Ka Thermoregulating Ectotherm

Na Jake Zadik, he kanaka kamaʻilio mua me The Ocean Foundation e aʻo nei i Cuba.

No laila, nīnau ʻoe, he aha ka thermoregulating ectotherm? ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "ectotherm" e pili ana i nā holoholona i loaʻa ka mahana o ke kino e like me ko lākou kaiapuni a puni. ʻAʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoponopono i loko o ko lākou kino. Hoʻomaopopo pinepine ka poʻe iā lākou ma ke ʻano he "koko anuanu", akā ʻoi aku ka manaʻo o kēia huaʻōlelo e kuhi hewa i ka poʻe ma mua o ka ʻole. ʻO nā Ectotherms nā mea kolo, nā amphibians, a me nā iʻa. Hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke ulu i nā wahi mahana. ʻO ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka ikehu hoʻomau o kahi holoholona koko pumehana (mammal) a me kahi holoholona koko anu (reptile) ma ke ʻano he hana o ka wela kumu.

ʻO ka "Thermoregulating," pili i ka hiki o nā holoholona ke mālama i ko lākou wela o loko, me ka nānā iki i ka mahana. Ke anu ma waho, hiki i kēia mau mea ola ke noho mehana. Ke wela ma waho, hiki i kēia mau holoholona ke hoʻomaha iā lākou iho a ʻaʻole wela. ʻO kēia nā "endotherms," ​​e like me nā manu a me nā mammals. Hiki i nā Endotherms ke mālama i ka mahana o ke kino a ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he homeotherms.

No laila, i kēia manawa hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo he kūʻē maoli ka inoa o kēia blog - he mea hiki ʻole ke hoʻoponopono i ka mahana o ke kino akā hiki maoli ke hoʻoponopono i ka wela o ke kino? ʻAe, a he mea hana kūikawā maoli nō.

ʻO kēia ka mahina honu kai ma The Ocean Foundation, ʻo ia ke kumu i koho ai au e kākau e pili ana i ka honu kai leatherback a me kāna thermoregulation kūikawā. Ua hōʻike ʻia ka noiʻi ʻimi ʻimi ʻana i kēia honu i nā ala neʻe ma waena o nā moana, a he poʻe mākaʻikaʻi mau i kahi ākea o nā wahi noho. Ua neʻe lākou i nā wai momona, akā anuanu loa a hiki i Nova Scotia, Kanada, a loaʻa iā lākou nā pūnana ma nā wai wela a puni ka Caribbean. ʻAʻohe mea kolo ʻē aʻe e ʻae i ka nui o nā ʻano wela like ʻole - ke ʻōlelo nei au me ka ikaika no ka mea aia nā mea kolo e ʻae i lalo o ka mahana maloʻo, akā hana pēlā i kahi kūlana hibernating. Ua hoihoi kēia i nā herpetologists a me nā mea ola moana no nā makahiki he nui, akā ua ʻike hou ʻia kēia mau mea kolo nui e hoʻoponopono kino i ko lākou wela.

…Akā he ectotherms lākou, pehea lākou e hana ai i kēia??…

ʻOiai ua hoʻohālikelike ʻia ka nui me kahi kaʻa liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole lākou i kūkulu ʻia i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana i hiki ke maʻamau. He mea nui naʻe ko lākou nui i kā lākou hoʻoponopono wela. No ka nui loa, he haʻahaʻa ko nā honu kai leatherback a me ka ratio o ka leo, no laila ke hoʻololi ʻia ka mahana kumu o ka honu i ka wikiwiki. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻano "gigantothermy." Manaʻo ka poʻe ʻepekema he ʻano kēia o nā holoholona prehistoric nui i ka wā o ka wā hau a hiki i ka pau ʻana i ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana (no ka mea ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaha wikiwiki).

Hoʻopili ʻia ka honu i loko o ka ʻiʻo adipose ʻeleʻele, kahi ʻāpana momona ikaika i loaʻa i nā mea momona. Hiki i kēia ʻōnaehana ke mālama i ka 90% o ka wela ma ke kumu o ka holoholona, ​​​​e hoʻemi ana i ka nalowale o ka wela ma nā ʻaoʻao i hōʻike ʻia. Aia i loko o nā wai wela, ʻokoʻa wale nō. E emi loa ana ka pinepine o ka hahau ʻana o Flipper, a neʻe wale ke koko i nā wēlau a hoʻokuʻu i ka wela ma nā wahi i uhi ʻole ʻia e ka ʻiʻo insulating.

Ua lanakila loa nā honu kai Leatherback i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ko lākou wela kino i hiki iā lākou ke mālama mau i ka wela o ke kino he 18 degere ma luna a ma lalo paha o ka wela o ke kino. He mea kupanaha loa ia i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ai kekahi poʻe noiʻi no ka mea, ua hoʻokō ʻia kēia kaʻina hana metabolically hoʻokō ʻia nā honu kai leatherback he endothermic maoli. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole mālama ʻia kēia kaʻina hana, no laila ke manaʻo nei ka hapa nui o nā mea noiʻi he mana liʻiliʻi kēia o ka endothermy.

ʻAʻole nā ​​honu leatherback nā ectotherms moana wale nō e loaʻa kēia mana. He hoʻolālā kino kū hoʻokahi ko Bluefin tuna e mālama ana i ko lākou koko ma ke kumu o ko lākou kino a loaʻa i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻololi wela i kēia manawa me ka leatherback. Hoʻomau ka iʻa i ka wela ma ko lākou poʻo ma o ka ʻili ʻili adipose ʻeleʻele like ʻole e hoʻonui ai i ko lākou ʻike ke ʻauʻau ʻana i loko o ka wai hohonu a i ʻole ke anuanu. Aia kekahi mau pilikua ʻē aʻe o ke kai e nalowale ana ka wela ma ka hana lohi, e like me ka manō keʻokeʻo nui.

Manaʻo wau ʻo ka thermoregulation hoʻokahi wale nō hiʻohiʻona hoihoi o kēia mau mea nani nani me ka nui o nā mea i ʻike ʻia. Mai nā ʻōhua liʻiliʻi e hele ana i ka wai a hiki i nā kāne e hoʻi mau ana a me nā wahine pūnana hoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka nui o lākou. ʻAʻole maopopo ka poʻe noiʻi i kahi e noho ai kēia mau honu i nā makahiki mua o ko lākou ola. He mea pohihihi ia no ka holo ana o keia mau holoholona hele mamao me ka pololei. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ke aʻo nei mākou e pili ana i nā honu kai ma kahi ʻoi aku ka lohi ma mua o ka emi ʻana o ka heluna kanaka.

I ka hopena, ʻo ia ko mākou manaʻo paʻa e pale i ka mea a mākou i ʻike ai, a me ko mākou ʻimi e pili ana i nā honu kai pohihihi e alakaʻi ai i nā hana hoʻōla ikaika. Nui ka ʻike ʻole e pili ana i kēia mau holoholona hoihoi a hoʻoweliweli ʻia ko lākou ola ʻana ma muli o ka nalowale ʻana o nā kahakai hoʻomoe, ka plastic a me nā mea haumia ʻē aʻe i ke kai, a me ka hopu ʻana i nā ʻupena lawaiʻa a me nā laina lōʻihi. Kōkua iā mākou ma Ka Moana Foundation e kākoʻo i ka poʻe i hoʻolaʻa iā lākou iho i ka noiʻi ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka honu kai ma o kā mākou Pūnaehana Honu Kai.

E hoʻomaopopo ':

1. Bostrom, Brian L., a me David R. Jones. “Hoʻomaʻamaʻa hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻili ʻili makua
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4. Goff, Gregory P., a me Garry B. Stenson. "Ka Tissue Adipose Brown i loko o nā Honu Kai Leatherback: He Organ Thermogenic i loko o kahi Reptile Endothermic?" ʻO Copeia 1988.4 (1988): 1071. Pai.
5. Davenport, J., J. Fraher, E. Fitzgerald, P. Mclaughlin, T. Doyle, L. Harman, T. Cuffe, a me P. Dockery. "ʻO nā hoʻololi ontogenetic i loko o ke ʻano Tracheal Structure e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā luʻu hohonu a me ka ʻai ʻana i ka wai anuanu i nā honu kai ʻili ʻili makua." Ka Pepa Hōʻoiaʻo Biology 212.21 (2009): 3440-447. Paʻi
6. Penick, David N., James R. Spotila, Michael P. O'Connor, Anthony C. Steyermark, Robert H. George, Christopher J. Salice, a me Frank V. Paladino. “Ke kūʻokoʻa wela o ka ʻiʻo ʻiʻo i loko o ka honu Leatherback, Dermochelys Coriacea.” Hoʻohālikelike Biochemistry a me Physiology Māhele A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology 120.3 (1998): 399-403. Paʻi