ʻO ka ʻāina keʻokeʻo palupalu

ʻO Claire Christian ka Luna Hoʻokele o ka Hui Pū ʻia ʻo Antarctic a me Southern Ocean Coalition (ASOC), ko makou hoa noho oihana aloha maanei ma DC a ma waho o ka moana honua.

I kēia Mei i hala aku nei, ua hele au i ka 39th Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting (ATCM), he hālāwai makahiki no nā ʻāina i pūlima i ka Kuʻikahi Antartika e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka hoʻomalu ʻia ʻana o Antarctica. I ka poʻe i komo ʻole i loko o ia mau mea, ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hālāwai diplomatic honua me ka lohi. He manawa wale ia no nā lāhui he nui e ʻae i ka hoʻokokoke ʻana i kahi pilikia. I kekahi manawa, ua hana ka ATCM i nā hoʻoholo wikiwiki a wiwo ʻole, a ʻo kēia makahiki ka ʻO 25th makahiki ʻO kekahi o nā lanakila nui loa o ke kenekulia 20 no ka honua honua - ka hoʻoholo e pāpā i ka hana ʻana ma Antarctica.

ʻOiai ua hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ka pāpā mai ka wā i ʻae ʻia ai i ka makahiki 1991, nui ka poʻe i hōʻike i ke kānalua e hiki ke mau. Manaʻo paha, e lanakila ana ka rapacity kanaka i ka hopena a he mea paʻakikī loa ke nānā ʻole i ka hiki ke loaʻa nā manawa waiwai hou. Akā ma ka ATCM o kēia makahiki, ua ʻae like nā ʻāina hoʻoholo hoʻoholo he 29 i hui pū ʻia me ke Kuikahi Antarctic (i kapa ʻia ʻo Antarctic Treaty Consultative Parties a i ʻole ATCPs) i kahi ʻōlelo hoʻoholo e hōʻike ana i kā lākou "paʻa paʻa e mālama a hoʻomau i ka hoʻokō… priority" ka pāpā ʻana i nā hana eli ma ka Antarctic, kahi ʻāpana o ka Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty (i kapa ʻia ʻo Madrid Protocol). ʻOiai ʻaʻole i like ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kākoʻo no ka pāpā ʻana i kēia manawa, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au he hōʻike ikaika ia i ka ikaika o ka hoʻokō ʻana o ATCP i ka mālama ʻana i ka Antarctica ma ke ʻano he wahi maʻamau no nā kānaka āpau.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole i like ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kākoʻo no ka pāpā ʻana i kēia manawa, ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei au he hōʻike ikaika ia i ka ikaika o ka hoʻokō ʻana o ATCP i ka mālama ʻana i ka Antarctica ma ke ʻano he wahi maʻamau no nā kānaka āpau. 

ʻO ka moʻolelo o ka hiki ʻana mai o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka mining he mea kupanaha. Ua hoʻohana nā ATCP ma mua o hoʻokahi ʻumi makahiki e kūkākūkā ana i nā ʻōlelo no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mining, e lawe ʻia i ke ʻano o kahi kuʻikahi hou, ʻo ka Convention on the Regulation of Antarctic Mineral Resource Activities (CRAMRA). Ua hoʻoikaika kēia mau kūkākūkā i ke kaiāulu kaiapuni e hoʻonohonoho i ka Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition (ASOC) no ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana no ka hoʻokumu ʻana o World Park Antarctica, kahi e pāpā ʻia ai ka hana ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ua hahai pono ʻo ASOC i nā kūkākūkā CRAMRA. ʻAʻole lākou, me kekahi mau ATCP, i kākoʻo i ka mining akā makemake lākou e hoʻoikaika i nā lula e like me ka hiki.

I ka pau ʻana o nā kūkākūkā CRAMRA, ʻo nā mea a pau i koe no nā ATCP e kau inoa iā ia. Pono nā kānaka a pau e pūlima no ka ʻaelike e hoʻokō ʻia. Ma kahi hoʻololi kupanaha, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Australia a me Farani, ʻo lāua ʻelua i hana ma CRAMRA no nā makahiki, ʻaʻole lākou e kau inoa no ka mea ʻo ka hana ʻana i hoʻoponopono maikaʻi ʻia i hōʻike nui ʻia i ka Antarctica. I hoʻokahi makahiki pōkole ma hope mai, ua kūkākūkā kēlā mau ATCP i ka Environment Protocol. ʻAʻole i pāpā wale ka Protocol i ka mining akā ua hoʻonohonoho i nā lula no nā hana non-extractive a me kahi kaʻina no ka koho ʻana i nā wahi i pale ʻia. Hōʻike ka ʻāpana o ka Protocol i kahi kaʻina no ka loiloi ʻana i ka ʻaelike he kanalima makahiki mai kona komo ʻana i ka mana (2048) inā noi ʻia e kekahi ʻāina ʻĀpana i ke Kuʻikahi, a me ke ʻano o nā ʻanuʻu kikoʻī no ka hāpai ʻana i ka pāpā ʻana i ka ʻeli ʻana, me ka ʻae ʻana o ke aupuni kānāwai paʻa e hoʻokele i nā hana ʻili.

ʻAʻole pololei ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua hoʻololi ka Protocol i ka Pūnaehana Kuikahi Antarctic. 

ʻAʻole pololei ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua hoʻololi ka Protocol i ka Pūnaehana Kuikahi Antarctic. Ua hoʻomaka nā ʻaoʻao e kālele i ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni i kahi pae ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ka wā ma mua. Ua hoʻomaka nā keʻena noiʻi Antarctic e nānā i kā lākou hana e hoʻomaikaʻi i ko lākou hopena kaiapuni, e pili ana i ka hoʻolei ʻōpala. Ua hoʻokumu ka ATCM i Kōmike no ka Hoʻomalu Kaiapuni (CEP) no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻokō ʻana o ke Kuʻina a no ka nānā ʻana i nā loiloi hopena o ke kaiapuni (EIA) no nā hana hou i manaʻo ʻia. I ka manawa like, ua ulu ka Pūnaehana Kuikahi, e hoʻohui ana i nā ATCP hou e like me Czech Republic a me Ukraine. I kēia lā, haʻaheo nā ʻāina he nui i kā lākou mālama ʻana i ka honua Antarctic a me kā lākou hoʻoholo e pale i ka ʻāina.

ʻOiai ʻo kēia moʻolelo ikaika, aia nō nā ʻōhumu i loko o ka pāpaho e kali wale nei ka nui o nā ATCP no ka holo ʻana o ka uaki ma ka manawa loiloi Protocol i hiki iā lākou ke komo i ka waiwai i manaʻo ʻia ma lalo o ka hau. Ua hoʻolaha kekahi i ka 1959 Antarctic Treaty a i ʻole ka Protocol "e pau" i ka makahiki 2048, he olelo pololei ole. ʻO ka ʻōlelo hoʻoholo o kēia makahiki e kōkua i ka hōʻoia hou ʻana i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana o nā ATCP he nui loa ka pilikia o ka ʻāina keʻokeʻo palupalu i hiki ke ʻae ʻia i ka hana ʻana. ʻO ke kūlana kūʻokoʻa o Antarctica ma ke ʻano he ʻāina wale nō no ka maluhia a me ka ʻepekema ʻoi aku ka waiwai i ka honua ma mua o kāna waiwai mineral. He mea maʻalahi ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i nā manaʻo hoʻoikaika aupuni a manaʻo e hana wale nā ​​ʻāina i ko lākou pono liʻiliʻi. ʻO Antarctica kekahi laʻana o ka hui ʻana o nā lāhui i ka pono like o ka honua.

ʻO Antarctica kekahi laʻana o ka hui ʻana o nā lāhui i ka pono like o ka honua.

Eia nō naʻe, i kēia makahiki hoʻomanaʻo, he mea nui e hoʻolauleʻa i nā hana a e nānā i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻAʻole mālama ʻia ka Antarctica wale nō ka pāpā ʻana i ka mining. Ke hoʻoweliweli nei ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau e hoʻohaunaele i nā ʻāpana hau nui o ka ʻāina, e hoʻololi ana i nā kaiaola kaiaola kūloko a me ka honua. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā poʻe i komo i ka Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting ke hoʻohana i nā mea i hoʻolako ʻia i ka Protocol e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka palekana o ke kaiapuni. Hiki iā lākou ke koho i kahi pūnaewele piha o nā wahi i hoʻomalu ʻia e pale ai i nā mea olaola a kōkua i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kekahi o nā hopena o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke aniau i nā kumuwaiwai o ka ʻāina. Ua wehewehe nā kānaka ʻepekema i nā wahi i mālama ʻia ma Antarctic i kēia manawa "ʻaʻole lawa, kūpono ʻole, a me ka pilikia" (1), ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole lākou e hele lōʻihi i ke kākoʻo ʻana i ko mākou ʻāina kūʻokoʻa loa.

Ke hoʻolauleʻa nei mākou i nā makahiki 25 o ka maluhia, ka ʻepekema, a me ka wao nahele ʻole i ka Antarctica, ke manaʻolana nei au e hana ka Antarctic Treaty System a me ke koena o ka honua e hōʻoia i kahi hapaha haneli o ka paʻa a me ka ulu ʻana o nā kaiaola ma ko mākou ʻāina polar.