I-Ocean Njengomfelandawonye Wezixazululo Zesimo Sezulu: Okubalulekile Okuthathwa Emkhankasweni Wethu We-#RememberTheOcean

Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, siye sakhulisa indlela ulwandle olunikeza ngayo okunye izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zokubhekana nokushintsha kwesimo sezulu - kuyilapho iveza namathuba okuguqula umnotho wethu. 

Nokho, ukuze lamathuba afezeke, sidinga ulwandle olunempilo. It is kungenzeka ukubuyisela impilo yolwandle ngokunciphisa imikhuba yebhizinisi elimazayo ngaphandle kokufaka impilo engozini.

Uma kwenzeka ukugejile, silanda amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu omkhankaso wethu wenkundla yezokuxhumana ngezansi kanye nabanye ozakwethu abasisiza #RememberTheOcean kanye nezinzuzo zakhona empilweni yethu - futhi ekugcineni, ukusinda kwethu.

Ufuna ukuzibandakanya?

Ngezansi kunezithombe ezilandekayo kanye nokuthunyelwe kwenkundla yezokuxhumana ukukhuthaza abanye ukuthi bafunde, banikeze, futhi basakaze ukuqwashisa. Ngokubambisana, singaqinisekisa ukuthi wonke umuntu uzo #RememberTheOcean uma sikhuluma ngokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.

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Ulwandle lumboza ama-71% omhlaba. Kodwa ingenye yezindawo ezitshaliwe kancane. 

Ukube ulwandle beluyizwe, belungamela umnotho wesikhombisa ngobukhulu emhlabeni. Kodwa-ke, ukongiwa kwasolwandle kanye nesayensi kube ngenye yezindawo okugxilwe kuzo kakhulu emhlabeni. Amaphesenti angama-97 wamanzi oMhlaba anikezwa ulwandle. Kodwa ulwandle lubala kuphela cishe u-7% wengqikithi yosizo lwezemvelo e-US Leli inani elincane ngendlela emangalisayo. Ikakhulukazi lapho izindawo eziseduze nolwandle zingenwa kalula yimiphumela yokushintsha kwesimo sezulu sethu.

Ulwandle luyingxenye ebalulekile yokulawula ukuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu.

Ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yi-CO2 ethathwe futhi igcinwe isesimweni se-biomass nenzinga ulwandle kanye ne-ecosystem yalo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imihlume, amaxhaphozi anosawoti nezimfunda zasolwandle. Ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka iyindlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuthathwa kwekhabhoni yesikhathi eside nokugcinwa kwayo. 

Imihlume iyodwa igcina i-CO10 ephindwe ka-2 kunamahlathi asemhlabeni. Bakha ngaphansi kuka-2% wezindawo zasolwandle, kodwa benza u-10-15% wokungcwatshwa kwekhabhoni. Njengoba imihlume ikhula, ithatha i-CO2 futhi iyisebenzise njengezakhi zokwakha amaqabunga, izimpande namagatsha. Uma amaqabunga nemihlume emidala isifile, iwela phansi olwandle bese ithatha ikhabhoni egciniwe. Ihektare elilodwa lehlathi lomhlume lingagcina cishe amakhilogremu angu-1,450 ekhabhoni ngonyaka. Lokhu cishe inani elifanayo elikhishwa imoto eshayela ngaphesheya kwe-US futhi ibuye.

Ulwandle lwethu nesimo sezulu kuxhumene ngendlela engenakuhlukaniswa.

Ulwandle luwusizinki olukhulu lwekhabhoni, lusivikela ekushintsheni kwesimo sezulu okubi kakhulu. Kuphinde kunciphise ukushuba kwesimo sezulu, kukhiqize umoya-mpilo esiwuphefumulayo, futhi kukhiqize ukudla okuningi esikudlayo. Futhi kuyisixazululo sethu esikhulu kunazo zonke Ukubanjwa nokugcinwa kwekhabhoni okusekelwe emvelweni. Eqinisweni, ulwandle lumunce cishe u-30% we-CO2 ekhishwe kusukela ekuqaleni kwenguquko yezimboni.  

Ulwandle luphinde luthwale ubunzima bokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu, futhi selubhekene nomthelela wako obalulekile.

Ngaphezulu kwamaphesenti angama-90 okushisa okwedlulele okuvela kumagesi abamba ukushisa kudonswe ulwandle, okuholele ekushintsheni kwamazinga okushisa, izimo zezulu, namazinga olwandle. Njengoba ulwandle lwethu lufudumala, kuphinde kuphazamise ukufuduka kwezinhlanzi ezibalulekile futhi kubeke engcupheni ubuqotho bokusebenza kwezimiso zemvelo. 

Ukwanda kwe-CO2 yomoya kuholela endaweni yasolwandle ene-acidic eyengeziwe, noma olwandle acidization, lokho kuthinta izinqubo zomzimba zezinhlobo eziningi zasolwandle. Lapho ulwandle lumunca i-CO2 eningi, izinga lomoya-mpilo emanzini liyancipha futhi liba elingafanele izinhlanzi eziningi, ikakhulukazi oshaka kanye ne-tuna.

Izixhobo zamakhorali zinikeza ukudla nendawo yokufihla ikhanda ku-25% wazo zonke izinhlanzi kanye nokuziphilisa ezigidini zabantu. Kodwa, ukufudumala kwamazinga okushisa olwandle kubangela ukumhlophe kwamakhorali kanye nezifo ezithathelwanayo. I-Ocean acidification kunciphisa ukukhula kwamakhorali, futhi ukuphakama kwezinga lolwandle kungaba nomthelela ekwandiseni amazinga e-sediment kuzixhobo zamakhorali, kuziminyanisa zife ngokoqobo. Iziphepho ezinamandla nezivamile zingaqeda amakhorali, futhi izinguquko emisinga yolwandle ziphazamisa ibhalansi yemvelo yemvelo.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-ecosystem yethu ebaluleke kakhulu ingalulama uma siyihlinzeka ngezimo ezinempilo. 

Imvelo ibilokhu inesixazululo esingcono kakhulu, umjikelezo wekhabhoni. I-carbon-based carbon capture isho ukubuyisela imihlume nezinye izinto eziphilayo zasogwini nezasolwandle, ezolimo ezivuselela, kanye nokutshalwa kabusha kwamahlathi ukususa nokugcina i-CO2 ezitshalweni nasenhlabathini. Lawa masu asekelwe emvelweni awagcini nje ngokunciphisa ukungabi nabulungisa kwezemvelo nezomnotho, kodwa anikeza ukugcinwa kwekhabhoni yesikhathi eside njengenzuzo yomhlaba wonke. Ngalokho, sidinga ukuvikela ulwandle. Futhi sidinga ukwenza kanjalo ngokushesha, ngoba lezi zindawo zokuhlala zibalulekile ekusindeni kwethu isikhathi eside eMhlabeni. 

Iziqhingi ezingu-175,000 zomhlaba ziyikhaya labantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-600.. Lezi ziqhingi zisengozini enkulu yezinselele zomhlaba esibhekene nazo.

Ukushintsha amaphethini wesimo sezulu, ukukhuphuka kwezinga lolwandle, ukufudumala kolwandle, nokusetshenziswa ngokweqile kwayo yonke imiphakathi yeziqhingi ithinta kakhulu. Futhi izinguquko endaweni yasolwandle zicekela phansi izindawo zokudoba futhi zonakalisa imvelo iziqhingi eziningi zokuphila ezithembele kuzo. Izifundazwe ezisathuthuka eziqhingini ezincane, njengeBahamas, Haiti, noma iFiji, zakha u-2/3 wamazwe alahlekelwa kakhulu yizinhlekelele zemvelo.

Iziqhingi zinikeza abantu abahlala kuzo amakhaya nendlela yokuziphilisa. Ziphinde zisekele izinhlelo zemvelo ezihluke kakhulu nezizimele futhi zibambe iqhaza elikhulu lemboni yethu yezokuvakasha emhlabeni jikelele. Izinqubomgomo eziqaphela isiqhingi zingasiza ekunciphiseni imithelela engemihle yezinselele zenhlalo-mnotho nezemvelo, futhi zilondoloze izindawo zokuvakasha kanye namakhaya ezigidi zabantu. 

Ulwandle luqondisa izinhlelo zomhlaba wonke ezenza umhlaba kuhlale kuwo isintu.

Abantu abangaphezu kwezigidigidi ezi-3 bathembele ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo zasolwandle nasogwini ukuze baziphilise. Ngaphandle kolwandle olunempilo, akuyona nje leyo miphakathi esengozini, kodwa kunjalo nobukhona bethu bonke.

Ulwandle lwethu lusinika okuningi. Kungumthwalo wethu ukunakekela ulwandle njengoba lusinakekela.

Ngabanikeli bethu kanye nozakwethu, singathola izixazululo zomhlaba wonke zokushintsha kwesimo sezulu.