He aha ke ʻano o ka Grand Canyon a me New York City?

Na Caroline Coogan, Research Intern, The Ocean Foundation

I kēlā me kēia manawa aʻu e hele ai i New York, ua hahau ʻia au - a pinepine hoʻi i ka hoʻoluhi ʻia - e nā hale kiʻekiʻe a me ke ola ʻana. Ke kū nei ma lalo o kahi hale 300 m kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole e nānā ana ma luna o kona papa nānā, ʻo ke kūlanakauhale paha he ululāʻau kūlanakauhale e kū mai ana i luna a i ʻole he kūlanakauhale pāʻani uila e ʻālohilohi ana ma lalo. E noʻonoʻo i ka lele ʻana mai ke kiʻekiʻe o New York City a i ka hohonu o ka Grand Canyon, 1800 m i lalo.

ʻO ka nui o kēia mau mea kupanaha i hana ʻia e ke kanaka, ua hoʻoikaika i nā mea pena kiʻi, nā mea kūlohelohe, a me nā ʻepekema no nā kenekulia. ʻO kahi hōʻike hōʻike hou na Gus Petro Ke noʻonoʻo nei ʻoe i ke kūlanakauhale ma waena o nā awāwa a me nā piko o ka Grand Canyon - akā pehea inā e haʻi aku au iā ʻoe aia kahi canyon ʻelua i kona nui ma New York? ʻAʻole pono ka photoshop ma aneʻi, ka Canyon Canyon He 740 km ka lōʻihi a he 3200 m ka hohonu a he mau mile wale nō ma lalo o ka muliwai Hudson a ma lalo o ke kai uliuli hohonu…

Ua hōʻailona ʻia ka papa o Mid-Atlantic me nā canyons a me nā puʻu kai, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea e like me ka Grand Canyon a me ka pīhoihoi e like me New York City. ʻO nā waihoʻoluʻu ʻoniʻoni a me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e laina i ka papahele a i ʻole ka holo moana i ka hohonu. Mai Virginia a hiki i New York City he ʻumi mau awāwa moana hohonu e piha ana i ke ola - he ʻumi canyons e alakaʻi ana iā mākou i kekahi o kā mākou hoʻolauleʻa makahiki 10.

ʻO nā canyons ma waho o Virginia a me Wakinekona, DC - ka Norfolk, Wakinekona, a Accomac Kanaana – loaʻa kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona hema loa o nā koʻa wai anuanu a me kā lākou mau holoholona pili. Hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā ʻākoʻakoʻa me nā wai wela a me ka wela. He mea koʻikoʻi nā ʻākoʻa wai hohonu a hoʻokipa e like me nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole e like me ko lākou mau hoahānau kahakai. ʻO ka Norfolk Canyon ua ʻōlelo ʻia ma ke ʻano he wahi hoʻāno kai mālama ʻia, he laʻana maʻamau o ke ʻano o kā mākou mālama ʻana i kā mākou waiwai o waho. He ʻelua ia wahi e hoʻolei ai no ka ʻōpala radioactive a i kēia manawa ke hoʻoweliweli ʻia e nā anana seismic.

ʻO ka neʻe ʻana i ka ʻākau e lawe iā mākou i ka Baltimore Canyon, kupaianaha no ka lilo ʻana i ʻekolu methane e kahe ana ma ka papa waena o ʻAkelanika. Hoʻokumu ʻo Methane seeps i kahi ʻano kūlohelohe maoli a me ke kemika; kahi i kūpono i kekahi mau ʻū a me nā pāpaʻi. He mea koʻikoʻi ʻo Baltimore no ka nui o ke ola koʻa a me ka hana ʻana ma ke ʻano he kahua hānai no nā ʻano mea kūʻai.

ʻO kēia mau awāwa kai hohonu, e like me Wilmington a Zhou Kanaana, he mau kai lawaia huahua. Hoʻokumu ka ʻokoʻa a me ka nui o nā ʻano mea i kahi kūpono no nā lawaiʻa leʻaleʻa a me ka ʻoihana. Hiki ke lawaiʻa i nā mea a pau mai ka pāpaʻi a i ka tuna a me ka manō. No ka mea he wahi koʻikoʻi lākou no nā ʻano mea he nui, ʻo ka pale ʻana i nā canyons i ka wā o ka hoʻoulu ʻana e hiki ke hana i ka maikaʻi no ka hoʻokele lawaiʻa.  ʻO Tom's Canyon Complex - he pūʻulu o nā canyon liʻiliʻi - ua koho ʻia hoʻi no kona mau kai lawaiʻa kupaianaha.

ʻOiai he mau lā wale nō ma hope o ka Halloween, ʻaʻole nui kēia me ka haʻi ʻole ʻana i kahi mea momona - bubblegum! ʻO Coral, ʻo ia hoʻi. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻano mea i kapa ʻia e ka NOAA i ka ʻimi kai hohonu Veatch a Gilbert Kanaana. ʻAʻole i koho mua ʻia ʻo Gilbert no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā ʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe; akā, ua ʻike ʻia kahi huakaʻi NOAA i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe. Ke aʻo nei mākou i nā manawa a pau i ka nui o nā ʻokoʻa e ʻike ʻia i ka mea a mākou e manaʻo nei he mau wahi ola ʻole o ka papakū moana. Akā ʻike mākou a pau i ka mea e hana ai ke manaʻo mākou!

ʻO ka hahai ʻana i kēia ala o nā canyons ka mea nui loa o lākou a pau - ka Hudson Canyon. He 740 kilomita ka lōʻihi a me 3200 mika ka hohonu, ʻelua ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ka Grand Canyon weliweli a me kahi puʻuhonua no nā holoholona a me nā mea ulu - mai nā mea ola i loko o ka hohonu a hiki i nā kohola charismatic a me nā iʻa e holo kokoke ana i ka ʻili. E like me ka hōʻike ʻana o kona inoa, ʻo ia ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻōnaehana muliwai ʻo Hudson - e hōʻike ana i nā pili pololei o nā moana i ka ʻāina. E noʻonoʻo ana ka poʻe ʻike i ka nui o nā kai lawaiʻa no ka tuna a me ka ʻeleʻele kai. Ua ʻike paha lākou ʻo Facebook, leka uila, a me BuzzFeed mai ka Hudson Canyon mai? ʻO kēia ʻāina i lalo o ka moana kahi ʻano o nā uwea kelepona fiber-optic e hoʻopili iā mākou i ka honua ākea. ʻO ka mea a mākou e hoʻihoʻi ai he mea liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka stellar - hoʻokahe ʻia ka haumia a me ka ʻōpala mai nā kumu ma ka ʻāina a noho i loko o kēia mau canyons hohonu ma ka ʻaoʻao o kā lākou ʻano ʻano ʻano like ʻole.

Ke hoʻolauleʻa nei ka Ocean Foundation i kā mākou makahiki ʻumi ma New York City i kēia pule - ʻo ka mea a mākou e manaʻo ai e hoʻolauleʻa koke nei ʻo ia ka pale o nā canyons submarine. Ke kākoʻo nei i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā iʻa, nā kahua hānai koʻikoʻi, nā mammals moana nui a me nā mea liʻiliʻi, a me ka lehulehu o nā mea ola benthic, ʻo kēia mau canyons he mea hoʻomanaʻo kupanaha i ka ʻokoʻa o ke ola i loko o ko kākou mau kai. Hoʻohālike nā skyscrapers ma luna o nā alanui o New York i nā awāwa nui o ka papahele moana. ʻO ka leo o ke ola ma nā alanui o New York - nā kukui, nā kānaka, nā leka nūhou, nā kelepona a me nā papa i hoʻopili ʻia i ka pūnaewele - hoʻohālike pū i ka nui o ke ola ma lalo o ke kai a hoʻomanaʻo mai iā mākou i ke koʻikoʻi o ko mākou ola i kēlā me kēia lā ma ka ʻāina.

No laila he aha ke ʻano o ka Grand Canyon a me New York City? He mau mea hoʻomanaʻo ʻike ʻia lākou o nā mea kupanaha maoli a i hana ʻia e ke kanaka e waiho ana ma lalo o ka nalu.