Mwala Wachilumba

Kuwala Kokongola kwa Okutobala
Gawo 2: Mwala Wachilumba

ndi Mark J. Spalding

Kenako, ndinapita ku Block Island, Rhode Island, yomwe ili pamtunda wa makilomita pafupifupi 13 (kapena kukwera boti kwa ola limodzi) kuchokera ku Point Judith. Ndinali ndi mwayi wopambana mpikisano wopindula ndi Rhode Island Natural History Survey-yomwe inandipatsa sabata pa Redgate Farm pa Block Island pafupi ndi New Harbor. Sabata pambuyo pa Tsiku la Columbus limatanthauza kugwa mwadzidzidzi kwa makamu ndipo chilumba chokongola chimakhalanso chamtendere. Chifukwa cha kuyesetsa kwa Block Island Conservancy, mabungwe ena, ndi mabanja odzipereka a Block Island, zambiri za chilumbachi ndi zotetezedwa ndipo zimapereka maulendo odabwitsa kuzilumba zosiyanasiyana.  

Tithokoze kwa omwe atilandira, Kim Gaffett wa Ocean View Foundation ndi Kira Stillwell wa Survey, tinali ndi mipata yowonjezera yoyendera madera otetezedwa. Kukhala pachilumba kumatanthauza kuti mumakonda kwambiri mphepo, makamaka nthawi yophukira, komanso kwa Kim ndi Kira, makamaka panthawi yakusamuka kwa mbalame. M'dzinja, mphepo yakumpoto ndi mphepo yamchira ya mbalame zosamuka, ndipo izi zikutanthauza mwayi wofufuza.

Tsiku lathu loyamba lathunthu, tinali ndi mwayi wokhala komweko pomwe asayansi ochokera ku Biodiversity Research Institute anali kuchita kugwa kwawo kwa raptors. Pulogalamuyi ili m'chaka chachinayi ndipo imawerengedwa pakati pa anzawo Ocean View Foundation, Bailey Wildlife Foundation, The Nature Conservancy, ndi University of Rhode Island. Pamwamba pa phiri la mphepo yamkuntho kum'mwera kwa chilumbachi, gulu la BRI linali kugwira zigawenga zambirimbiri—ndipo tinafika masana abwino kwambiri. Ntchitoyi ikuyang'ana kwambiri zamayendedwe osamukirako a ma peregrine falcon komanso kuchuluka kwa poizoni kwa ma raptor m'derali. Mbalame zimene tinkayang’ana ankazipima, kuziyeza, kuzimanga mizere, n’kumasulidwa. Ndinali ndi mwayi waukulu kuthandiza ndi kutulutsidwa kwa harrier yaing'ono yaikazi ya ku Northern Harrier (yotchedwa marsh hawk), Kim atangotenga nthawi yake ndi mnyamata wamng'ono wakumpoto.  

Asayansi akhala akugwiritsa ntchito ma raptors ngati barometers of ecosystem health kwazaka zambiri. Kugawidwa kwawo ndi kuchuluka kwawo kumalumikizidwa kwambiri ndi masamba omwe amawathandiza. Chris DeSorbo, woyang'anira mapulogalamu, akuti "malo ofufuzira a Block Island raptor ndi kumpoto komanso kutali kwambiri ndi gombe la Atlantic. Makhalidwe amenewa pamodzi ndi mmene amasamuka m’madera osiyanasiyana a ma raptor kumeneko amapangitsa chilumbachi kukhala chofunika kwambiri pa kafukufuku wake ndi kuwunika momwe angathere.” Malo ofufuza a Block Island apereka zidziwitso zamtengo wapatali za momwe ma raptor amanyamula katundu wochuluka kwambiri wa mercury, mwachitsanzo, komanso kutalika kwake. kusamuka.
Maperegrini olembedwa chizindikiro akhala akulondoleredwa mpaka ku Greenland ndi ku Ulaya—kuwoloka nyanja zazikulu m’maulendo awo. Mofanana ndi zamoyo za m’nyanja zomwe zimakonda kusamukasamuka monga anangumi ndi nsomba za tuna, n’kofunika kudziwa ngati mitundu ya anthu ndi yosiyana kapena ngati mbalame imodzi ingathe kuwerengedwa m’malo awiri. Kudziwa kumathandiza kutsimikizira kuti tikazindikira kuchuluka kwa zamoyo, timawerengera kamodzi, osati kawiri, ndikuwongolera nambala yocheperako.  

Malo ang'onoang'ono okwera nyengoyi amatsegula zenera polumikizana pakati pa mphepo, nyanja, mtunda, ndi mlengalenga - ndi nyama zomwe zimasamuka zomwe zimadalira mafunde, chakudya, ndi zinthu zina zothandizira moyo wawo. Tikudziŵa kuti ena a raptor pa Block Island adzakhala kumeneko m’nyengo yachisanu, ndipo ena adzakhala atayenda makilomita zikwi kum’mwera ndi kubwereranso, monga momwe alendo aumunthu adzabwereranso nyengo yachilimwe yotsatira. Tikhoza kuyembekezera kuti kugwa kotsatira gulu la BRI ndi abwenzi awo adzatha kubwerera kuti apitirize kuwunika kwa mercury katundu, kuchuluka kwake, komanso thanzi la mitundu isanu ndi itatu ya raptors yomwe imadalira njira iyi.  

Chithunzi 1: Block Island, Chithunzi 2: Kuyeza kaphazi