Ukusinda Iminyaka Eyizigidi ezingama-500 futhi Unyamalala Ngokuphazima Kweso: Indaba Ye-Chambered Nautilus

Ngu: Gregory Jeff Barord, Umfundi we-PhD, I-City University yaseNew York - Isikhungo Seziqu, I-City University yaseNew York - I-Brooklyn College

Usuku 1: Ekugcineni sifike ePhilippines phakathi kwamabili ngemva kokundiza cishe kwamahora angu-24 sisuka e-New York City, sahlala eNingizimu Korea, futhi ekugcineni saya e-Cebu, e-Philippines. Ngenhlanhla, uzakwethu wasePhilippines usilindile ngaphandle kwesikhumulo sezindiza ngokumamatheka okukhulu kanye neveni elikhulu elizosiyisa ehhotela lethu. Iwuhlobo lokumamatheka oluhlala lukwenza ubheke ohlangothini olukhanyayo lwezinto futhi olungafakazela isidingo phakathi nalolu hambo naphezu kwezinyanga eziyi-16 ezizayo. Ngemva kokulayisha izikhwama ezingu-13 zemithwalo elolini, siya ehhotela futhi siqale ukuhlela ucwaningo. Ezinsukwini eziyi-17 ezizayo sizobe siqoqa idatha ukuze sihlole usayizi wabantu be-nautilus eduze kwase-Bohol Island emaphakathi ne-Philippines.

I-nautilus lineage, noma isihlahla somndeni, isikhona cishe iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-500. Uma kuqhathaniswa, oshaka sebeneminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-350, izilwane ezincelisayo iminyaka eyizigidi ezingu-225, futhi abantu banamuhla baye baba khona iminyaka eyi-200,000 kuphela. Kule minyaka eyizigidi ezingu-500, ukubukeka okuyisisekelo kwama-nautilus akukashintshi kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalesi sizathu, ama-nautilus avame ukubizwa ngokuthi "izinsalela eziphilayo" ngoba ama-nautilus aphilayo olwandle lwanamuhla abukeka afana kakhulu namadlozi abo. Ama-Nautilus ayengofakazi beningi lempilo entsha eyavela kule planethi futhi asinda kukho konke ukushabalala okukhulu okwaqothula ezinye izilwane eziningi.

Ama-nautilus ahlobene nama-octopus, squid, ne-cuttlefish; ndawonye, ​​lezi zilwane zonke zakha i-Class Cephalopoda. Abaningi bethu bajwayele i-octopus nesquid ngenxa yamakhono abo amangalisayo okushintsha umbala kanye nokuziphatha okukhaliphile. Kodwa-ke, ama-nautilus awakwazi ukushintsha umbala futhi abhekwa njengangahlakaniphile uma eqhathaniswa nezihlobo zawo ze-octopus. (Nokho, umsebenzi wakamuva usuqala ukushintsha lokho kucabanga). Ama-nautilus nawo ahlukile kwamanye ama-cephalopod ngoba anegobolondo langaphandle, elinemigqa kanti wonke amanye ama-cephalopod aphilayo anegobolondo langaphakathi noma alikho nhlobo. Nakuba leli gobolondo eliqinile, elinemigqa linika amandla ukulawula ukuvuthwa nokunikeza isivikelo, seliphinde laba yimpahla eyigugu.

Sise-Philippines ngoba nakuba ama-nautilus esaphila izigidi zeminyaka, inani labantu libonakala lincipha ngenxa yengcindezi yokudoba engalawulwa. I-Nautilus fisheries yaqhuma ngeminyaka yawo-1970 ngoba igobolondo labo laba into ebaluleke kakhulu kwezohwebo futhi lathunyelwa ngomkhumbi lathengiswa emhlabeni wonke. Igobolondo lidayiswa njengoba linjalo kodwa libuye lihlukaniswe libe ezinye izinto ezifana nezinkinobho, imihlobiso, nobucwebe. Ngeshwa, ibingekho imithethonqubo yokuqapha ukuthi mangaki ama-nautilus abanjwe. Ngenxa yalokhu, inqwaba yama-nautilus aphahlazeka futhi ayisasekeli izindawo zokudoba ngakho umdobi kwadingeka athuthele endaweni entsha. Lo mjikelezo uye waqhubeka ezindaweni eziningi kule minyaka engu-40 edlule.

Kungani yayingekho imithetho? Kungani kwakungekho ukugada? Kungani amaqembu okulondoloza imvelo engasebenzi? Impendulo eyinhloko yale mibuzo neminye ukuthi ibingekho idatha yesayensi ngosayizi wenani labantu be-nautilus kanye nomthelela wezindawo zokudoba. Ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi idatha, akunakwenzeka ukwenza noma yini. Ngo-2010, i-United States Fish and Wildlife Service yaxhasa ngezimali iphrojekthi eyayizonquma, unomphela, ukuthi iminyaka engama-40 yokudoba okungalawulwa ibe namuphi umphumela kubantu abaningi be-nautilus. Isinyathelo sokuqala kule phrojekthi kwakuwukuvakashela ePhilippines futhi kuhlolwe inani labantu base-nautilus kuleyo ndawo kusetshenziswa izicupho ezidotshiwe.

Usuku 4: Ithimba lethu selifinyelele endaweni yethu yocwaningo e-Bohol Island ngemva kohambo lwesikebhe lwamahora angu-3, ​​nemithwalo eyengeziwe, ukusuka e-Cebu ukuya e-Bohol. Sizoba lapha emasontweni amabili ezayo sizama ukuqoqa idatha mayelana nobukhulu besibalo sabantu be-nautilus e-Bohol.

Hlala ubukele ibhulogi elandelayo mayelana nalolu hambo nocwaningo!

Ukuphila: UGregory Jeff Barord njengamanje ungumfundi we-PhD eDolobheni laseNew York futhi ucwaninga ngamakhono okufunda nenkumbulo e-nautilus futhi wenza ucwaningo lwensimu olusekelwe ekongiweni ngosayizi wabantu. U-Gregory useneminyaka engaphezu kwengu-10 enza ucwaningo lwe-cephalopod futhi useke wasebenza emikhunjini yokudoba yezentengiselwano e-Bering Sea njengesabelo sokuqapha i-Fisheries Observer se-National Marine Fisheries Service. 

links:
www.tonmo.com
http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/25/science/25nautilus.html?_r=3&pagewanted=1&emc=eta1&