Mahele 3: Ma hope o ka ʻino - nā plastik i loko o ke kai

Na Mark J. Spalding, Pelekikena, The Ocean Foundation a me Caroline Coogan, Foundation Assistant, The Ocean Foundation

Ma The Ocean Foundation, ua noʻonoʻo nui mākou i nā hopena. Ke kaumaha nei mākou i nā moʻolelo pōʻino o ke kanaka no ka nalowale ʻana ma hope o nā ʻino e like me ka mea i hahau iā St. Lucia, Trinidad & Tobago, a me nā lāhui mokupuni ʻē aʻe i ka pō Kalikimaka. Ua piha ka minamina a me ke kōkua i ka poʻe i hoʻopilikia ʻia, e like me ka mea e pono ai. Ua nīnau mākou iā mākou iho he aha nā mea wānana o ka hopena o nā ʻino a he aha kā mākou e hana ai e hoʻomākaukau ai no ka hopena?

Ma ke ʻano kikoʻī, ua nīnau mākou iā mākou iho pehea e hiki ai iā mākou ke kaupalena a pale aku paha i ka pōʻino e hiki mai ana mai nā ʻōpala i hana ʻia e ke kahe ʻana, ka makani, a me ka pōʻino o ka ʻino - ʻoi aku ka nui o ka makani ma kahakai a me nā kai kahakai. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea i holoi ʻia mai ka ʻāina a i loko o ko mākou mau ala wai a me ke kai i hana ʻia me kahi mea māmā a wai ʻole e lana ana ma lalo o ka ʻili o ka wai. Hele mai ia ma nā ʻano like ʻole, ka nui, ka mānoanoa, a hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻano like ʻole no nā hana kanaka. Mai nā ʻeke kūʻai a me nā ʻōmole a i nā mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa meaʻai, mai nā mea pāʻani a hiki i nā kelepona - aia nā plastik ma nā wahi āpau o nā kaiāulu kanaka, a ua manaʻo nui ʻia ko lākou hele ʻana e ko mākou mau hoalauna moana.

Ua hōʻike ʻia ka pukana hou o SeaWeb's Marine Science Review i kahi pilikia e pili ana ma ke kūkākūkā mau ʻana o The Ocean Foundation no nā ʻino a me ka hopena, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka wā e pili ana i ka pilikia o ka ʻōpala i loko o ke kai, a i ʻole ka mea maʻamau: nā ʻōpala kai. Pīhoihoi mākou i ka nui o nā ʻatikala i nānā ʻia e nā hoa a me nā ʻatikala e pili ana i paʻi ʻia i kēia manawa a i nā mahina e hiki mai ana ka moʻolelo o kēia pilikia. Pīhoihoi mākou i ka ʻike ʻana e aʻo ana nā ʻepekema i kona hopena: mai ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻōpala kai ma ka ʻāina ʻo Belgian a hiki i ka hopena o nā mea lawaiʻa i haʻalele ʻia (e like me nā ʻupena ʻuhane) ma luna o nā manu kuhukukū a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe ma Australia, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā plastics. i nā holoholona mai ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a i ka iʻa i hopu ʻia no ka ʻai kanaka. Pīhoihoi mākou i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka nui o ka honua o kēia pilikia a me ka nui o nā mea e pono ai ke hana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana iā ia - a e pale aku i ka ʻino.

Ma nā kahakai, ikaika pinepine ka ʻino a hele pū ʻia me nā wai kahe e kahe ana i lalo o ka puʻu i loko o nā ʻauwai ʻino, nā awāwa, nā kahawai a me nā muliwai, a hiki i ke kai. Lawe ka wai i ka nui o nā ʻōmole i poina nui ʻia, nā kini a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe e waiho ana ma nā ʻaoʻao, ma lalo o nā kumulāʻau, ma nā paka, a i loko o nā pahu ʻōpala paʻa ʻole. Lawe ʻo ia i nā ʻōpala i loko o nā ala wai kahi e wili ai i loko o ka nahele ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke kahawai a i ʻole e hopu ʻia a puni nā pōhaku a me nā alahaka, a ma hope, hoʻoikaika ʻia e ke au, loaʻa ke ala i nā kahakai a i loko o nā kumulāʻau a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. Ma hope o ka Hurricane Sandy, ua hoʻonani nā ʻeke plastik i nā lāʻau ma nā alanui kahakai e like me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻinoʻino—ʻoi aku ma mua o 15 kapuaʻi mai ka honua ma nā wahi he nui, lawe ʻia i laila e ka wai i kona holo ʻana mai ka ʻāina a i ke kai.

He paʻakikī nui ko nā ʻāina mokupuni i ka wā e pili ana i ka ʻōpala—he uku nui ka ʻāina a ʻaʻole pono maoli ka hoʻohana ʻana ia mea no nā ʻōpala. A - ʻoi aku hoʻi i kēia manawa ma ka Caribbean - loaʻa iā lākou kahi paʻakikī ʻē aʻe i ka wā e pili ana i ka ʻōpala. He aha ka hopena i ka hiki ʻana mai o ka ʻino a ʻo nā kaukani o nā ʻōpala pulu wale nō ka mea i koe o nā hale o nā kānaka a me nā waiwai aloha? Ma hea kahi e waiho ai? He aha ka hopena o nā ʻāʻu, nā kahakai, nā mangroves, a me nā lau nahele i ka wā e lawe mai ai ka wai iā lākou i ka nui o ia ʻōpala i hui pū ʻia me ka sediment, ka ʻōpala, nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe hale, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i mālama ʻia i loko o nā kaiāulu kanaka a hiki i ka ʻino? ʻEhia ka nui o nā ʻōpala i lawe ʻia e ka ua maʻamau i nā kahawai a i nā kahakai a me nā wai kokoke? He aha ka hopena? Pehea ka hopena o ke ola moana, ka leʻaleʻa leʻaleʻa, a me nā hana hoʻokele waiwai e mālama ai i nā kaiāulu ma nā mokupuni?

Ua ʻike lōʻihi ka Caribbean Environment Program o UNEP i kēia pilikia: e hōʻike ana i nā pilikia ma kāna pūnaewele, ʻO ka ʻōpala paʻa a me ka ʻōpala moana, a me ka hoʻākoakoa ʻana i ka poʻe hoihoi e pili ana i nā koho no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hoʻokele ʻōpala ma nā ala e hōʻemi ai i ka pōʻino i nā wai a me nā wahi noho kokoke. Ua hele ʻo Emily Franc, ʻo ka Ocean Foundation's Grants and Research Officer, i kekahi o ia ʻaha kūkā i ka hāʻule i hala. Ua hui pū ʻia nā ʻelele mai nā hui aupuni a me nā hui ʻole.[1]

ʻO ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka moʻolelo ʻo ka poino o ke ola a me ka hoʻoilina o ke kaiāulu i nā ʻino ʻino Kalikimaka. He aie mākou i ko mākou mau hoa mokupuni e noʻonoʻo mua i nā hopena ʻē aʻe o nā ʻino e hiki mai ana. Ua ʻike mākou no ka mea ʻokoʻa kēia ʻino, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo ʻaʻole e hiki mai nā hanana ʻino ʻē aʻe a i manaʻo ʻia paha.

Ua ʻike nō hoʻi mākou ʻo ka pale ʻana i nā plastics a me nā haumia ʻē aʻe mai ka hiki ʻana i ke kai ka mea nui o mākou. ʻAʻole nahā ka hapa nui o ka plastic a hele aku i ke kai—ʻoki wale ia i nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi, e hoʻopilikia ana i ka hānai ʻana a me nā ʻōnaehana hānau o nā holoholona liʻiliʻi a me nā mea kanu i ke kai. E like me kāu e ʻike ai, aia nā hui o ka plastik a me nā ʻōpala ʻē aʻe i loko o nā pahu nui i kēlā me kēia moana o ka honua-me ka Great Pacific Garbage Patch (kokoke i ka Midway Islands a uhi i ke kikowaena o ka Moana Pākīpika ʻĀkau) ʻo ia ka mea kaulana loa, akā, kaumaha. , ʻaʻole kū hoʻokahi.

No laila, hoʻokahi ʻanuʻu hiki iā mākou ke kākoʻo a pau: E hōʻemi i ka hana ʻana i nā plastics hoʻohana hoʻokahi, e hoʻolaha ana i nā ipu a me nā ʻōnaehana hoʻomau no ka lawe ʻana i nā wai a me nā huahana ʻē aʻe i kahi e hoʻohana ʻia ai. Hiki iā mākou ke ʻae i ka hana ʻelua: ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā kīʻaha, nā ʻeke, nā ʻōmole, a me nā ʻōpala plastik ʻē aʻe e mālama ʻia i waho o nā ʻōpala ʻino, nā ʻauwai, nā kahawai a me nā ala wai ʻē aʻe. Makemake mākou e mālama i nā ipu ʻilika a pau mai ka wili ʻana i ke kai a me nā kahakai.

• Hiki iā mākou ke hōʻoia ua hana hou ʻia nā ʻōpala a pau a hoʻolei ʻia paha i waho.
• Hiki iā mākou ke komo i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaiāulu e kōkua i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā ʻōpala i hiki ke pani i ko mākou mau ala wai.

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai i nā manawa he nui ma mua, ʻo ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana kahakai kekahi hana koʻikoʻi e hōʻoia i nā kaiāulu kūpaʻa. Ke loaʻa nei nā pōmaikaʻi ʻoliʻoli, hoʻokele waiwai, a me nā pōmaikaʻi ʻē aʻe i nā kaiāulu kahakai akamai e kūkulu hou ana i kēia mau wahi e kōkua ai i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana no ka ʻino nui e hiki mai ana. ʻO ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala ma kahakai a ma waho o ka wai e ʻoi aku ka hoihoi o ke kaiāulu i nā malihini.

Hāʻawi ka Caribbean i nā ʻano mokupuni like ʻole a me nā ʻāina kahakai e huki ai i nā malihini mai nā ʻāina a pau o ʻAmelika a me ka honua. A, pono ka poʻe o ka ʻoihana huakaʻi e mālama i nā wahi e hele ai kā lākou mea kūʻai aku no ka leʻaleʻa, ʻoihana, a me ka ʻohana. Ke hilinaʻi nei mākou a pau i kona mau kahakai nani, nā ʻaʻa koʻa kū hoʻokahi, a me nā mea kupanaha ʻē aʻe e ola ai, hana, a pāʻani. Hiki iā mākou ke hui pū e pale i ka pōʻino ma kahi e hiki ai iā mākou a hoʻoponopono i nā hopena, e like me kā mākou pono.

[1] Ke hana nei kekahi mau hui e hoʻonaʻauao, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a ʻike i nā mea e hoʻonā ai i ka haumia plastik i ke kai. Aia lākou i ka Ocean Conservancy, 5 Gyres, Plastic Pollution Coalition, Surfrider Foundation, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui.