Nā ʻili kai, Kānā wai o Natura

ʻO nā lau kai nā mea kanu pua wai e ʻike ʻia ma kahi ākea latitudinal. ʻOiai ʻo ia kekahi o nā ʻōnaehana kahakai maikaʻi loa a maikaʻi hoʻi no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kalapona, ʻo ka mālama pono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i nā lau nahele he mea koʻikoʻi ia e pale aku ai i ka nalowale honua o nā lau kai. ʻO ka mālama kalapona kekahi o nā lawelawe kaiaola i hāʻawi ʻia e nā moena kai. Hāʻawi pū ka mauʻu kai i ʻāina hānai no nā ʻano iʻa a me nā ʻupena ʻole i ʻohi ʻia ma ke kālepa a me ka leʻaleʻa.

Hōʻike 1. Nā lawelawe kaiaola a me nā hana o nā ʻōnaehana kai. ʻO ka waiwai moʻomeheu o ka noho ʻana o ka ʻili kai, ʻo ia ka waiwai nani o nā lau nahele, nā hana leʻaleʻa e like me ka hahai holoholona, ​​​​ka lawaiʻa a me ka holo kaʻa a me ka pono o ka ʻohi kai ʻohi no ka hānai, ka moe, ka mea momona a me ka mulch. ʻO ka waiwai hoʻoponopono a me ka waiwai o ka mauʻu kai, akā, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia i ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he pale ʻino i nā kahakai kūkulu ʻia ma o ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka nalu, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kalapona, ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi noho no nā ʻano mea ʻai i ʻohi ʻia ma ke kālepa a me ka leʻaleʻa. 

Ma muli o nā koi māmā kiʻekiʻe, ua kaupalena ʻia ka nui o ka moana kai i ka ʻike o ka wai kahakai. ʻO ka wai ʻeleʻele loa e hōʻemi a paʻa paha ka lā mai ka hiki ʻana aku i nā lau ʻili kai, ke keʻakeʻa nei i ka photosynthesis o ka ʻili. Hiki ke make ka mauʻu, ka liʻiliʻi o ka nui o ka wai pāpaʻu a hiki i ka pau ʻana o ka lau kai.

Hōʻike 2. ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka mālamalama o ka wai no ka ulu ʻana o nā moena kai. Hōʻike ka ʻaoʻao luna i ka liʻiliʻi o ka mālamalama e hiki ke hele i ke kolamu wai (i hōʻike ʻia e ka wiwo ʻole o ka pua kiko) ke ʻāhuehu ka wai. Hiki i kēia ke keʻakeʻa i ka photosynthesis a hoʻopaʻa i nā moena kai. Hōʻike ka ʻaoʻao lalo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wai e hiki ai i ka mālamalama ke komo i loko o ka moena kai (i hōʻike ʻia e ka wiwo ʻole o ka pua kiko). ʻO ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka mālamalama o ka wai, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki i ka nui o ka mālamalama ke hiki i ka hohonu hohonu, hiki i kēia ke hoʻoulu i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka lau i loko o nā wai hohonu ma o ka ulu ʻana o clonal a i ʻole nā ​​mea kanu.

Akā, he mau ʻenekini kaiaola autogenic pū kekahi. 'O ia ho'i, ho'ololi lākou i ko lākou kaiapuni kino a ho'omaka i nā ka'ina hana a me nā mana'o e hiki ke hō'oia i ko lākou ho'omau 'ana. ʻO ke ʻano kino o ka mauʻu kai e hoʻolohi i ke kahe ʻana o ka wai i kona neʻe ʻana i ka moena kai. Hiki i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke kolamu wai ke hāʻule i waho a noho ma ka papahele o ka lau. Hiki i kēia paʻi ʻana o ka lepo ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka mālamalama o ka wai ma o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā ʻāpana i ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka wai. Hiki i ka malamalama ke komo i ka hohonu.

Ma nā kūlanakauhale kahakai he nui, e kahe ana nā kahe o ka mahiʻai, ke kūlanakauhale a me ka ʻoihana ma ko mākou mau ʻawa ma mua o ko lākou hele ʻana i kahakai ākea. ʻO ka wai e kahe ana mai loko mai o ka wai wai, ʻo ia ka nui o ka lepo a me nā meaʻai.

I loko o nā ʻōnaehana he nui, ʻo nā wahi noho estuarine nā mea kanu e like me nā pā paʻakai a me nā moena kai kai e hana ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana kānana wai maoli- kahi e kahe ai ka sediment a me ka wai momona i loko a kahe ka wai maʻemaʻe. Hiki i nā lau nahele ke hoʻonui i ka pH a me ka neʻe ʻana o ka oxygen i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o ka wai ma luna o ka ʻili kai (Figure 3). 

Kiʻi 3. Pehea e hoʻohua ai ka ʻili kai i ka oxygen a hoʻonui i ka pH o nā wai a puni.

No laila, pehea e lawe ai nā ʻili kai i nā meaʻai? ʻO ka wikiwiki o ka laweʻana i nā meaʻai e pili ana i nā kumu he nui; ka wikiwiki o ka wai, ehia ka nui o nā meaʻai i loko o ka wai me ka mea kanu a me ka papa palena diffusive, i hoʻopili ʻia e ka wikiwiki o ka wai, ka neʻe ʻana o ka nalu a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā meaʻai a me ka gradient mai ka wai a i ka lau.

A no laila, ma #WorldWaterDay, e hoʻokaʻawale kākou a pau i ka manawa e mahalo ai i ka hana ʻana o ka mauʻu kai i ke kōkua ʻana i ka mālama ʻana a i ʻole ka hana ʻana i nā wai kahakai maʻemaʻe a mākou e hilinaʻi ai ma ke ʻano olakino olakino a no nā pilina pili waiwai e hilinaʻi nei i ke kahakai olakino. Hiki iā ʻoe ke aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā pono o ka ʻili kai a kanu i kekahi e hoʻopau i kāu kapuaʻi kalapona me The Ocean Foundation's. Ulu Mauʻu polokalamu hoʻopau kalapona polū.