I-TOF izosingatha Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-Ocean Acidification yeSenate yaseMexico

Iyini i-Ocean Acidification (OA)?
I-OA ichazwa njengokwehla okuqhubekayo kwamazinga e-pH olwandle loMhlaba, okubangelwa ukumuncwa kwe-carbon dioxide emkhathini. Imiphumela ye-OA inomthelela omubi ochungechungeni lokudla kwasolwandle, ithumela imiphumela edabukisayo ezimakethe zomhlaba, ngaphezu kosongo elubeka ezinhlelweni zemvelo ezibucayi lapho ukuphila komuntu kuncike khona.

Kusukela ekujuleni kuya ekujuleni kolwandle lwethu olukhulu, kuba nenhlekelele. Njengoba i-CO2 incibilika olwandle, ishintsha amakhemikhali ayo - ulwandle lune-asidi ngo-30% ngaphezu kwalokho olwalunjalo eminyakeni engama-200 edlule, futhi luba ne-asidi ngokushesha kunanoma yisiphi isikhathi emlandweni womhlaba. I-OA ingase ingabonakali kodwa ngokudabukisayo imithelela yayo ayibonakali. Kusukela kumagobolondo namakhorali, izinhlanzi noshaka, izilwane zasolwandle kanye nemiphakathi ethembele kuzo, isengozini. Lapho i-carbon dioxide (CO2) ihlangana ne-molecule yamanzi (H2Oyakha i-carbonic acid (I-H2CO3) bese ihlephuka kalula ibe yi-hydrogen ion (H+) ne-bicarbonate (I-HCO3-), lawo ma-ion e-hydrogen atholakalayo ahlangana namanye ama-ion e-carbonate ukuze akhe i-bicarbonate eyengeziwe. Umphumela uba ukuthi izinto eziphilayo zasolwandle ezinamagobolondo, njenge-mollusk, crustaceans, corals, ne-coralline algae, kufanele zisebenzise amandla amaningi kakhulu ukuze zikhiphe noma zenze ama-ion carbonate adingekayo ukuze akhe i-calcium carbonate (I-CaCO3) okuhlanganisa amagobolondo awo. Ngamanye amazwi, I-OA iphuca lezi zidalwa izakhi zazo ezidingekayo ukuze zikhule futhi ziphile, okuphinde kubeke engcupheni yonke i-ecosystem yethu yomhlaba.

I-TOF ibilwa ne-OA kusukela ngo-2003, isebenzisa indlela enezingxenye ezine ebhekana nenkinga kuzo zonke izinhlangothi:

1.) Qapha: Kanjani, kuphi, futhi kwenzeka kanjani ngokushesha ushintsho?
2.) Hlaziya: Sithinteka kanjani manje, futhi siyothinteka kanjani esikhathini esizayo?
3.) Bandakanya: Ukwakha ubambiswano kanye nemifelandawonye nababambiqhaza emhlabeni jikelele
4.) Umthetho: Ukushaya umthetho onciphisa ukugcwala kwe-asidi olwandle futhi usize imiphakathi ukuthi izijwayeze

Mayelana nalokho Ikhomishini Yezemvelo, Izisetshenziswa Zemvelo kanye Nokuguquka Kwesimo Sezulu: Ikhomishini Yegatsha Lezomthetho laseMexico
Umgomo weKhomishana oshiwo ukuvikela imithombo yemvelo kanye nemvelo yaseMexico “ngokubhekana nezikhala, ukungqubuzana kanye nokushiyeka okukhona emthethweni kazwelonke wamahlathi, amanzi, imfucuza, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu, ukuhlukahluka kwemvelo, ukuthuthukiswa kwedolobha okusimeme kanye nobulungiswa bezemvelo, phakathi kokunye, ukufuna ukusebenza ngempumelelo ekusetshenzisweni kwabo kanye nokusungulwa kwezisekelo zezidingo zomthetho zokwakhiwa kwezinqubomgomo zomphakathi ezingcono kakhulu ezindabeni zemvelo zaseMexico.”

Emzamweni wokuthobela izinhloso zikazwelonke kanye nezinjongo zamazwe ngamazwe, njengeSivumelwano saseParis, Ikhomishana igxile kulokhu okubekwe eqhulwini okune kwezomthetho:

• Khuthaza izenzo nezinqubomgomo zomphakathi ezisebenza ngempumelelo
• Vikela inhlokodolobha yemvelo kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yabantu baseMexico
• Nciphisa imiphumela emibi yokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu
• Faka isandla ebhalansini phakathi kwentuthuko kanye nokusetshenziswa okusimeme kwemithombo yemvelo

Mayelana I-SEMRNAT: Unobhala Wegatsha Eliphethe laseMexico 
Ihhovisi likaNobhala wezeMvelo kanye neMvelo (I-SEMRNAT) wumnyango wezemvelo waseMexico futhi unomsebenzi wokuvikela, ukubuyisela kanye nokongiwa kwemvelo, imithombo yemvelo, izinsizakalo zemvelo kanye nempahla yaseMexico.  I-SEMRNAT isebenza ukugqugquzela intuthuko esimeme kanye nokuvikela izindawo zemvelo ezweni lonke. Imizamo yamanje ihlanganisa umthetho wokulwa nokuguquguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokuvikela ungqimba lwe-ozone, izifundo eziqondile mayelana nezinhlelo zikazwelonke ze-meteorological kanye ne-geo-hydrological, ukulawulwa kanye nokuqapha imifudlana, amachibi, amachweba kanye nezindawo ezivikelekile zamanzi, futhi kamuva nje, imizamo yokuqonda kanye nokubhekana nesimo sezulu. imiphumela elimazayo ye-OA.

Mayelana Nabethuli: 

UDkt José UMartin U-Hernández-Ayón
I-Oceanologist. Isikole Sesayensi Yasolwandle sase-Autonomous University yase-Baja California  
I-Oceanographer enezifundo zobudokotela ku-Coastal Oceanography e-School of Marine Sciences ye-Autonomous University of Baja California kanye nozakwethu owenze izifundo zobudokotela e-Scripps Institution of Oceanography eSan Diego, eCalifornia. UDkt. Hernandez unguchwepheshe we-Carbon Dioxide System emanzini olwandle kanye ne-marine biogeochemistry. Ucwaningo lwakhe lugxile ekutadisheni indima yezindawo ezisogwini emjikelezweni wekhabhoni, okuhlanganisa umphumela we-ocean acidification (OA) endaweni yemvelo yasolwandle kanye nobudlelwano be-OA nezinye izinto ezicindezelayo ezifana ne-hypoxia, ukuguquka kwesimo sezulu kanye nokugeleza kwe-CO2 ezindaweni ezisogwini. . Iyingxenye yekomidi lezesayensi le I-IMECOCAL Uhlelo (i-Mexican Research of the Current of California), uyilungu le-Ocean Acidification Observing Network (GOA-ON), ungummeleli we-Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study (I-SOLAS) eMexico, usebenza njengomeluleki wezesayensi we-Mexican Carbon Programme (PMC), futhi unguSihlalo Wokubambisana we-Latin American Ocean Acidification Studies Network (I-LAOCA)

María Alejandra Navarrete Hernandez
Umeluleki Wezomthetho Wamazwe Ngamazwe, eMexico, I-Ocean Foundation
U-Alejandra ubesebenza emkhakheni wezomthetho wezemvelo kazwelonke kanye namazwe ngamazwe kusukela ngo-1992. Unolwazi lokusebenza ngokubambisana noNgqongqoshe kanye nehhovisi likaMongameli waseMexico, okuhlanganisa ekwakhiweni nasekumisweni kwamakhomishana kamongameli kazwelonke amaningana afana "Ikhomishana Yokuguquguquka Kwesimo Sezulu kanye Nezilwandle Nogu." Muva nje ubenguMxhumanisi Wephrojekthi Kazwelonke weGulf of Mexico Large Marine Ecosystem, a GEF Iphrojekthi “Ukuqaliswa Kohlelo Lwezinyathelo Ezibalulekile lwe I-GOM I-LME,” phakathi kweMexico ne-US. Ungene kule ndima yokuhola ngemuva kokusebenza njengochwepheshe bezomthetho nenqubomgomo yomphakathi "kokuhlola okudidiyelwe nokuphathwa kwe-Gulf of Mexico Large Marine Ecosystem." Ngo-2012, wayengumxhumanisi we Isandiso se-UNEP Okwe UNDAF ibuyekeze futhi yabhalwa njengombhali ohlangene "Isifinyezo Sikazwelonke Sezemvelo 2008-2012 sase-Mexico."

UMark J. Spalding
Umongameli, i-Ocean Foundation
UMark uyilungu le-Ocean Studies Board ye-National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (US). Usebenza kwiKhomishini Yasolwandle yaseSargasso. UMark uyisikhulu esiphezulu esikhungweni seBlue Economy eMiddlebury Institute of International Studies. Ukwengeza, usebenza njengomeluleki we-Rockefeller Ocean Strategy (isikhwama sokutshala imali esingakaze sibonwe ngaphambili) futhi uyilungu le-Pool of Experts for the UN World Ocean Assessment. UMark uyingcweti yenqubomgomo nomthetho wamazwe ngamazwe ngezemvelo, inqubomgomo nomthetho wezilwandle, kanye nokupha abantu ogwini nolwandle. Waklama uhlelo lokuqala ngqa lwe-carbon offset, I-SeaGrass Khula. Amaphrojekthi akhe amanje ocwaningo ahlanganisa ukuvikelwa kwezilwane ezincelisayo zasolwandle kanye nokongiwa kwendawo yazo, ukuxhasa ngezimali ikhabhoni eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kanye namasu okukhulisa umnotho oluhlaza ngokukhuphula izikhuthazo, nokususa izithiyo, ukugcinwa kwezilwane zasolwandle esimeme, ukunciphisa ukungcoliswa komsindo wolwandle, ukusimama kwezokuvakasha, kanye ukuncishiswa, kanye nokuzivumelanisa, ne-acidification yolwandle kanye nokusebenzisana phakathi kokuphazamiseka kwesimo sezulu nolwandle.

Ukuze uthole olunye ulwazi sicela uthintane ne-The Ocean Foundation:
Jason U-Donofrio
Isikhulu Sezobudlelwano Bangaphandle
[i-imeyili ivikelwe]
202.318.3178