ʻO nā Kaiaola Kaiapuni Ko mākou Laina Kūʻē Kūʻē i nā Hurricanes

ʻO nā ʻino hou ʻo Harvey, Irma, Jose, a me Maria, nona ka hopena a me ka pōʻino e ʻike mau ʻia ana ma ka Caribbean a me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e hoʻomanaʻo mai iā mākou he pilikia ko mākou kahakai a me ka poʻe e noho kokoke ana iā lākou. Ke piʻi nei ka ʻino me ka loli ʻana o ke ea, he aha kā mākou koho e pale hou aku ai i ko mākou mau kahakai mai nā ʻino a me nā kahe? ʻO nā hana pale i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, e like me nā ʻili kai, he mea kūʻai nui loa. Pono lākou e hoʻonui mau ʻia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka ʻilikai, he mea pōʻino i ka mākaʻikaʻi, a ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke kaila hiki ke hōʻino i nā kaiapuni kūlohelohe. Eia nō naʻe, kūkulu ʻia ke ʻano makuahine i kāna hoʻolālā hoʻēmi pilikia, e pili ana i nā kaiaola kūlohelohe. Hiki i nā kaiaola kai, e like me nā ʻāina wai, nā puʻu, nā ululāʻau kelp, nā moena ʻo, nā ʻaʻa koʻa, nā moena kai, a me nā ululāʻau mangrove hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā nalu a me nā ʻino mai ka ʻāʻī ʻana a me ke kahe ʻana i ko mākou mau kahakai. I kēia manawa, mālama ʻia ma kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika e kekahi o kēia mau kaiaola kai. 

E lawe kākou i nā ʻāina pulu i laʻana. ʻAʻole wale lākou e mālama i ke kalapona i loko o ka lepo a me nā mea kanu (e kū'ē i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka lewa e like me CO₂) a kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ko kākou ʻano honua, akā hana lākou ma ke ʻano he ʻōhuʻu hiki ke paʻa i ka wai o ka ʻāina, ka ua, ka hoʻoheheʻe hau, ka wai o ka honua, a me ka wai kahe, mālama ʻia mai ka hū ʻana i uka, a laila hoʻokuʻu mālie. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka wai a me ka emi ʻana o ka ʻino. Inā mākou e mālama a hoʻihoʻi i kēia mau kaiaola kai, hiki iā mākou ke loaʻa ka pale e hiki mai ana mai nā mea e like me nā levees.

Ke hoʻopōʻino a hoʻopau ʻia kēia mau kaiaola kaiaola kahakai. Ma kahi noiʻi hou e Narayan et. al (2017), ua hāʻawi nā mea kākau i kekahi mau hopena hoihoi e pili ana i ka waiwai o nā ʻāina pulu. No ka laʻana, i ka wā Hurricane Sandy i ka makahiki 2012, ua pale aku nā ʻāina wai ma luna o $625 miliona i ka pōʻino waiwai. Ua make ʻo Sandy ma ka liʻiliʻi he 72 mau make ma US a ma kahi o $50 biliona i nā pōʻino o ka wai. ʻO ka nui o nā mea make ma muli o ke kahe ʻana o ka ʻino. Ua lilo nā ʻāina pulu i mea pale ma kahakai e kūʻē i ka ʻino. Ma nā mokuʻāina ʻo East Coast he 12, ua hiki i nā ʻāina pulu ke hoʻemi i nā pōʻino mai ka Hurricane Sandy ma ka awelika o 22% ma waena o nā zip-codes i komo i loko o ka haʻawina. ʻOi aku ma mua o 1,400 mau mile o nā alanui a me nā alaloa i pale ʻia e nā ʻāina pulu mai ka Hurricane Sandy. Ma New Jersey kūikawā, uhi ʻia ka ʻāina pulu ma kahi o 10% o ke kahawai a ua manaʻo ʻia ua hoʻemi ʻia nā pōʻino mai ka Hurricane Sandy ma kahi o 27% o ka huina holoʻokoʻa, ʻo ia ka mea ma kahi o $430 miliona.

ʻO kekahi haʻawina e Guannel et. al (2016) ʻike i ka wā he nui nā ʻōnaehana (e laʻa me nā ʻaʻa koʻa, nā lau nahele, a me nā mangroves) e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana i nā wahi kahakai, ʻo kēia mau wahi noho e hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui i nā ikehu nalu e hiki mai ana, nā wai kahe, a me ka nalowale o ka sediment. ʻO ka hui pū ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau ʻōnaehana i ka pale ʻana i ke kahakai ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻōnaehana a i ʻole kahi noho wale nō. Ua ʻike pū ʻia kēia haʻawina ʻo nā mangroves wale nō ke hāʻawi i nā pono palekana loa. ʻO nā koʻa a me nā lau nahele e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hopena o ka ʻinoʻino ma kahakai a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kūpaʻa kahakai, e hōʻemi i nā au kokoke i kahakai, a e hoʻonui i ke kūpaʻa o nā kahakai i nā pōʻino. ʻO nā mangroves ka mea maikaʻi loa i ka pale ʻana i nā kahakai ma lalo o ka ʻino a me ka ʻino ʻole. 

ʻAʻole koʻikoʻi kēia mau kaiaola kai i nā wā nui e like me nā ʻino. Hoʻemi lākou i nā poho wai i kēlā me kēia makahiki ma nā wahi he nui, ʻoiai me nā ʻino liʻiliʻi. Eia kekahi laʻana, hiki i nā koʻa koʻa ke hoʻemi i ka ikehu o nā nalu e pā ana i kahakai ma 85%. He haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ka Hikina Hikina o ʻAmelika a me ke Kai Kūʻono, ʻeleʻele a one paha nā kahakai, e maʻalahi ai ka ʻohi ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka pilikia o kēia mau wahi i ke kahe a me ka ʻino. ʻOiai i ka wā i pōʻino ai kēia mau kaiaola, e like me ke ʻano o kekahi mau koʻa, a i ʻole nā ​​ululāʻau mangrove, mālama mau kēia mau kaiaola iā mākou mai nā nalu a me nā haʻalulu. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻomau nei mākou i ka hoʻopau ʻana i kēia mau wahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai i nā papa kolepa, nā hōkele, nā hale, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻopau nei mākou i ko mākou palekana. I kēia manawa, hoʻolilo ʻo FEMA i ka hapalua piliona kālā i kēlā me kēia makahiki no ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka pōʻino o nā kahe, i pane i nā kaiāulu kūloko. 

He ʻoiaʻiʻo nō nā ala e kūkulu hou ai i nā wahi i hoʻopau ʻia e nā ʻino i mea e mākaukau maikaʻi ai lākou no nā ʻino e hiki mai ana, a e mālama pū ai i kēia mau kaiaola koʻikoʻi. Hiki i nā wahi noho kahakai ke pale mua i nā ʻino, a ʻaʻole paha ia he mea e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pilikia āpau a i ʻole nā ​​​​pilikia ʻino, akā pono lākou e hoʻohana pono. ʻO ka pale ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau kaiaola e pale aku i ko mākou mau kaiāulu kahakai me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke olakino kaiaola o nā wahi kahakai.