokumelene nalesi sicindezeli zithola ukuphuthuma nokubonakala njengendaba yezindaba zomhlaba wonke. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kanye nempilo yasolwandle kuthinta wonke amazwe, ikakhulukazi asogwini. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukusebenza ngaphesheya kwemingcele kanye nemingcele yasolwandle ukuthola izixazululo. Nokho kwesinye isikhathi ukungezwani kwezepolitiki phakathi kwamazwe kuyaba nomthelela. I-Ocean diplomacy isebenzisa isayensi ukuze ingagcini nje ngokuthola izixazululo, kodwa ukwakha amabhuloho phakathi kwamazwe. 

Yini I-Ocean Diplomacy Engasiza Ukufeza?

I-Ocean diplomacy iyithuluzi lokukhuthaza amazwe anobudlelwano bezepolitiki obuphikisanayo ukuthi athuthukise izixazululo ezihlanganyelwe ezinsongweni ezifanayo. Njengoba ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nempilo yolwandle kuyizinkinga eziphuthumayo zomhlaba wonke, izixazululo zalezi zinkinga kufanele zithathe indawo ephakeme.

Ukuthuthukisa Ukubambisana Kwamazwe Ngamazwe

I-Ocean diplomacy yathuthukisa ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-US neRussia, ngisho nangesikhathi seMpi Yomshoshaphansi. Ngokushuba kwesimo sezombusazwe okuvuselelwe, ososayensi base-US nabaseRussia bahlole izinsiza ezabiwe njengama-walrus namabhere amhlophe e-Arctic. I-Gulf of Mexico Marine Protected Area Network, eyazalwa ngenxa yokuzwana ngo-2014 phakathi kwe-US neCuba, yabuthela iMexico kulokho manje okuyinethiwekhi yesifunda yezindawo ezivikelwe eziyi-11. Yakhiwe nge- I-Trinational Initiative weSayensi Yasolwandle eGulf of Mexico, iqembu elisebenzayo okuthe kusukela ngo-2007 lahlanganisa ososayensi abavela ezizweni ezintathu (i-US, iMexico, neCuba) ukwenza ucwaningo lokusebenzisana.

Ukwandisa Amandla Esayensi Nokuqapha

Ukuqina kolwandle (OA) izindawo zokuqapha zibalulekile ukuze kuqoqwe idatha yesayensi. Njengesibonelo, kunemizamo yamanje eMedithera yokwabelana ngesayensi ye-OA ukuze kube nomthelela kunqubomgomo. Ososayensi abangaphezu kuka-50 abavela emazweni angu-11 asenyakatho naseningizimu yeMedithera basebenza ndawonye naphezu kwezinselelo zangaphandle nezombusazwe. Njengesinye isibonelo, Ikhomishini Yasolwandle yaseSargasso ibophezela amazwe ayi-10 asemngceleni wamamayela-skwele ayizigidi ezimbili endaweni evulekile yolwandle ngaphansi kweSimemezelo Se-Hamilton, esiza ukuphatha amandla kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithombo yolwandle ephezulu.

I-Ocean science diplomacy iwumsebenzi wososayensi abanesibindi, abaningi abasebenza ngemuva ukuze bathuthukise izinjongo zesifunda. Iphaneli ye-AAAS inikeze ukubheka okujulile kokuthi singasebenzisana kanjani kuyo yonke imingcele ukuze sisize ukufeza imigomo yethu esiyiqoqo.

Oxhumana nabo beMidiya:

Jason Donofrio | Isikhulu Sezobudlelwano Bangaphandle
Contact: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]; (202) 318-3178

UFernando Bretos | Isikhulu sohlelo, i-Ocean Foundation 
Contact: [i-imeyili ivikelwe]