Samar da Masana Kimiyya da Al'umma
Yadda Gidauniyar Ocean ke Gina Teku da juriyar yanayi a Duniya
A duk faɗin duniya, tekun yana canjawa da sauri. Kuma yayin da yake canzawa, rayuwar ruwa da al'ummomin da suka dogara da ita ya kamata a samar da kayan aiki don daidaitawa.
Ana buƙatar ƙarfin kimiyyar teku na gida don ba da damar rage tasiri mai tasiri. Mu Ƙaddamar da Daidaitan Kimiyyar Tekun yana goyan bayan masana kimiyya, masu tsara manufofi, da al'ummomi ta hanyar saka idanu da nazarin sauye-sauyen teku, yin hulɗa tare da abokan tarayya, da kuma taimakawa kafa doka. Muna aiki don haɓaka manufofin duniya da tsarin bincike da haɓaka damar yin amfani da kayan aikin da ke ba masana kimiyya damar fahimta da amsawa.
Muna ƙoƙari don tabbatar da kowace ƙasa tana da ingantaccen sa ido da dabarun ragewa, wanda masana na cikin gida ke jagoranta don magance bukatun gida. Ƙaddamarwar mu shine yadda muke taimakawa gina kimiyya, manufofi da ƙarfin fasaha na masu aiki a duk duniya da kuma a ƙasashensu.
GOA-ON a cikin Akwati
The GOA-ON a cikin Akwati kit ne mai rahusa da ake amfani da shi don tattara ma'aunin ingancin yanayi mai ingancin yanayi. An rarraba waɗannan kayan aikin ga masana kimiyya a ƙasashe goma sha shida na Afirka, Ƙasashen Ci gaban Ƙananan Tsibirin Pacific, da Latin Amurka.
pCO2 zuwa Go
Teku yana canzawa, amma menene ma'anar hakan ga nau'in da ake kira gida? Kuma bi da bi, ta yaya za mu mayar da martani ga wadanda tasirin da za mu ji a sakamakon? Dangane da batun acidification na teku, oysters sun zama duka canary a cikin ma'adinan kwal da kuma dalili don haɓaka haɓaka sabbin kayan aikin don taimaka mana gamsuwa da wannan canji.
A cikin 2009, masu noman kawa a gabar tekun yammacin Amurka sun dandana mutuƙar mutuwa a cikin hatcheries da kuma a cikin na halitta brood stock.
Al'ummar binciken acidification na teku da ke tasowa sun dauki lamarin. Ta hanyar lura da kyau, sun gano hakan matasa shellfish suna da wahala kafa harsashi na farko a cikin ruwan teku a bakin tekun. Baya ga ci gaba da acidification a saman tekun duniya, gabar yammacin Amurka - tare da haɓaka ƙananan ruwa na pH da acidification na gida wanda ya haifar da abubuwan gina jiki mai yawa - ba shi da ƙasa don wasu mahimman acidification a duniya.
Dangane da wannan barazanar, wasu guraben ƙyanƙyashe sun ƙaura zuwa wurare masu kyau ko shigar da na'urorin kula da sinadarai na zamani.
Amma a yankuna da yawa a duniya, gonakin kifi da ke ba da abinci da ayyukan yi ba su da damar yin amfani da kayan aikin da ake buƙata don yaƙar tasirin acidification na teku a kan masana'antar su.
Shigar da ƙalubale daga Jami'in Shirin Alexis Valauri-Orton zuwa Dr. Burke Hales, masanin kimiyyar teku da aka sani a duniya don ƙirƙirar tsarin kula da OA: gina ƙananan farashi, na'urar firikwensin hannu wanda zai ba da damar ƙyanƙyashe don auna ilmin sunadarai na shigowar su. ruwan teku da daidaita shi don ƙirƙirar ƙarin yanayi masu kyau. Daga ciki aka haifi pCO2 zuwa Go, tsarin firikwensin da ya dace a tafin hannu kuma yana ba da bayanan karantawa nan take na adadin narkar da carbon dioxide a cikin ruwan teku (pCO2).
Hoto: Dr. Burke Hales yana amfani da pCO2 Don Je don auna adadin carbon dioxide da aka narkar a cikin samfurin ruwan teku da aka tattara daga bakin teku tare da Resurrection Bay, AK. Dabbobi masu mahimmanci na al'adu da kasuwanci kamar ƙananan wuyan hannu suna rayuwa a cikin wannan muhallin, da ƙirar hannu na pCO2 zuwa Go yana ba shi damar motsawa daga ƙyanƙyashe zuwa filin don lura da irin nau'in nau'in da ke faruwa a cikin mazauninsu na halitta.
Ba kamar sauran na'urori masu auna firikwensin hannu ba, kamar pH mita, da pCO2 don Go yana samar da sakamako a daidaitattun da ake buƙata don auna mahimman canje-canje a cikin sinadarai na teku. Tare da wasu ƙananan ma'auni masu sauƙi don aiwatarwa, hatcheries za su iya koyon abin da ƙananan kifin su ke fuskanta a wannan lokacin kuma su dauki mataki idan an buƙata.
Hanya ɗaya da ƙyanƙyasar ƙyanƙyasa za ta iya taimaka wa ƙananan kifinsu su tsira bayan matakan farko masu rauni ita ce ta hanyar "buffer" ruwan teku.
Wannan yana magance acidification na teku kuma yana sauƙaƙa don samar da harsashi. An ƙirƙiri mafita na buffering tare da girke-girke mai sauƙin bi wanda ke amfani da ƙaramin adadin sodium carbonate (soda ash), sodium bicarbonate ( fili mai aiki a cikin allunan Alka-Seltzer), da acid hydrochloric. Wadannan reagents sun rushe zuwa ions waɗanda suka riga sun cika a cikin ruwan teku. Don haka, maganin buffering baya ƙara wani abu da bai dace ba.
Yin amfani da pCO2 zuwa Go da aikace-aikacen software na dakin gwaje-gwaje, ma'aikata a wurin ƙyanƙyashe na iya ƙididdige adadin maganin buffering don ƙarawa a tankunansu. Don haka, ƙirƙira cikin rahusa mafi kyawun yanayi waɗanda ke da ƙarfi har sai ruwa na gaba ya canza. An yi amfani da wannan hanyar ta hanyar manyan hatcheries waɗanda suka fara ganin tasirin rage pH akan tsutsansu. The pCO2 zuwa Go kuma aikace-aikacen sa zai samar da ƙananan albarkatun gona da dama iri ɗaya don samun nasarar kiwon dabbobinsu a nan gaba. Tsarin buffer na tankuna, tare da umarni don nau'ikan amfani daban-daban na wannan sabon firikwensin, an haɗa shi a cikin jagorar da ke tare da pCO2 don Tafi.
Wani muhimmin abokin tarayya a cikin wannan aikin shine Alutiq Pride Marine Institute (APMI) in Seward, Alaska.
APMI tana shirya shirin samar da acidification na teku tare da auna samfuran da aka tattara a Ƙauyen Ƙasar da ke kudu maso tsakiyar Alaska akan wani kayan aikin sinadarai mai tsada na tebur mai suna Burke-o-Lator. Ta yin amfani da wannan ƙwarewar, manajan lab Jacqueline Ramsay ya jagoranci gwaje-gwaje na firikwensin da app ɗin da ke da alaƙa, gami da kwatanta ƙimar samfuri tare da Burke-o-Lator don tabbatar da ko rashin tabbas na karatun da aka samu. pCO2 zuwa Go yana cikin kewayon da ake so.
Hoto: Jacqueline Ramsay, manajan Cibiyar Nazarin Binciken Tekun Acidification ta Alutiq Pride Marine Institute, tana amfani da pCO2 Je zuwa auna adadin carbon dioxide a cikin samfurin ruwan da aka tattara daga tsarin ruwan teku na ƙyanƙyashe. Jacqueline gogaggen mai amfani ne na Burke-o-Lator, kayan aiki mai madaidaici amma mai tsada don auna sinadarai na teku, kuma ya ba da amsa da wuri kan aikin pCO2 Tafi daga duka mahallin ma'aikacin hatchery da kuma mai binciken kimiyyar teku.
TOF na shirin tura da pCO2 Je zuwa wuraren da ake shuka ƙyanƙyasa a duk faɗin duniya, tare da samar da hanya mai tsada don masana'antun kifi masu rauni don ci gaba da samar da matasa kifin duk da ci gaba da haɓakar acid. Wannan yunƙurin juyin halitta ne na GOA-ON ɗinmu a cikin Kit ɗin Akwati - wani misali na isar da inganci, kayan aiki masu ƙarancin tsada don baiwa abokan haɗin gwiwarmu damar fahimta da amsawa ga acidification na teku.
