He Blog malihini mai Shark Advocates

Hauʻoli ʻo Shark Advocates International (SAI) i ka hoʻomaka ʻana i kā mākou makahiki piha ʻelua ma ke ʻano he papahana o The Ocean Foundation (TOF). Mahalo iā TOF, ua mākaukau mākou e hoʻoikaika i kā mākou hoʻoikaika ʻana e pale i nā manō a me nā kukuna i ka makahiki 2012. 

Ke kūkulu nei mākou ma luna o nā hana maikaʻi he nui a mākou i hana ai i ka makahiki 2011, me ka pale ʻana i ka manta ray ma lalo o ka Convention on Migratory Species, ka hana mālama mua honua no nā manō siliki Atlantika, kahi hōʻemi nui o ka honua no nā skates ma Northwest Atlantic Ocean. , ka pale honua no nā manō keʻokeʻo moana ma ka Pākīpika Hikina Hikina, a me nā pale no nā manō porbeagle ma ke Kaiwaenahonua.

ʻO nā mahina e hiki mai ana he nui nā mea hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūlana mālama o nā manō a me nā kukuna. E kālele ana ʻo SAI i nā hoʻoikaika like ʻana e pale aku i ka lawaiʻa nui ʻana, kālepa hoʻomau ʻole, a me ka loaʻa kālā ma o nā hui kūloko, kūloko a me ka honua. 

No ka laʻana, he makahiki nui ʻo 2012 no ka mālama ʻana i nā hammerheads, ma waena o nā manō e hoʻoweliweli loa ʻia. No ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā palena hammerhead o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e hoʻomau au i ke komo ʻana i nā hālāwai o ka National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Highly Migratory Species Advisory Panel kahi e kūkulu ʻia ai nā koho a ke aupuni no ke kūkulu hou ʻana i nā heluna hammerhead i kēia makahiki. Ua kāhea ʻo SAI i nā manō hammerhead (maʻemaʻe, scalloped, a nui) e hoʻohui ʻia i ka papa inoa federal o nā ʻano mea i pāpā ʻia (ʻo ia hoʻi, ua pāpā ʻia ke kuleana). I ka manawa like, no ka mea, he ʻano maʻalahi ka hammerheads a make maʻalahi a make koke ke hopu ʻia, pono e noiʻi ʻia a hoʻokō ʻia nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe e pale ai i ka hopu ʻana i ka hammerhead ma kahi mua, a e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā manawa i hopu ʻia a hoʻokuʻu ʻia. ola nā hammerheads.

He mau moho maikaʻi nō hoʻi ʻo Hammerheads no ka papa inoa ʻana ma lalo o ka Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) no ka mea, ua waiwai nui nā hulu o kēia mau ʻano a kūʻai ʻia ma ke ao holoʻokoʻa no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sopa manō kuʻuna Kina. Ua hoʻomohala ʻo ʻAmelika i kahi manaʻo papa inoa hammerhead (no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kālepa hammerhead honua) no ka hālāwai CITES hope loa ma 2010, akā ʻaʻole i lanakila i ka 2/3 hapa nui o nā balota mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i koi ʻia no ka hoʻokomo ʻana. Ua hui pū ʻo SAI me Project AWARE Foundation e koi aku i ke aupuni US e hoʻomau i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kālepa hammerhead ma o kahi noi no ka hālāwai CITES 2013. E hoʻohana ʻo SAI i nā manawa like ʻole e hiki mai ana e ʻōlelo i nā mea nui o ʻAmelika no nā noi CITES, e hōʻike ana i ka pōʻino o ka hammerheads a me nā ʻano manō ʻē aʻe. Manaʻo ʻia nā manaʻo hoʻoholo hope loa e pili ana i nā noi US no CITES ma ka hopena o ka makahiki. Eia hou, e hana pū mākou me nā hui mālama honua like ʻole e paipai i nā noi papa inoa CITES mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe no nā ʻano ʻano hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe i kālepa nui ʻia e like me ka spiny dogfish a me ka manō porbeagle.

ʻO kēia makahiki hoʻi e lawe mai i nā kaua hope loa i ka hakakā lōʻihi e hoʻoikaika i ka pāpā ʻana o ka hui ʻEulopa (EU) i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka manō (ʻoki ʻana i nā peʻa manō a hoʻolei i ke kino ma ke kai). I kēia manawa, ʻae ka EU finning regulation i ka poʻe lawaiʻa e ʻae ʻia e wehe i nā manō ma ke kai a hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou mai nā kino manō. Hoʻopilikia koʻikoʻi kēia mau loopholes i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka pāpā finning EU a kau i kahi kūlana maikaʻi ʻole no nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Ke hana pū nei ʻo SAI me ka Shark Alliance coalition no ka paipai ʻana i nā kuhina lawaiʻa EU a me nā lālā o ka Pāremata ʻEulopa e ʻae i ka manaʻo o ke Komisina ʻEulopa e koi aku i nā manō a pau me ka paʻa mau ʻana o ko lākou mau fi. Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia no ka hapa nui o nā lawaiʻa ʻAmelika a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo kēia koi wale nō ke ala palekana palekana e hoʻoholo ai ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā manō; Hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka ʻike maikaʻi aʻe e pili ana i nā ʻano manō i lawe ʻia (no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā manō i ka pae o nā ʻano i ka wā e loaʻa ai kā lākou mau peʻa). ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mokuʻāina o EU e pāpā ana i ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻili manō ma ke kai, akā ʻo Sepania a me Pokukala - nā ʻāina lawaiʻa manō nui - e hoʻomau i ka hakakā maikaʻi e mālama i nā ʻokoʻa. ʻO ke kānāwai "fins attached" ma EU e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā manawa kūpono no ka kūleʻa o nā hoʻāʻo ʻana o US e hoʻoikaika i ka pāpā ʻana i ka ʻili kālā ma kēia ʻano a no laila hiki ke pōmaikaʻi i nā manō ma ka pae honua.

Ma kahi kokoke i ka home, ke ulu nui nei ka hopohopo a me ka ikaika o SAI e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana a ʻaʻole naʻe i hoʻoponopono ʻia no nā manō "smooth dogfish" (a i ʻole "smooth hound) mai nā mokuʻāina ʻo Mid-Atlantic. ʻO ka iʻa liʻiliʻi ka iʻa manō ʻAmelika ʻAmelika wale nō i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka ʻole o nā palena lawaiʻa holoʻokoʻa. ʻAʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā manō lawaiʻa ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻāina, ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka iʻa ʻīlio maʻemaʻe i ke kumuhana o ka loiloi heluna kanaka e hoʻoholo ai i nā pae palekana palekana. Ua hoʻihoʻi nā luna mokuʻāina ʻo Atlantika i nā hoʻolālā e hoʻopaʻa i nā iʻa ma hope o ke kūʻē ʻana o ka ʻoihana lawaiʻa. Ua hoʻomaka ʻia nā palena federal mua e hoʻopaʻa i ka lawaiʻa i kēia mahina, akā ua hoʻopanee ʻia ma muli o ka lohi ʻana i ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka Shark Conservation Act, ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻōlelo i hiki ke alakaʻi i nā ʻokoʻa no nā iʻa ʻīlio maʻemaʻe. I kēia manawa, ke piʻi nei ka pae ʻana o nā iʻa ʻīlio maʻemaʻe a ke koi nei ka poʻe lawaiʻa e hoʻokiʻekiʻe ʻia nā palena o ka wā e hiki mai ana ma mua o ka mea i ʻae mua ʻia. E hoʻomau ka SAI i ka hāpai ʻana i ko mākou hopohopo me nā luna lawaiʻa mokuʻāina a me ke aupuni pekelala me ka pahuhopu koke o nā kapu iʻa maʻamau i ka wā e loiloi ʻia ai ka heluna kanaka.

ʻO kekahi ʻano pilikia o Mid-Atlantic e hopohopo nei no SAI ʻo ia ka cownose ray. ʻO kēia pili pili o nā manō ke kumuhana o kahi hoʻolaha ʻoihana kai iʻa i kapa ʻia ʻo "Eat a Ray, Save the Bay" e hoʻopiʻi nei i nā ʻōlelo ʻepekema i hoʻopaʻapaʻa nui ʻia ua pahū ka heluna o ka US Atlantic cownose ray a hoʻoweliweli i nā ʻano mea waiwai nui aʻe. e like me ka scallops a me ka oyster. Ua hōʻoiaʻiʻo ka poʻe kākoʻo lawaiʻa i ka ʻai ʻana i ka hihi cownose (a i ʻole "Chesapeake") he hana hoʻomau hou wale nō, akā he kuleana kaiapuni kekahi. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, hānau pinepine nā kukuna bipi i hoʻokahi keiki keiki i kēlā me kēia makahiki, hiki iā lākou ke maʻalahi i ka lawaiʻa nui ʻana a lohi i ka hoʻōla ʻana i ka wā e pau ai, a ʻaʻohe palena o nā hopu kukuna cownose. ʻOiai e hana ana nā hoa ʻepekema e hōʻole i ka noiʻi i alakaʻi ʻia i nā kuhi hewa he nui e pili ana i nā kukuna cownose, ua kālele ʻo SAI i ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana i nā mea kūʻai aku, nā luna, a me ka lehulehu e pili ana i ka nāwaliwali o ka holoholona a me ka pono wikiwiki no ka hoʻokele.

ʻO ka hope loa, ua komo ʻo SAI i nā hana like ʻole e pili ana i ke aʻo ʻana a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka lawe ʻana (a i ʻole "bycatch") o nā manō a me nā kukuna pilikia, e like me ka sawfish, ka moana keʻokeʻo, a me nā kukuna manta. Ke komo nei au i kekahi mau komite a me nā hui hana e lilo ana i manawa kūpono e kūkākūkā ai i nā pilikia bycatch me nā ʻepekema, nā luna lawaiʻa, a me nā mea mālama mālama mai ka honua holoʻokoʻa. No ka laʻana, haʻaheo wau i koʻu lilo ʻana i lālā hou o ke Kōmike Kūʻai Kūlohelohe o ka International Seafood Sustainability Foundation kahi e hiki ai iaʻu ke paipai i ke kākoʻo no ka hoʻomaikaʻi kikoʻī ʻana i nā kulekele lawaiʻa manō honua o nā hui hoʻokele lawaiʻa āpau no ka tuna. Noho au i lālā lōʻihi o ka US Smalltooth Sawfish Recovery Team, ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, ke manaʻo nei e hoʻonui a hōʻemi i ka sawfish bycatch ma nā lawaiʻa ʻoʻo US. I kēia makahiki, e hui pū ana nā lālā o ka hui sawfish me nā loea ʻē aʻe mai ka International Union for Conservation of Nature Shark Specialist Group no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi papahana hana honua no ka mālama ʻana i ka iʻa.   

Mahalo nui ʻo SAI i nā manawa kūpono a ke aupuni US e hāʻawi aku ai i nā conservationists a me nā mea kuleana ʻē aʻe e kūkākūkā a kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā kulekele manō a me nā lālani. Manaʻolana wau e hoʻomau i ka lawelawe ʻana ma nā komite aʻoaʻo a me nā ʻelele i nā hālāwai lawaiʻa pili honua. Hoʻolālā pū ʻo SAI e hoʻomau i ka hana pū me nā hoa hana mai Project AWARE Foundation, Wildlife Conservation Society, Shark Trust, World Wildlife Fund, Conservation International, Humane Society, Ocean Conservancy, a me TRAFFIC, a me nā ʻepekema mai ka American Elasmobranch Society a me European Elasmobranch Ahahui. Ke hoʻomau nei mākou i ka mahalo nui i ke kākoʻo lokomaikaʻi o kā mākou "mea kōkua pōhaku kī" me ka Curtis and Edith Munson Foundation, ka Henry Foundation, ka Firedoll Foundation, a me ka Save Our Seas Foundation. Me kēia kākoʻo a me ke kōkua mai nā poʻe e like me ʻoe, hiki i ka makahiki 2012 ke lilo i makahiki hae no ka mālama ʻana i nā manō a me nā kukuna kokoke iā ʻoe a a puni ka honua.

Sonja Fordham, Peresidena SAI