He Huakai Mahiai I'a i Kina

na Mark J. Spalding, Pelekikena o The Ocean Foundation

ʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka puka makani hōkele ma ke awa ʻo Hong Kong kahi hiʻohiʻona e pili ana i nā kenekulia o ke kālepa honua a me ka mōʻaukala. Mai nā junks Kina i kamaʻāina me kā lākou mau peʻa paʻa piha a hiki i nā moku mega-container hou loa, ua hōʻike piha ʻia ka manawa ʻole a me ka hiki ʻana o ke ao holoʻokoʻa e nā ala kalepa moana. ʻO ka mea hou loa, aia wau i Hong Kong no ka 10th International Sustainable Seafood Summit, mālama ʻia e SeaWeb. Ma hope o ka piko, ua holo kaʻa kahi hui liʻiliʻi i ka ʻāina nui o Kina no kahi huakaʻi iʻa. Ma luna o ke kaʻa kaʻa kekahi o kā mākou mau hoa hana kālā, nā ʻelele ʻoihana iʻa, a me ʻehā mau mea nūpepa Kina, ʻo John Sackton o SeafoodNews.com, Bob Tkacz o ka Alaska Journal of Commerce, nā ʻelele NGO, a me Nora Pouillon, he chef kaulana, hale ʻaina ( ʻO ka hale ʻaina Nora), a me ke kākoʻo kaulana no ka ʻimi ʻana i ka iʻa kai hoʻomau. 

E like me kaʻu i kākau ai ma kaʻu pou mua e pili ana i ka huakaʻi ʻo Hong Kong, hana ʻo Kina (a ʻo ka hapa nui, hoʻopau) ma kahi o 30% o nā huahana iʻa iʻa honua. Nui ka ʻike o ka poʻe Kina—ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ka iʻa iʻa ma Kina no kahi kokoke i 4,000 mau makahiki. Ua mālama nui ʻia ka iʻa iʻa ma ka ʻaoʻao o nā kahawai ma nā pāpū wai kahi i hui pū ʻia ai ka mahiʻai iʻa me nā mea kanu o kēlā me kēia ʻano a i ʻole e hiki ke hoʻohana i ka wai o ka iʻa e hoʻonui ai i ka hana. Ke neʻe nei ʻo Kina i ka ʻoihana iʻa iʻa no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kāna koi ulu ʻana, ʻoiai e mālama ana i kekahi o kāna mau ʻano iʻa iʻa. A ʻo ka hana hou ke kī i ka hōʻoia ʻana e hiki ke hana ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka iʻa iʻa ma nā ala e pono ai ka waiwai, pili i ke kaiapuni, a kūpono i ka nohona.

ʻO kā mākou huakaʻi mua ʻo Guangzhou, ke kapikala o ka mokuʻāina ʻo Guangdong, kahi home o kahi kokoke i 7 miliona mau kānaka. Ma laila mākou i kipa aku ai i ka Huangsha Live Seafood Market i ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka mākeke iʻa kai kūʻai nui loa ma ka honua. ʻO nā pahu o ka ula, hui pū, a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e hakakā nei no ke ākea me nā mea kūʻai aku, nā mea kūʻai aku, nā mea hoʻopili, a me nā mea lawe ukana - a me nā tausani o nā mea hoʻoluʻu Styrofoam i hoʻohana hou ʻia i ka wā e neʻe ʻia ai ka huahana mai kahi mākeke a hiki i ka papaʻaina e ke kaʻa, kaʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea lawe ʻē aʻe. . Pulu nā alanui i ka wai i kahe ʻia mai nā pahu a hoʻohana ʻia e holoi i nā wahi e waiho ai, a me nā ʻano wai like ʻole e makemake ʻole e noho ma luna. ʻO nā kumu no nā iʻa i hopu ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā huahana iʻa mai Kina a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe o Asia. Mālama ʻia ka iʻa i mea hou e like me ka hiki a ʻo ia hoʻi, he wā kau kekahi o nā mea - akā ma ke ʻano maʻamau, kūpono ke ʻōlelo ʻana hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kekahi mea ma ʻaneʻi, me nā ʻano mea āu i ʻike ʻole ai ma mua.

ʻO ka lua o kā mākou kū ʻana ʻo Zhapo Bay kokoke i Maoming. Lawe mākou i nā kaʻa kaʻa wai kahiko i kahi pūʻulu lana o nā mahiʻai hale mālama ʻia e ka Yangjiang Cage Culture Association. ʻElima haneli pūʻulu peni i kāʻei i ke awa. Ma kēlā me kēia puʻupuʻu he hale liʻiliʻi kahi e noho ai ka mea mahiʻai iʻa a mālama ʻia nā meaʻai. He ʻīlio kiaʻi nui ka hapa nui o nā pūʻulu e mākaʻikaʻi ana i nā ala ala haiki ma waena o nā pā pākahi. Ua hōʻike mai ko mākou poʻe hoʻokipa iā mākou i kekahi o nā hana a pane i nā nīnau no kā lākou hana ʻana i ka pahu ʻulaʻula, ka pahu melemele, pompano a me ka hui pū. Huki lākou i ka ʻupena luna a luʻu i loko a hāʻawi mai iā mākou i kekahi pompano ola no kā mākou ʻaina ahiahi, i hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia i loko o kahi ʻeke polū a me ka wai i loko o kahi pahu Styrofoam. Ua lawe pono mākou iā ia i ka hale ʻaina o ia ahiahi a hoʻomākaukau pū me nā mea ʻono ʻē aʻe no kā mākou ʻai.

ʻO ke kolu o kā mākou kū ʻana ma ke keʻena nui o Guolian Zhanjiang Group no kahi hōʻikeʻike hui, ʻaina awakea, a me ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i kāna mea kanu hana a me nā keʻena hoʻomalu maikaʻi. Ua kipa pū mākou i ka hale hānai ʻōpae a me nā loko iʻa ulu ʻo Guolian. E ʻōlelo wale kākou he ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe loa kēia wahi, ʻoihana ʻenehana, e kālele ana i ka hana ʻana no ka mākeke honua, piha me kāna ʻano puaʻa i hoʻopili ʻia, hoʻohui ʻia ʻoʻoʻa hatchery, loko, hana hānai, hana, noiʻi ʻepekema a me nā hoa kālepa. Pono mākou e ʻaʻahu i nā ʻaʻahu piha, nā pāpale a me nā maka, e hele ma waena o ka disinfectant, a holoi i lalo ma mua o ka hiki ʻana iā mākou ke mākaʻikaʻi i ka hale hana. Aia i loko hoʻokahi ʻaoʻao e hāʻule ana i ka ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe. He lumi ka nui o ke kahua pōpeku me nā lālani o nā wāhine me nā lole hazmat, e noho ana ma luna o nā noho liʻiliʻi me ko lākou mau lima i loko o nā hīnaʻi hau kahi a lākou e ʻoki ai i ke poʻo, e ʻili a wehe i ka ʻōpae. ʻAʻole kēia ʻāpana ʻenehana kiʻekiʻe, ua haʻi ʻia iā mākou, no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki i ka mīkini ke hana i ka hana e like me ka wikiwiki a i ʻole
ʻO ka lanakila ʻana o Guolian (me nā hana maikaʻi loa mai ka Aquaculture Certification Council) ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻano ʻoʻo keʻokeʻo keʻokeʻo Pākīpika (prawn) pae mokuʻāina ʻelua wale nō ma Kina a ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻoihana ʻo Kina e hoʻokuʻu aku ai (ʻelima ʻano o ka ʻoʻo i hānai ʻia e ka mahiʻai. huahana) i ka USA. ʻO ka manawa aʻe e noho ai ʻoe ma kekahi o nā hale ʻaina Darden (e like me Red Lobster a i ʻole Olive Garden) a kauoha i ka shrimp scampi, mai Guolian paha ia, kahi i ulu ai, hana ʻia a kuke ʻia.

Ma ka huakaʻi kula ʻike mākou aia nā hoʻonā i ka paʻakikī o ka unahi i ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā pono protein a me nā mākeke. Pono e hoʻolikelike ʻia nā ʻāpana o kēia mau hana e hōʻoia i ko lākou ola maoli: Ke koho ʻana i nā ʻano ʻano kūpono, ʻenehana unahi a me kahi no ke kaiapuni; ka ʻike ʻana i nā pono socio-cultural kūloko (ʻo ka meaʻai a me ka lako hana), a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā pono waiwai hoʻomau. ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka ikehu, ka wai, a me ka pono o ka lawe ʻana, pono e hoʻopili i ke kaʻina hana hoʻoholo e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i kēia mau hana no ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā hana palekana meaʻai a hoʻoikaika i ke olakino waiwai kūloko.

Ma The Ocean Foundation, ke nānā nei mākou i nā ala e hiki mai ana ka ʻenehana i hoʻomohala ʻia e nā ʻano hui like ʻole a me nā makemake pāʻoihana e hiki ai ke hoʻolako ʻia e hāʻawi i nā pono hoʻokele waiwai a hoʻomau i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ke kaomi ʻana i nā mea hihiu. Ma New Orleans Hikina, hana ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa kūloko i ka 80% o ke kaiāulu. ʻO Hurricane Katrina, ka ʻaila BP, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻoikaika nui ʻana e hana i nā iʻa, nā mea kanu, a me nā moa no ka makemake o ka hale ʻaina kūloko, hāʻawi i ka palekana waiwai, a ʻike i nā ala e hiki ai ke hoʻomalu i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me ka ikehu. e pale aku i ka poino mai ka ino. Ma Baltimore, aia kekahi papahana like i ka pae noiʻi. Akā, e mālama mākou i kēlā mau moʻolelo no kekahi pou.