Ngemva Kwesiphepho: Yini Elandelayo?

NguMark J. Spalding, uMongameli

I-Ocean Foundation Inguqulo yale bhulogi yaqala ukuvela ku-National Geographic's I-Ocean Views 

Ngenye impelasonto yakamuva, ngiye ngaya enyakatho ngisuka eWashington nginokwethuka okuthile. Kwakuwusuku oluhle lwango-October okokugcina lapho ngibhekisa amabombo eLong Beach, eNew York, ngaphesheya kweStaten Island ngiqhubeke ngaseRockaways. Khona-ke, ngajabula ngokubona ozakwethu emphakathini waseSurfrider International ababehlangene emhlanganweni wabo waminyaka yonke. Ihhotela kanye nesivakashi sethu esinomusa, i-Allegria, bavulekela endleleni yokuhamba futhi sabuka amakhulu abantu begijima, behamba behamba, futhi begibela ngamabhayisikili abo, bejabulela ulwandle.

Njengoba umhlangano wamazwe ngamazwe uphela, abamele i-East Coast abamele i-Surfrider babehlangene emhlanganweni wabo waminyaka yonke ngempelasonto. Ngokungangabazeki, ugu lwaseNew York neNew Jersey lwalumelwe kahle. Sonke sisijabulele isikhathi esidlule sokujwayelana futhi sabelane ngezinkinga ezifanayo. Futhi, njengoba ngishilo, isimo sezulu sasisihle futhi i-surf yayiphezulu.

Lapho isivunguvungu esinguSandy singena saphinde samuka ngemva nje kwamasonto amabili, washiya ugu olwalucekelwe phansi futhi wanyakazisa abantu. Sabuka ngokuthuthumela njengoba imibiko ingena—indlu yalo mholi wesahluko sakwa-Surfrider ibhidliziwe (phakathi kwabaningi), indawo yokwamukela izivakashi yase-Allegria igcwele amanzi nesihlabathi, kanye nomgwaqo othandwayo waseLong Beach, njengabanye abaningi, wawuyizinxushunxushu.

Kuyo yonke le enyakatho ohambweni lwami lwakamuva, kwakukhona ubufakazi bamandla eziphepho, uSandy kanye nalezo ezalandela kulobu busika—izihlahla ezidiliziwe, imigqa yezikhwama zepulasitiki ezibanjwe ezihlahleni eziphakeme ngaphezu kwendlela, kanye nezimpawu ezingenakugwenywa eziseceleni komgwaqo ezinikeza usizo ukuncishiswa kwesikhunta, ukufakwa kabusha kwezintambo, umshwalense, nezinye izidingo zangemuva kwesiphepho. Bengisendleleni eya emhlanganweni wokucobelelana ngolwazi owawusingethwe ngokubambisana yi-The Ocean Foundation kanye ne-Surfrider Foundation ebifuna ukuhlanganisa ndawonye izifundazwe kanye nabanye ochwepheshe, abaholi bezahluko zendawo, kanye nabasebenzi kazwelonke bakwa-Surfrider ukuze kuxoxwe ngokuthi izahluko ze-Surfrider zingasebenza kanjani ukuze zisekele imizamo yokuhlenga isimo ngemva kwesiphepho. manje nasesikhathini esizayo ngezindlela ezihlonipha ulwandle kanye nemiphakathi ethembele emithonjeni enempilo yasogwini ukuze ibe nempilo enhle yenhlalo, ezomnotho kanye nemvelo. Cishe abantu abayishumi nambili bavolontiye ngempelasonto yabo ukuze babambe iqhaza kulo mhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi futhi baphindela emuva ukuyokwazisa abalingani babo besahluko.

Siphinde sahlangana e-Allegria, sezwa izindaba ezithusayo kanye nezindaba zokutholwa.

Futhi safunda ndawonye.

▪ Ukuntweza emanzini kuyingxenye yokuphila ogwini lwe-Atlantic kanye nakwezinye izindawo ezivelele njengaseningizimu yeCalifornia noma iHawaii—kuyingxenye yezomnotho kanye nesiko.
▪ I-surfing inomlando omude kulesi sifunda—umbhukudi odumile wama-Olympic kanye nephayona lokuntweza elwandle uDuke Kahanamoku watshuza wasuka nje kuleli hhotela ngo-1918 embukisweni wama-surf owawuhlelwe yi-Red Cross njengengxenye yomcimbi wokwamukela amasosha eMpi Yezwe Yokuqala.
▪ Ukwanda kukaSandy kwakhetha abawinile nabahluliwe—kwezinye izindawo kwakunezivimbi ezingokwemvelo zendunduma futhi kwezinye zahluleka.
▪ ESandy, abanye abantu balahlekelwa amakhaya abo, abaningi balahlekelwa izitezi zabo zokuqala, futhi izindlu eziningi aziphephile ukuhlala kuzo, cishe ngemva kwengxenye yonyaka.
▪ Lapha eLong Beach, unomuzwa onamandla wokuthi “awusoze wafana: Isihlabathi, ugu, yonke into ihlukile futhi ayinakwenziwa kabusha njengoba yayinjalo.
▪ Abamele isahluko sogu lwaseJersey bathi “Saba ngochwepheshe ekukhipheni udonga olomile, ukudonsa phansi, nokulungisa isikhunta.” Kodwa manje isikhunta sesidlule ezingeni eliphansi lobuchwepheshe.
▪ Ngemva kukaSandy, amanye amalokishi athatha isihlabathi emigwaqweni yawo, asibuyisela ogwini lolwandle. Abanye bazinika isikhathi sokuhlola isihlabathi, bahlunge imfucumfucu esihlabathini, futhi, kwezinye izimo, bageze isihlabathi kuqala ngoba ingxenye enkulu yaso yayingcoliswe indle, uphethiloli namanye amakhemikhali.
▪ Imisebenzi yokuhlunga yaseLong Beach yenziwa nsuku zonke ngamaloli amakhulu ehla enyuka ebheke kolunye uhlangothi enesihlabathi esingcolile futhi kwelinye enesihlabathi esihlanzekile—ukuduma kwaba iculo lomhlangano wethu.

Ngamangala lapho ngizwa ukuthi akukho hulumeni noma i-ejensi ezimele ekhiqize umbiko owodwa obanzi mayelana nemithelela kaSandy, kokubili kwesikhathi esisheshayo neside. Ngisho nasezifundazweni, ukujula kolwazi mayelana nezinhlelo zokululama kanye nalokho okudingeka kulungiswe kubonakala kusekelwe kakhulu enzwabeni kunohlelo oluphelele, oludidiyelwe olubhekana nezidingo zemiphakathi. Iqembu lethu elincane lamavolontiya avela emikhakheni eyahlukene yempilo, okuhlanganisa nelungu lethu le-TOF Board of Advisors u-Hooper Brooks, ubengeke abhale lolo hlelo ngempelasonto, noma ngabe uzimisele kangakanani.

Pho, kungani sasilapho eLong Beach? Ngokushesha kwesivunguvungu nokusabela ngemuva kwabo, i-Surfrider Chapters ifuna ukuvuselela amavolontiya abo akhuthele ekuhlanzeni amabhishi, umkhankaso we-Rise Above Plastics, kanye nokunikeza imibono yomphakathi ezinyathelweni ezilandelayo zokululama ngemuva kwesihlabathi. Futhi, bekufanele sicabange ukuthi yini esingayifunda kokuhlangenwe nakho kwethu noSandy?

Inhloso yomhlangano wethu wokucobelelana ngolwazi bekuwukuhlanganisa ubungcweti bochwepheshe bethu abayizivakashi, i-The Ocean Foundation, kanye nabasebenzi bakwa-Surfrider abavela eCalifornia naseFlorida kanye nolwazi nolwazi lwabasebenzi bendawo namavolontiya ukuze bakhe isethi yezimiso ezizosiza ekulolongeni amaphrojekthi esikhathi esizayo ogwini lwe-NY/NJ. Le migomo izophinde ibe nenani elikhulu ngokulolonga indlela yokusabela esikhathini esizayo ezinhlekeleleni ezingenakugwemeka ezisogwini ezizayo.

Ngakho-ke sagoqa imikhono sasebenza ndawonye njengethimba ukuze sidwebe lesi simiso sezimiso, esisathuthukiswa. Isisekelo salezi zimiso sasigxile esidingweni Sokubuyisela, Ukwakha Kabusha, Nokucabanga Kabusha.

Bezihloselwe ukubhekana nezinto ezibalulekile okwabelwana ngazo: Izidingo Zemvelo (ukuvikelwa nokubuyiselwa kwemithombo yemvelo yasogwini); Izidingo Zamasiko (ukulungisa umonakalo ezindaweni zomlando kanye nokwakhiwa kabusha kwezindawo zokungcebeleka njengezindawo zokuhamba, amapaki, imizila, namabhishi); kanye Nokulungiswa Kwezomnotho (ukwazisa ukulahlekelwa kwemali engenayo evela ezinsizeni ezinempilo zemvelo nezinye zokungcebeleka, umonakalo ezindaweni ezisebenza emanzini, kanye nesidingo sokwakhiwa kabusha kwezindawo zokudayisa zendawo kanye nezindawo zokuhlala ukuze kusekelwe umnotho wendawo).

Uma isiqediwe, imigomo izophinde ibheke izigaba ezihlukene zokubhekana nesiphepho esikhulu nokuthi ukucabanga ngaso manje kungaziqondisa kanjani izenzo zesikhathi samanje ukuze uthole amandla esikhathi esizayo:

Isigaba 1. Sinda esiphephweni- ukuqapha, ukulungiselela, kanye nokuphuma (izinsuku)

Isigaba 2.  Impendulo Ephuthumayo (izinsuku/amasonto)– isazela siwukusebenza ngokushesha ukuze ubuyisele izinto emuva ngendlela ezaziyiyo, ngisho nalapho kungase kungqubuzane nesinyathelo sesi-3 no-4 esikhathini eside—okubalulekile ukuvuselela amasistimu ukuze kusekelwe abantu nokunciphisa umonakalo (isb. indle noma igesi ukuphuka kwepayipi)

Isigaba 3.  Ukuthola kabusha (amaviki/izinyanga) - lapha izinsiza eziyisisekelo sezibuyela kwesijwayelekile lapho kungenzeka khona, isihlabathi nemfucumfucu kususiwe ezindaweni futhi ukukhuculula kuyaqhubeka, izinhlelo zokulungisa ingqalasizinda emikhulu ziyaqhubeka, futhi amabhizinisi nezindlu seziyakwazi ukuhlalwa futhi.

Isigaba 4.  Ukuqina (izinyanga/iminyaka): Yilapho umhlangano wokucobelelana ngolwazi ubugxile ekubandakanyeni abaholi bomphakathi nabanye abenzi bezinqumo ekubeni nezinhlelo zokubhekana neziphepho ezinkulu ezingalungiseleli iSigaba 1-3 kuphela, kodwa futhi ezicabanga ngempilo yomphakathi yesikhathi esizayo kanye nokuncipha kokuba sengozini.

▪ Yakha kabusha ukuze uqine - umthetho wamanje wenza kube nzima ukucabangela izivunguvungu ezinkulu ezizayo lapho wakha kabusha, futhi kubalulekile ukuthi imiphakathi ilwele ukucabangela izenzo ezinjengokukhulisa izakhiwo, ukwakhiwa kabusha kwezingqimba zemvelo, nokwakha imigwaqo yokuhamba ngezinyawo ngezindlela ezingeyona ingozi.
 Ukuthuthela kwenye indawo ukuze siqine – kufanele samukele ukuthi kwezinye izindawo kungase kungabi bikho indlela yokwakha kabusha ngamandla nokuphepha engqondweni—kulezo zindawo, umugqa ongaphambili wokukhula komuntu kungase kudingeke ube yizivikeli zemvelo esizidala kabusha, ukuze kulondolozwe imiphakathi yabantu ngemuva kwabo.

Akekho ocabanga ukuthi kuzoba lula, futhi, ngemva kosuku olugcwele, olude lomsebenzi, uhlaka oluyisisekelo lwalukhona. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zahlonzwa futhi zanikezwa nezinsuku ezifanele. Amavolontiya ahlakazekile ngenxa yohambo olude oluya eDelaware, eNew Jersey, nakwezinye izindawo ngasogwini. Futhi ngike ngabuka omunye wemizamo eseduze yomonakalo kanye nemizamo yokuthola u-Sandy. NjengoKatrina nezinye izivunguvungu zango-2005 eGulf naseFlorida, njengama-tsunami ka-2004 no-2011, ubufakazi bamandla olwandle athela phezu komhlaba bubonakala bungaphezu kwamandla (bona Isizindalwazi Sokukhuphuka Kwesiphepho).

Lapho ngisemncane, ichibi elafa kudala eduze kwedolobha lakithi eCorcoran, eCalifornia, laqala ukugcwala futhi lasongela ukukhukhula idolobha. Kwakhiwe intela enkulu yomhlaba kusetshenziswa izimoto eziphukile nezisetshenzisiwe ukuze kwakhiwe ngokushesha isakhiwo sentela. I-levy ibanjwe. Lapha eLong Beach, abakwazanga ukwenza lokho. Futhi kungenzeka ukuthi akusebenzanga.

Ngenkathi izindunduma ezinde ekupheleni kwedolobha elisempumalanga eduze ne-Lido Towers yomlando zinqotshwa ukuqhuma kukaSandy, cishe amafidi amathathu esihlabathi asala ngemuva kuleyo ngxenye yomphakathi, ibanga elide ukusuka ogwini. Lapho izindunduma zingazange zibhuntshile, izindlu ezingemva kwazo azizange zibe nomonakalo omncane uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngakho izimiso zemvelo zenza konke okusemandleni azo futhi nomphakathi wesintu udinga ukwenza okufanayo.

Njengoba ngisuka emhlanganweni, ngakhunjuzwa ukuthi kuningi okumelwe kwenziwe, hhayi nje kuleli qembu elincane, kodwa ezindaweni eziyizinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ogwini olugudle ulwandle lomhlaba. Lezi ziphepho ezinkulu zishiya uphawu lwazo ezifundeni nasezizweni—noma ngabe kuseKatrina eGulf, noma i-Irene eyakhukhula ingxenye enkulu yezwe elisenyakatho-mpumalanga ye-US ngo-2011, noma u-Isaac ka-2012 owaletha amafutha e-BP achithekela emabhishi aseGulf, amaxhaphozi. kanye nezindawo zokudoba, noma, Superstorm Sandy, eyasusa izinkulungwane zabantu zisuka eJamaica zaya eNew England. Emhlabeni wonke, iningi labantu lihlala endaweni engamakhilomitha angama-50 ukusuka ogwini. Ukulungiselela le micimbi emikhulu kufanele kuhlanganiswe nokuhlela kwasekhaya, kwesifunda, kuzwelonke, ngisho nakwamanye amazwe. Sonke singakwazi futhi kufanele sibe nengxenye.