Nā moʻolelo o ke koholā

He wahi opaque ka moana no laila he nui nā mea e aʻo ai e pili ana. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona ola o nā koholā nui he opaque nō hoʻi—he mea kupanaha ka mea a mākou i ʻike ʻole ai e pili ana i kēia mau mea nani. ʻO ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai, ʻaʻole no lākou ke kai, a ma nā ʻano he nui ke ʻano ʻino ko lākou wā e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka pule hope loa o Kepakemapa, ua pāʻani au i ka manaʻo i ka wā e hiki mai ana ma kahi hālāwai ʻekolu lā e pili ana i "Stories of the Whale: Past, Present and Future" i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e ka Hale Waihona Puke o Congress a me ka International Fund for Animal Welfare.

ʻO kekahi hapa o kēia hālāwai i hoʻopili i nā kānaka maoli o Arctic (a me ko lākou pili ʻana i nā koholā) i ka moʻolelo o ka moʻomeheu Yankee whaling ma New England. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻolauna ʻia i nā mamo a nā kapena koholā ʻekolu i noho ʻohana like ma Massachusetts a me Alaska. No ka manawa mua, ua hui nā lālā o ʻekolu ʻohana mai Nantucket, Martha's Vineyard a me New Bedford me ko lākou mau hoahānau (o nā ʻohana like ʻekolu) mai nā kaiāulu ma Barrow a me ka pali ʻākau o Alaska. Ua manaʻo wau he mea ʻino iki kēia hui mua ʻana o nā ʻohana like, akā naʻe, ua hauʻoli lākou i ka manawa e nānā ai i nā hōʻiliʻili kiʻi a ʻimi i nā ʻohana like i ke ʻano o ko lākou mau pepeiao a ihu paha.

I ka nānā ʻana i ka wā i hala, ua aʻo pū mākou i ka moʻolelo kupaianaha o ke Kaua Kivila o ka CSS Shenandoah e kūʻē i nā mea kalepa kalepa Union ma ke Kai Bering a me Arctic ma ke ʻano he hoʻāʻo e ʻoki i ka aila kohola i lubricated i nā ʻoihana o ka ʻĀkau. Ua haʻi aku ke kapena o ka moku Pelekane ʻo Shenandoah i ka poʻe āna i lawe pio ai, ʻo ka Confederacy ke kuikahi nei me nā koholā e kūʻē i ko lākou mau ʻenemi kino. ʻAʻohe mea i pepehi ʻia, a nui nā koholā i "hoʻōla ʻia" ma muli o nā hana a kēia kāpena e hoʻopilikia i ke kau koholā holoʻokoʻa. He kanakolukumamāwalu mau moku kalepa, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā moku koholā ʻo New Bedford i hopu ʻia, a hoʻopaʻa ʻia.

Ua ʻike ʻo Michael Moore, kā mākou hoa hana mai Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, ʻaʻole hāʻawi ka ʻimi ʻimi ola i kēia manawa i ka Arctic i ka mākeke kalepa honua. ʻAʻole i like ka hahai ʻana i ke au koholā ʻo Yankee, a ʻaʻole like ia me nā hana koholāla ʻoihana o ke kenekulia 20 i hiki ke pepehi i nā koholā he nui i loko o ʻelua makahiki wale nō e like me 150 mau makahiki holoʻokoʻa o ke koholāla Yankee.

Ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kā mākou hui ʻekolu mau wahi, ua kipa mākou i ka lāhui Wampanoag ma Martha's Vineyard. Hāʻawi ko mākou poʻe hoʻokipa iā mākou i kahi meaʻai ʻono. Ma laila mākou i lohe ai i ka moʻolelo o Moshup, he kanaka pilikua hiki iā ia ke hopu i nā koholā ma kona lima ʻole a hoʻopaʻa i nā pali i mea ʻai na kona poʻe kānaka. ʻO ka mea hoihoi, ua wānana ʻo ia i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka poʻe keʻokeʻo a hāʻawi i kona lāhui i ke koho e noho i waena o nā kānaka, a i ʻole e lilo i kohola. ʻO kēia ko lākou moʻolelo kumu o ka orca, ʻo ia ko lākou ʻohana.
 

I ka nana ana i keia manawa, ua ike ka poe i komo i ka papa hana i ka pii ana o ka wela o ke kai, ke loli nei kona kemika, ke emi nei ka hau ma ka Arctic a ke nee nei ke au. ʻO ia mau hoʻololi ke ʻano ke neʻe nei ka lako meaʻai no nā mammals kai—ma ka ʻāina a me ka wā. Ke ʻike nei mākou i nā ʻōpala a me nā plastik i loko o ke kai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka walaʻau a me ka leo mau, a me ka bioaccumulation nui a weliweli o nā mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o nā holoholona kai. ʻO ka hopena, pono nā koholā e hoʻokele i kahi moana e piʻi nui ana, walaʻau a ʻona. ʻO nā hana kanaka ʻē aʻe e hoʻonui i ko lākou pilikia. I kēia lā ke ʻike nei mākou ua pōʻino lākou, a i ʻole make i ka hahau ʻana i ka moku a me nā mea lawaiʻa. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ua ʻike ʻia kekahi koholā ʻākau i make i ka ʻākau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i nā mea lawaiʻa ma ke Kaikuono o Maine i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai kā mākou hui. Ua ʻae mākou e kākoʻo i nā hana e hoʻomaikaʻi i nā ala moku a kiʻi hou i nā mea lawaiʻa nalowale a hōʻemi i ka hoʻoweliweli o kēia mau make ʻeha lohi.

ʻO nā koholā Baleen, e like me nā koholā ʻākau, hilinaʻi i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo nā lele kai (pteropods). He mīkini kūikawā ko kēia mau koholā i ko lākou waha i mea e kānana ai i nā meaʻai o kēia mau holoholona. Hoʻoweliweli pololei ʻia kēia mau holoholona liʻiliʻi e ka hoʻololi ʻana o ke kemika i loko o ke kai e paʻakikī ai iā lākou ke hana ʻana i kā lākou mau pūpū, kahi ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻakika moana. ʻO ka makaʻu, ʻaʻole hiki i nā koholā ke hoʻololi wikiwiki i nā kumu meaʻai hou (inā loaʻa maoli kekahi), a lilo lākou i holoholona i hiki ʻole i ka kaiaolaola ke hāʻawi iā lākou i ka meaʻai.
 

ʻO nā hoʻololi a pau o ka kemika, ka mahana, a me nā pūnaewele meaʻai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ke kākoʻo o ke kai no kēia mau holoholona kai. I ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ka moʻolelo Wampanoag o Moshup, ua koho pono ka poʻe i koho e lilo i orcas?

I ka lā hope loa i ko mākou ʻākoakoa ʻana i ka hale hōʻikeʻike koholā ʻo New Bedford, ua nīnau au i kēia nīnau i ka wā o koʻu papa e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e nānā ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hōʻike ana ka piʻi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaʻa, nā mea lawaiʻa, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka ʻeli ʻana o ke kai, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kelepona kelepona, a ʻoi aku ka nui o nā ʻoihana iʻa. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i nā hōʻike e aʻo ana mākou i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i ka walaʻau (ka ʻenehana moku mālie), pehea e hoʻokele hou ai i nā moku e pale aku i nā wahi o ka heluna kanaka koholā, a pehea e hana ai i nā mea ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia (a ma ke ʻano he ʻO ka hana hope loa pehea e hoʻopakele ai a wehe maikaʻi i nā koholā). Ke hana nei mākou i ka noiʻi ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, a me ka hoʻonaʻauao maikaʻi ʻana i nā poʻe e pili ana i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pōʻino o nā kohola. A, ma ka Paris COP i ka mahina ʻo Dekemaba i hala aku nei ua loaʻa mākou i kahi ʻaelike hoʻohiki e hōʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o nā kinoea ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻo ia ke kumu nui o ka nalowale ʻana o ka noho ʻana no nā mammals moana. 

He mea maikaʻi loa ka hopu ʻana i nā hoa hana kahiko a me nā hoaaloha mai Alaska, kahi e hoʻololi ai nā loli i nā mea āpau o ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka palekana meaʻai. He mea kupanaha ka lohe ʻana i nā moʻolelo, ka hoʻolauna ʻana i ka poʻe i manaʻo like (a me nā kūpuna), a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā pilina hou i loko o ke kaiāulu ākea o ka poʻe aloha a ola no ke kai. Loaʻa ka manaʻolana, a he nui nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana like.