ʻO wai nā Momo Moana?

Na Michael Stocker, Luna Hoʻokumu o Ocean Conservation Research, kahi papahana o The Ocean Foundation

Ke noʻonoʻo ka poʻe o ke kaiāulu mālama i nā kohola mammals moana ma luna o ka papa inoa. Akā, he kakaikahi hou aʻe nā mammals kai e hoʻolauleʻa ai i kēia mahina. ʻO nā Pinnipeds, a i ʻole “fin footed” sila a me nā liona kai; nā Mustelids moana - nā ʻotters, ka pulu o ko lākou ʻohana; nā Sirenians e komo pū ana me nā dugongs a me nā manatees; a me ka bea polar, i manaʻo ʻia he mammal moana no ka mea ʻo lākou ka hapa nui o ko lākou ola i loko a i ʻole ma luna o ka wai.

Malia paha ke kumu o ka hoʻoulu ʻana o nā cetaceans i kā mākou noʻonoʻo hui ʻana ma mua o nā mammals moana ʻē aʻe no ka mea, ua ulana paʻa ʻia nā hopena kanaka a me nā moʻolelo moʻolelo i loko o ka hopena o kēia mau holoholona no nā kaukani makahiki. ʻO ka pōʻino o Iona me ke koholā, ʻo ia kekahi o nā hālāwai mua e pono ke hāpai ʻia (ʻaʻole i pau ʻo Iona e ke koholā). Akā, ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻokani pila, makemake nō hoʻi au e kaʻana like i ka moʻolelo o Arion - kekahi mea hoʻokani pila ma kahi o 700 mau makahiki M.K.

ʻO ka moʻolelo ʻo Cliff Note o Arion, ʻo ia ʻo ia e hoʻi mai ana mai kahi huakaʻi me ka pahu piha i nā waiwai i loaʻa iā ia i uku no kāna mau 'gigs' i ka wā i waena o ke kaʻa ʻana ua hoʻoholo nā luina ma luna o kona waʻa e makemake lākou i ka pahu a e hele ana. e kiola ia Arion i ke kai. I ka ʻike ʻana ʻaʻole i loko o nā kāleka ke kūkākūkā ʻana i nā haʻawina me kona mau hoa moku, ua noi ʻo Arion inā hiki iā ia ke hīmeni i hoʻokahi mele hope ma mua o ka haʻalele ʻana o ka poʻe haʻalulu iā ia. I ka lohe ʻana i ka ʻōlelo hohonu o ke mele a Arion, ua hōʻea mai nā iʻa e hōʻiliʻili iā ia mai ke kai mai a hāʻawi iā ia i uka.

ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻo kā mākou hana nui ʻē aʻe me nā koholā e pili ana i ka ʻoihana koholā he 300 makahiki nāna i hoʻomālamalama a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā kūlanakauhale nui o ke Komohana a me ʻEulopa - a hiki i ka pau ʻana o nā koholā (ua pau nā miliona o nā holoholona hanohano, ʻoiai i nā makahiki he 75 i hala. o ka oihana).

Piʻi hou nā koholā ma ka sonar lehulehu ma hope o ka makahiki 1970 Mele o ke kohola Humpback Ua hoʻomanaʻo ka album i ka lehulehu ʻaʻole ʻo nā koholā he mau ʻeke ʻiʻo a me ka aila e hoʻolilo ʻia i kālā; akā, he mau holoholona ola lākou e noho ana ma nā moʻomeheu paʻakikī a me ke mele ʻana i nā mele evocative. Ua hala ma mua o 14 mau makahiki i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana o ka moratorium honua no ka lawaiʻa ʻana, no laila, koe naʻe nā ʻāina ʻekolu o Iapana, Norewai, a me Iceland, ua hoʻopau nā lawaiʻa ʻoihana koholā a pau i ka makahiki 1984.

ʻOiai ua ʻike ka poʻe holo moana ma ka mōʻaukala ua piha ke kai i nā mermaids, naiads, selkies, a me nā sirens a pau e hīmeni ana i kā lākou mau mele ʻoluʻolu, evocative, a me nā mele hoʻohiwahiwa, ʻo ia ka nānā ʻana i nā mele koholā i lawe mai i ka noiʻi ʻepekema e pili i nā leo. hana nā holoholona moana. I loko o nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala iho nei, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hapa nui o nā holoholona o ke kai - mai ke koʻa, i ka iʻa, a i nā iʻa - loaʻa nā pilina bioacoustic me ko lākou wahi noho.

ʻO kekahi o nā kani - ʻo nā mea mai ka iʻa ʻAʻole manaʻo ʻia he hoihoi loa i ke kanaka. Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe (a i ʻole ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe) hiki ke ʻoiaʻiʻo nā mele o nā mea momona he nui paʻakikī a nani. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o nā alapine o ka bio-sonar o nā iʻa a me nā porpoises i hiki iā mākou ke lohe, hiki i kā lākou leo ​​kaiapuni ke ʻike i ka ʻike leo kanaka a hauʻoli maoli. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe he haʻahaʻa loa ka nui o nā leo o nā koholā baleen nui i hiki iā mākou ke lohe, no laila pono mākou e "wikiwiki iā lākou" i mea e ʻike ai lākou. Akā, ke hoʻokomo ʻia lākou i loko o ka laulā o ka lohe kanaka, hiki ke kani ke kani ʻana, ʻo ke kani ʻana o nā koholā minke hiki ke kani e like me nā ʻokiki, a ʻo nā mele hoʻokele o nā koholā polū ʻaʻole hiki ke wehewehe.

Akā ʻo kēia wale nō nā cetaceans; nui nā sila- ʻo ka poʻe e noho ana ma nā ʻāpana polar kahi o ka pōʻeleʻele i kekahi mau kau, loaʻa ka leo leo ʻē aʻe. Inā ʻoe e holo ana ma ke Kai Weddell a lohe ʻoe i ke sila ʻo Weddell, a i ʻole ma ke kai Beaufort a lohe ʻoe i ka sila ʻumiʻumi ma kou hull, e noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe inā ua loaʻa ʻoe iā ʻoe ma kahi honua ʻē aʻe.

He liʻiliʻi wale kā mākou mau ʻike e pili ana i ke komo ʻana o kēia mau leo ​​pohihihi i loko o ka ʻano mammalian moana; ʻO ka mea a lākou e lohe ai, a me kā lākou hana me ia, akā ʻo ka nui o nā mammals moana e hoʻololi nei i ko lākou noho kai moana no 20-30 miliona mau makahiki, hiki i nā pane i kēia mau nīnau ma waho o ko mākou ʻike.
ʻO ke kumu hou aʻe e hoʻolauleʻa ai i ko mākou ʻohana mammal moana.

© 2014 Michael Stocker
ʻO Michael ka luna hoʻokumu o Ocean Conservation Research, kahi papahana Ocean Foundation e ʻimi nei e hoʻomaopopo i ka hopena o ka walaʻau i hana ʻia e ke kanaka ma ka nohona kai. ʻO kāna puke hou E hoʻolohe i ko mākou wahi: Sound, Ecology, and Sense of Place ʻimi i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ke kanaka a me nā holoholona ʻē aʻe i ke kani no ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ko lākou pilina me ko lākou puni.